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1.
Evolutionary prisoner’s dilemma on Newman-Watts social networks with an asymmetric payoff distribution mechanism 下载免费PDF全文
In this paper, we introduce an asymmetric payoff
distribution mechanism into the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game
(PDG) on Newman--Watts social networks, and study its effects on the
evolution of cooperation. The asymmetric payoff distribution
mechanism can be adjusted by the parameter α: if α>0,
the rich will exploit the poor to get richer; if α<0, the
rich are forced to offer part of their income to the poor.
Numerical results show that the cooperator frequency monotonously
increases with α and is remarkably promoted when α>0.
The effects of updating order and self-interaction are also
investigated. The co-action of random updating and self-interaction
can induce the highest cooperation level. Moreover, we employ the Gini
coefficient to investigate the effect of asymmetric payoff
distribution on the the system's wealth distribution. This work may
be helpful for understanding cooperative behaviour and wealth
inequality in society. 相似文献
2.
This paper studies the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game on a highly clustered community network in which the clustering
coefficient and the community size can be tuned. It finds that the clustering coefficient in such a degree-homogeneous network inhibits the emergence of cooperation for the entire range of the payoff parameter. Moreover, it finds that the community size can also have a marked influence on the evolution of cooperation, with a larger community size leading to not only a lower cooperation level but also a smaller threshold of the payoff parameter above which cooperators become extinct. 相似文献
3.
Adaptive co-evolution of strategies and network leading to optimal cooperation level in spatial prisoner’s dilemma game 下载免费PDF全文
We study evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game on adaptive
networks where a population of players co-evolves with their
interaction networks. During the co-evolution process, interacted
players with opposite strategies either rewire the link between them
with probability $p$ or update their strategies with probability
$1-p$ depending on their payoffs. Numerical simulation shows that
the final network is either split into some disconnected communities
whose players share the same strategy within each community or forms
a single connected network in which all nodes are in the same
strategy. Interestingly, the density of cooperators in the final
state can be maximised in an intermediate range of $p$ via the
competition between time scale of the network dynamics and that of
the node dynamics. Finally, the mean-field analysis helps to
understand the results of numerical simulation. Our results may
provide some insight into understanding the emergence of cooperation
in the real situation where the individuals' behaviour and their
relationship adaptively co-evolve. 相似文献
4.
We study the effect of accumulative payoff on the evolution of cooperation in the evolutionary prisoner’s dilemma on a square lattice. We introduce a decaying factor for the accumulative payoff, which characterizes the extent that the historical payoff is accumulated. It is shown that for fixed values of the temptation to defect, the density of cooperators increases with the value of the decaying factor. This indicates that the more the historical payoff is involved, the more favourable cooperators become. In the critical region where the cooperator density converges to zero, cooperators vanish according to a power-law-like behaviour. The associated exponents agree approximately with the two-dimensional directed percolation and depend weakly on the value of the decaying factor. 相似文献
5.
Repeated games describe situations where players interact with each other in a dynamic pattern and make decisions according to outcomes of previous stage games. Very recently, Press and Dyson have revealed a new class of zero-determinant(ZD) strategies for the repeated games, which can enforce a fixed linear relationship between expected payoffs of two players, indicating that a smart player can control her unwitting co-player’s payoff in a unilateral way [Proc. Acad. Natl. Sci.USA 109, 10409(2012)]. The theory of ZD strategies provides a novel viewpoint to depict interactions among players,and fundamentally changes the research paradigm of game theory. In this brief survey, we first introduce the mathematical framework of ZD strategies, and review the properties and constrains of two specifications of ZD strategies, called pinning strategies and extortion strategies. Then we review some representative research progresses, including robustness analysis,cooperative ZD strategy analysis, and evolutionary stability analysis. Finally, we discuss some significant extensions to ZD strategies, including the multi-player ZD strategies, and ZD strategies under noise. Challenges in related research fields are also listed. 相似文献
6.
A weight’s agglomerative method for detecting communities in weighted networks based on weight’s similarity 下载免费PDF全文
This paper proposes the new definition of the community structure of the weighted networks that groups of nodes in which the edge's weights distribute uniformly but at random between them. It can describe the steady connections between nodes or some similarity between nodes' functions effectively. In order to detect the community structure efficiently, a threshold coefficient κ to evaluate the equivalence of edges' weights and a new weighted modularity based on the weight's similarity are proposed. Then, constructing the weighted matrix and using the agglomerative mechanism, it presents a weight's agglomerative method based on optimizing the modularity to detect communities. For a network with n nodes, the algorithm can detect the community structure in time O(n2log2n). Simulations on networks show that the algorithm has higher accuracy and precision than the existing techniques. Furthermore, with the change of κ the algorithm discovers a special hierarchical organization which can describe the various steady connections between nodes in groups. 相似文献
7.
Though numerous researches have shown that tie strengths play a key role in the formation of collective behavior in social networks, little work has been done to explore their impact on the outcome of evolutionary games. In this Letter, we studied the effect of tie strength in the dynamics of evolutionary prisoner?s dilemma games by using online social network datasets. The results show that the fraction of cooperators has a non-trivial dependence on tie strength. Weak ties, just like previous researches on epidemics and information diffusion have shown, play a key role by the maintenance of cooperators in evolutionary prisoner?s dilemma games. 相似文献
8.
Effects of information asymmetry on cooperation in the prisoners’ dilemma game are investigated. The amplitude A is introduced to describe the degree of information asymmetry. It is found that there exists an optimal value of amplitude Aopt at which the fraction of cooperation reaches its maximal value. The reason lies in that cooperators on the two-dimensional grid form large clusters at Aopt . In addition, the theoretical analysis in terms of the meanfield theory is used to understand this kind of phenomenon. It is confirmed that the information asymmetry plays an important role in the dynamics of the dilemma games of spatial prisoners. 相似文献
9.
Efficient and rapid accuracy estimation of the Earth’s gravitational field from next-generation GOCE Follow-On by the analytical method 下载免费PDF全文
Firstly, a new analytical error model of the cumulative geoid height using the three-dimensional diagonal tensors of satellite gravity gradiometry (SGG) is introduced based on the variance-covariance matrix principle. Secondly, a study for the requirements demonstration on the next-generation GOCE Follow-On satellite gravity gradiometry system is developed using different satellite orbital altitudes and measurement accuracies of satellite gravity gradiometer by the new analytical error model of SGG. The research results show that it is preferable to design satellite orbital altitudes of 300 km-400km and choose the measurement accuracies of 10-13/s2 -10-15/s2 from satellite gravity gradiometer. Finally, the complementarity of the four-stage satellite gravity missions, including past CHAMP, current GRACE, and GOCE, and next-generation GOCE Follow-On, is contrastively demonstrated for precisely recovering the Earth’s full-frequency gravitational field with high spatial resolution. 相似文献
10.
In the framework of the gravity's rainbow, the asymptotic
quasinormal modes of the modified Schwarzschild black holes
undergoing a scalar perturbation are investigated. By using the
monodromy method, we analytically calculated the asymptotic
quasinormal frequencies, which depend on not only the mass parameter
of the black hole, but also the particle's energy of the
perturbation field. Meanwhile, the real parts of the asymptotic
quasinormal modes can be expressed as TH\ln 3, which is
consistent with Hod's conjecture. In addition, for the quantum
corrected black hole, the area spacing is independent of the
particle's energy, even though the area itself depends on the
particle's energy. And that, by relating the area spectrum to loop
quantum gravity, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter is given and it
remains the same as from the usual black hole. 相似文献
11.
Integrating the environmental factor into the strategy updating rule to promote cooperation in evolutionary games 下载免费PDF全文
Many previous studies have shown that the environment plays an important role for social individuals. In this paper, we integrate the environmental factor, which is defined as the average payoff of all a player's neighbours, with the standard Fermi updating rule by introducing a tunable parameter, ω. It is found that the level of cooperation increases remarkably, and that the cooperators can better resist the invasion of defection with an increase in ω. This interesting phenomenon is then explained from a microscopic view. In addition, the universality of this mechanism is also proved with the help of the small-world network and the random regular graph. This work may be helpful in understanding cooperation behaviour in species from unicellular organisms up to human beings. 相似文献
12.
In this study,we propose a spatial prisoner’s dilemma game model with a 2-stage strategy updating rule,and focus on the cooperation behavior of the system.In the first stage,i.e.,the pre-learning stage,a focal player decides whether to update his strategy according to the pre-learning factor β and the payoff difference between himself and the average of his neighbors.If the player makes up his mind to update,he enters into the second stage,i.e.,the learning stage,and adopts a strategy of a randomly selected neighbor according to the standard Fermi updating rule.The simulation results show that the cooperation level has a non-trivial dependence on the pre-learning factor.Generally,the cooperation frequency decreases as the pre-learning factor increases;but a high cooperation level can be obtained in the intermediate region of 3 < β < 1.We then give some explanations via studying the co-action of pre-learning and learning.Our results may sharpen the understanding of the influence of the strategy updating rule on evolutionary games. 相似文献
13.
LI Hai-Hong CHENG Hong-Yan DAI Qiong-Lin JU Ping ZHANG Mei YANG Jun-Zhong 《理论物理通讯》2011,56(5):813-818
We investigate the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game in structured populations by introducing dimers, which are defined as that two players in each dimer always hold a same strategy. We find that influences of dimers on cooperation depend on the type of dimers and the population structure. For those dimers in which players interact with each other, the cooperation level increases with the number of dimers though the cooperation improvement level
depends on the type of network structures. On the other hand, the dimers, in which there are not mutual interactions, will not do any good to the cooperation level in a single community, but interestingly, will improve the cooperation level in a population with two communities. We explore the relationship between dimers and self-interactions and find that the effects of dimers are similar to that of self-interactions. Also, we find that the dimers, which are established over two communities in a multi-community network, act as one type of interaction through which information between communities is communicated by the requirement that two players in a dimer hold a same strategy. 相似文献
14.
A. Szolnoki M. Perc G. Szabó 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2008,65(4):505-509
In human societies the probability of strategy adoption from a given person may be affected by the personal features. Now
we investigate how an artificially imposed restricted ability to reproduce, overruling ones fitness, affects an evolutionary
process. For this purpose we employ the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game on different complex graphs. Reproduction restrictions
can have a facilitative effect on the evolution of cooperation that sets in irrespective of particularities of the interaction
network. Indeed, an appropriate fraction of less fertile individuals may lead to full supremacy of cooperators where otherwise
defection would be widespread. By studying cooperation levels within the group of individuals having full reproduction capabilities,
we reveal that the recent mechanism for the promotion of cooperation is conceptually similar to the one reported previously
for scale-free networks. Our results suggest that the diversity in the reproduction capability, related to inherently different
attitudes of individuals, can enforce the emergence of cooperative behavior among selfish competitors. 相似文献
15.
Integrating the environmental factor into the strategy updating rule to promote cooperation in evolutionary games 下载免费PDF全文
Many previous studies have shown that the environment plays an important role for social individuals.In this paper,we integrate the environmental factor,which is defined as the average payoff of all a player’s neighbours,with the standard Fermi updating rule by introducing a tunable parameter,ω.It is found that the level of cooperation increases remarkably,and that the cooperators can better resist the invasion of defection with an increase in ω.This interesting phenomenon is then explained from a microscopic view.In addition,the universality of this mechanism is also proved with the help of the small-world network and the random regular graph.This work may be helpful in understanding cooperation behaviour in species from unicellular organisms up to human beings. 相似文献