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《工程热物理学报》2016,(2)
为了深入研究逆布雷顿空气制冷机的降温特性与制冷性能,论文首先采用CFX数值模拟方法,对透平膨胀机冷端通流部分的流动与热力学过程进行了数值模拟,进一步对整机的热力性能进行了分析;在此基础上探讨了制动功率对膨胀机降温特性影响;并改进了逆布雷顿空气制冷机综合实验台,采用风机回路闭式循环,进行了定制动压力和定特性比两种典型制动策略下制冷机降温性能的实验研究。结果表明:通过调节风机闭式循环制动压力来匹配膨胀机工况的变化方案可行,理论预测与实验结果吻合较好;透平膨胀机的绝热效率62%,在120 min内制冷机最低无负荷出口温度达到了-170℃;采用透平膨胀机的逆布雷顿空气制冷机具有优异的制冷性能。 相似文献
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膨胀式空气涡轮火箭最大状态调节规律与性能分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《工程热物理学报》2016,(10)
为了阐明进气预冷膨胀式空气涡轮火箭发动机在最大状态下的部件匹配规律和性能特点,基于ε—NTU法建立了换热有效度随工况改变的预冷器模型,完成了氢燃料发动机的性能仿真与分析。增大涡轮前压力、燃料流量,同时减小尾喷管喉道和出口面积,可实现压气机工作点沿等物理转速线由堵塞区向喘振边界移动,压气机压比及燃空比均增大。在此过程中,发动机若在低马赫数工作,尾喷管内燃气总压、总温升高使推力增大;在近堵塞区域,压比迅速增大导致比冲上升;在近喘振区域,压比增大减缓,燃空比的上升导致比冲下降。若在高马赫数工作,高温米流使压气机工作于低折合转速区域,工作点在等物理转速线上由堵塞区向喘振边界移动时,燃空比增加补偿了空气流量下降导致的推力衰减,总推力基本保持不变;由于低折合转速下压比增大减缓,增大的燃空比使比冲下降。 相似文献
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脉冲管制冷机在更高频率下运行能够大幅提高能量密度,有利于系统体积与质量的减小。据此本文开展了300Hz级超高频电驱动同轴脉冲管制冷机的研究。首先分析了直线压缩机与制冷机匹配特性,通过调节前腔体积,使得压缩机在280 Hz附近谐振,并能够提供制冷机运行所需压比。实验中取得了最低无负荷冷头温度63.3 K,在80 K获得了1.0W的制冷量,消耗声功约为44 W,以声功计算相对卡诺效率达到6.2%。实验中系统考察了整机性能随惯性管长度、运行频率和平均压力的变化趋势。 相似文献
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高速列车在通过隧道或两车交会时,列车表面会产生很大的气压波动,此压力波动通过车体缝隙和换气风机、风道传入车内,引起车内空气压力较大波动,造成乘客耳鸣、耳痛等症状,影响乘坐舒适性;为了抑制高速列车车内压力波动,根据某型高速列车换气风机特性曲线与车体等效泄露关系,建立了换气风机频率可变的车内外空气压力传递数学模型;采用模糊控制策略,以车内压力、车内压力变化率为控制输入,对高速列车换气系统中的新风风机、废排风机运行频率进行调节;仿真结果表明:该控制方式能够提高现有换气系统对车内空气压力波动的抑制能力,提高乘坐舒适性。 相似文献
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对实际逆布雷顿循环空气制冷循环进行了热力学分析,对其循环性能进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,影响实际循环性能的主要因素有膨胀比、转动部件等熵效率、工作温度等;实际循环中存在一最优膨胀比;制冷机用作空调冷源时,膨胀比在最优膨胀比附近;最优膨胀比的大小受压缩机效率、膨胀机效率、换热器端部温度等因素影响。 相似文献
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燃气发生器采用高压空气加燃料燃烧的方式产生持续气流,为了保证发生器的效率和稳定性,燃气发生器对空气压力调节速度和精度要求很高。系统采用压力和位置串级控制方式,并结合模糊PID控制策略,通过优化控制参数,确保了大范围压力调节的动态响应和控制精度,通过试验验证,调压阀位置调节精度优于0.2%,在1.5MPa~5.8Mpa范围内,压力调节时间小于1秒, 压力控制误差小于0.1MPa。 相似文献
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Characterization of premixed swirling methane/air diffusion flame through filtered Rayleigh scattering 下载免费PDF全文
Characteristics of a premixed, swirl methane/air diffusion flame at atmospheric pressure are measured by filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS). Three operating conditions are investigated with the equivalence ratios of the methane/air flame covering a range of 0.67—0.83. Under each condition, single-shot and averaged FRS images over a region measured 39.3×65.6 mm2 at seven cross sections of the flame are collected to demonstrate the flame behavior. A gradient calculation algorithm is applied to identify reaction zone locations and structures in the instantaneous FRS measurements. Statistical analysis for the mean FRS measurements is performed by means of joint probability density functions. The experimental results indicate that thermochemical state of the swirl flame is strongly influenced by equivalence ratio, leading to varieties of flame structures and temperature distributions. The gradient of the instantaneous FRS images clearly illustrates the characteristics of the reaction zone. The results also demonstrate that FRS can provide detailed insights into the behavior of turbulent flames. 相似文献
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针对现有空气源热泵冷热水机组高温环境运行效果差、效率低、排气温度过高导致停机等问题,设计一套基于准双级压缩循环理论,以R410A为制冷剂的中压补气型空气源热泵冷热水机组。在50℃极端环境温度下,采用中压补气技术,对系统的制冷性能进行实验研究。结果表明:(1)系统出水温度由10℃增至15℃时,制冷量增加77.28%,EER提高59.02%,系统的制冷量、功率和EER均随出水温度的升高而增加;(2)相较不补气模式,系统排气温度由111.9℃降至106.23℃,制冷量由14.14 kW增至16.05 kW,可有效降低排气温度,提升制冷量,能更好提高系统超高温制冷时的稳定性。 相似文献
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《Combustion Theory and Modelling》2013,17(4):745-770
The propagation of one-dimensional detonations in hydrogen–air mixtures is investigated numerically by solving the one-dimensional Euler equations with detailed finite-rate chemistry. The numerical method is based on a second-order spatially accurate total-variation-diminishing scheme and a point implicit time marching algorithm. The hydrogen–air combustion is modelled with a 9-species, 19-step reaction mechanism. A multi-level, dynamically adaptive grid is utilized, in order to resolve the structure of the detonation. Parametric studies for an equivalence ratio range of 0.4–2.0, initial pressure range of 0.2–0.8 bar and different degrees of detonation overdrive demonstrate that the detonation is unstable for low degrees of overdrive, but the dynamics of wave propagation varies with fuel–air equivalence ratio and pressure. For equivalence ratios less than approximately 1.2 and for all pressures, the detonation exhibits a short-period oscillatory mode, characterized by high-frequency, low-amplitude waves. Richer mixtures exhibit a period-doubled bifurcation that depends on the initial pressure. Parametric studies over a degree of overdrive range of 1.0–1.2 for stoichiometric mixtures at 0.42 bar initial pressure indicate that stable detonation wave propagation is obtained at the high end of this range. For degrees of overdrive close to one, the detonation wave exhibits a low-frequency mode characterized by large fluctuations in the detonation wave speed. The McVey–Toong short-period wave-interaction theory is in qualitative agreement with the numerical simulations; however, the frequencies obtained from their theory are much higher, especially for near-stoichiometric mixtures at high pressure. Modification of this theory to account for the finite heat-release time significantly improves agreement with the numerically computed frequency over the entire equivalence ratio and pressure ranges. 相似文献
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The effect of collimation to the alpha-particle energy spectra was investigated for two different types of air filters, when the measurements were performed at ambient air pressure. Significant improvement of the energy resolution is possible if appropriate collimator is used. This is because only those alpha particles are detected entering the detector almost perpendicularly. We also show that although in-situ alpha spectrometry from air filters at ambient air pressure and with good energy resolution is possible, the accumulation of alpha-particle emitting aerosols in the surface of the collimator and the detector may deteriorate the registered spectrum. Therefore, the presence of possible spurious alpha peaks must be taken into account in continuous air monitoring. 相似文献