基于相向工作方式下交叉增益调制型波长转换器特性的研究

全光波长转换器是密集波分复用系统中的关键光电子器件,也是混合WDM/OTDM光网络实用化的关键部分。从脉冲传输方程和载流子密度方程出发,详细分析了相向工作方式下交叉增益调制型波长转换器转换后光的消光比和啁啾特性。在分段动态模型中考虑了剩余端面反射和自发辐射噪声的影响,模拟结果为交叉增益调制型波长转换器的性能优化提供理论依据。     

WDM系统中碲基掺铒光纤放大器泵浦问题的理论研究

依据均匀加宽四能级结构速率方程组和光功率传输方程组, 对WDM系统中碲基掺铒光纤放大器（EDTFA）的泵浦问题进行了理论研究,给出了三种泵浦方式小信号和大信号状态下EDTFA信号增益分布曲线和放大的自发辐射（ASE）噪声功率谱,在此基础上探讨了EDTFA泵浦方式与信号增益、ASE噪声的关系.     

多波长双向抽运光纤拉曼放大器的优化设计

通过合理分析提出了便于计算多波长双向抽运光纤拉曼放大器信号及噪声功率的实用数值模型,给出求解信号和噪声功率的快速算法。在定义抽运方向度为前向抽运功率与总抽运功率值的比值后,通过对计算结果的分析发现信道平均放大自发辐射噪声功率随着抽运方向度的提高而单调递减;而信道平均双重瑞利散射噪声功率相对抽运方向度的变化曲线始终成U字形。不同的增益下存在对应的最优抽运方向度,在此抽运方向度下放大器总噪声最低。进而考虑在信号非线性失真的条件下提出了抽运方向度优化的衡量指标。优化后的多波长双向抽运方式不仅能保证对所有信道的平坦放大,而且其综合性能明显高于后向抽运方式。     

L波段掺铒光纤放大器的自发辐射谱与增益的研究

利用Giles模型对L波段掺铒光纤放大器小信号增益特性进行了数值模拟,模拟结果表明最佳铒纤长度并不是一定值,它随输入信号波长的不同而改变,较短的波长对应较短的光纤长度;在数值模拟、分析的基础上,分别采用7m和9m的L波段铒光纤构成长波段掺铒光纤放大器,通过实验测量,分析比较了它们的自发辐射谱以及增益和噪声指数,得到了光纤长度对L波段增益谱、噪声指数和自发辐射谱的影响规律;最后,辅以C波段掺铒光纤放大器加以分析,指出了适合于放大L波段信号的最佳自发辐射谱型。     

CO-FBMC/OQAM系统导频辅助的时域相位噪声补偿

对1550 nm铒镱共掺光纤放大器不同温度下的输出功率以及经过高温老化后的输出功率和光谱进行了实验研究。通过对比高温和常温下铒镱共掺光纤放大器的输出功率随泵浦功率的变化曲线,得出铒镱共掺光纤放大器在高温环境工作可提高输出功率,且不同长度的增益光纤对温度的敏感性不同的结论。以Arrhenius模型为加速老化模型对增益光纤进行温度为85℃、时间为876 h的加速老化实验,结果表明在常温环境工作5 y后铒镱共掺光纤放大器的输出功率将降低11.24%,放大的自发辐射噪声将增加4.1 dB,根据指数模型预测得到该放大器的使用寿命为7.57 y,这些结果为改善光纤放大器的输出性能和寿命预测提供了理论基础和实验依据。     

脉冲泵浦的掺镱光纤放大器中放大自发辐射动态变化模拟

在低重复率、高能量脉冲的应用场合,光纤放大器中采用脉冲泵浦的方式具有重要意义.本文模拟了脉冲泵浦方式下掺镱双包层增益光纤中放大自发辐射功率的动态变化,为优化脉冲泵浦方式提供了参考.通过有限元分析方法求解光纤中镱离子的速率方程和各光场的功率传输方程,模拟了正向泵浦条件下,泵浦脉冲开始后0~740 μs时间内光纤内部正向、反向放大自发辐射功率分布情况的动态变化以及光纤两端放大自发辐射输出功率随泵浦时间的变化.模拟结果发现了光纤两端正向、反向放大自发辐射功率增长速度的差异之处,以及光纤内部两种放大自发辐射功率分布动态演变的一些特征.     

基于LOA-XGM波长转换器消光比特性的数值分析

建立了基于一种新型光放大器（线性光放大器）的交叉增益调制波长转换理论模型.对交叉增益调制波长转换器同向工作方式下的输出消光比进行了分析,讨论了抽运光和探测光的波长和功率等参量对转换后信号消光比特性的影响.结果表明:随着抽运光波长的增加,波长转换器的输出消光比逐渐增大,但对于探测光波长的增加,消光比反而减小；增加抽运光功率和减小探测光功率都可以获得较大的消光比；波长向下转换时的消光比明显优于向上转换时的消光比.     

10kW峰值功率高脉冲能量全光纤结构2μm掺铥光纤激光器

基于增益开关技术在高掺杂浓度掺铥光纤中获得了稳定的2μm种子脉冲激光,输出激光中心波长为1 979.4nm,脉冲重复频率在1~100kHz之间可调,输出脉冲宽度变化范围为60~200ns。采用两级掺铥光纤放大器对该种子脉冲激光进行放大实验,当种子脉冲激光重复频率为20kHz时获得最大输出平均功率为17.2W,输出光谱没有观察到明显的放大自发辐射噪声。最大功率输出时,脉冲宽度为82ns,对应单脉冲能量为0.86mJ,脉冲峰值功率高于10kW。     

多级碱金属蒸气激光放大器的输出特性

在全面分析碱金属蒸气激光放大器的激光动力学与流体动力学过程的基础上,结合热效应、饱和放大效应、放大自发辐射、高能级激发与电离的影响,建立了一个相对完善的物理模型来模拟流动散热条件下半导体抽运碱金属蒸气激光放大器的输出特性。计算模拟了纵向和横向两种不同流动方式下,气体流速对输出功率的影响,比较分析了高抽运功率密度下各能级粒子数密度的变化趋势,最后模拟了各级放大器的功率分配比对提高级联放大器输出效率的作用。结果表明:在相同工作温度条件下,多个等长蒸气池和均等抽运光功率分配能让高级数放大器获得比低级数放大器更高的放大倍数。所提模型有助于高功率碱金属蒸气激光放大器的参量选择和优化设计。     

同带抽运高效率光纤放大器

以光纤光栅为谐振腔搭建了波长为1020 nm的光纤激光器,并通过两级级联放大获得了590 mW的最大输出功率. 利用获得的波长为1020 nm的激光进行了波长为1064 nm种子光同带抽运放大,实验研究了不同增益光纤长度时放大器的输出功率和转换效率. 当增益光纤长度为8.5 m时,放大器最大输出功率为385 mW,斜率效率为81%. 进行了波长为976 nm的半导体激光器直接抽运波长为1064 nm种子光的实验. 在增益光纤长度最优时,其斜率效率为56.4%. 实验结果表明,同带抽运方式比传统抽运方式具有更高的转换效率. 研究结果可为波长为1020 nm的激光高功率放大和波长为1064 nm的光纤激光高功率同带抽运放大提供一定的参考. 关键词： 同带抽运 光纤放大器 斜率效率     

Optimization of the power ratios of the bidirectional pumping at two wavelengths for erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

The gain and noise factor spectra of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with pumped according to a copropagating three-level scheme and according to a counterpropagating quasi-two-level scheme in the regime of unsaturated gain in the C band have been simulated numerically. It has been shown that, at the total pump power up to 30 mW and at the optimized power ratio of the copropagating and counterpropagating pumps, the inhomogeneity of the gain in the C band does not exceed 0.25 dB at the noise factor of 4.2–4.7 dB.     

Copropagating and counterpropagating pumps in second-order- pumped discrete fiber Raman amplifiers

The gains and noise figures of discrete second-order-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers utilizing copropagating and counterpropagating pump configurations were experimentally obtained, and the gain results were compared with computer simulations. It was found that the additional gain that is due to second-order Raman pumping is larger for the copropagating pumps than for the counterpropagating pumps, in agreement with simulations. In contrast to distributed second-order-pumped fiber Raman amplifiers, a slight increase in noise figure, by as much as ~1 dB was observed relative to the single-pump scheme. However, the advantages of second-order pumping in discrete amplifiers include greater flexibility in design of the gain distribution along the fiber and the ability to spectrally distribute the pump powers to avoid undesired nonlinear effects.     

An approach to enhance the receiver sensitivity with SOA for optical communication systems

In this paper, we investigate an SOA (semiconductor optical amplifier) preamplifier structure by optimizing the carrier lifetime in order to reduce the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise and crosstalk, with adequate gain increase. This proposed SOA optical preamplifier has no need of optical alignment and antireflection coating. This structure of SOA eliminates the need of optical filter, and exhibits large tolerance to the input light wavelength. The receiver sensitivity is investigated for single and multi channel transmission links. The received power of − 50.34 dBm is observed at bit error rate (BER) 10^− 12 for 10 Gb/s with PIN receiver. Further, the impact of gain, amplified spontaneous emission power and gain variation for different carrier lifetime with input power for OOK system is illustrated. The proposed SOA has constant gain of 30.06 dB up to gain saturation for carrier lifetime 0.18 ns. It is predicted that low value of carrier lifetime suffers less from ASE noise.     

Double-pass ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier with high gain coefficient and low noise figure

We have proposed and demonstrated a double-pass ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier using an optical circulator and a fiber Bragg grating as reflector. When the signal has passed through the ytterbium-doped fiber once, it reflects off a 0.2-nm passive fiber Bragg grating filter. This reduces amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise from the first pass. The input signal light is amplified both forward and backward through ytterbium-doped fiber. With this double-pass configuration, 1053.15-nm unsaturated signal gain of 28 dB, gain coefficient of 1.1 dB/mW, and noise figure of less than 4 dB are achieved at 977-nm pump power of 68 mW. It is also found that this double-pass configure provides enhancing gain coefficient and improving noise figure by comparison with single-pass configuration.     

Analysis of the gain and noise characteristics of fibre Brillouin amplifiers

A theoretical analysis is performed of the transfer characteristics, gain, amplified spontaneous emission noise, on/off ratio and nonlinear phase shift of a fibre Brillouin amplifier, taking into account a possible signal detuning from the line centre and the nonlinear pump power depletion effect. Among other features, it is shown that the amplified spontaneous emission noise is reduced at higher signal levels and that detuning the signal reduces the amplifier gain in the linear regime and increases the spontaneous noise power in the saturation regime. As a consequence, the on/off ratio is significantly degraded by such an effect.     

Efficient nonlinear phase shifts due to cascaded second-order processes in a counterpropagating quasi-phase-matched configuration

A counterpropagating quasi-phase-matched configuration is examined that is capable of efficiently producing second-order cascaded nonlinear phase shifts with minimal power lost to the second harmonic. For all-optical switching in a nonlinear Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the calculated minimum input power needed for switching (i.e., to yield a +/-pi/2 phase shift) is 40 times smaller than the power needed in the standard typeI copropagating configuration. The throughput of this counterpropagating device is 96% at the optimum switching point.     

High gain double-pass L-band EDFA with dispersion compensation as feedback loop

We demonstrate an efficient double-pass L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) incorporating chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG). The amplifier structure exploits the characteristics of CFBG to reflect the amplified signal back into the gain medium, filter out the recycled forward amplified spontaneous emission and block the residual 1480 nm pump power. The amplifier configuration has high gain and low noise figures as compared to double-pass EDFA using broadband mirror. The demonstrated amplifier has gain of more than 48 dB and low noise figure of less than 4 dB at low input signal power of −40 dBm.     

Dynamic model of slow light in a tensile-strained semiconductor optical amplifier

The slow light effect in semiconductor optical amplifiers has many potential applications in microwave photonics such as phase shifting and filtering. Models are needed to predict the slow light effect in SOAs and its dependence on the bias current, wavelength, and power and modulation index. In this paper we predict the slow light characteristics of a tensile-strained SOA by using a detailed time-domain model. The model includes full band-structure based calculations of the material gain, bimolecular recombination and spontaneous emission, a detailed carrier density rate equation and travelling-wave equations for the amplitude modulated signal and amplified spontaneous emission. The slow light parameters of interest include the beat signal phase shift and amplitude response. The model predictions show good agreement with experimental trends reported in the literature.     

Effect of copropagating and counterpropagating directions on a semiconductor optical amplifier-Mach-Zehnder interferometer based wavelength converter using a continuous-wave assist light

We experimentally investigate and compare the effects of copropagating and counterpropagating directions on a semiconductor optical amplifier-Mach-Zehnder interferometer based wavelength converter. When an assist light is not used, the copropagating scheme induces a long rise-fall time and small timing jitter, whereas the counterpropagating scheme induces a short rise-fall time and large timing jitter. The results show that the copropagating scheme with a backward assist light yields the best performance.     

带光隔离器的掺铒光纤放大器性能分析

本文通过速率方程对带光隔离器的掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)的性能进行了理论分析.由于光隔离器有效地抑制了反向传输的放大自发幅射(ASE),从而改善了掺铒光纤放大器的增益、噪音系数和输出功率等性能,分析结果表明光隔离器加在最佳位置时,可使小信号增益提高约5dB,噪音系数降低约1.6dB.