A geometrical framework for dyons in the presence of the dilaton and the axion in four dimensions

The action of the bosonic sector of the effective field theory induced by heterotic strings in four dimensions, which is relevant (for instance) to the study of dyons (Shapere et al. in Mod Phys Lett A6: 2677, 1991), is re-interpreted geometrically by using the new concept of ‘D-Differentiation’. This extends the authors’ geometrical unification of the Einstein–Maxwell theory.     

Neutrino mass patterns, R-parity violating supersymmetry and associated phenomenology

Motivated by the recent super-Kamiokande results on atmospheric neutrinos, we incorporate massive neutrinos, with large angle oscillation between the second and third generations, in a theory with R-parity violating supersymmetry. The general features of such a theory are briefly reviewed. We emphasize its testability through the observation of comparable numbers of muons and taus, produced together with the W-boson, in decays of the lightest neutralino. A distinctly measurable decay gap is another remarkable feature of such a scenario.     

Nematic ordering problem as the polymer problem of the excluded volume

Based on a solution of the polymer excluded volume problem, a technique is proposed to estimate some parameters at the isotropic-nematic liquid crystal phase transition (the product of the volume fraction of hard sticks and the ratio of the stick length, L, to its diameter, D; the maximum value of this ratio at which one cannot regard the stick as hard). The critical exponents are estimated. The transition of a swelling polymer coil to ideal is revealed as the polymerization degree of a macromolecule increases. The entanglement concentration obtained agrees with experimental data for polymers with flexible chains. The number of monomers between neighbor entanglements is assumed to be the ratio L/D. A comparison of the theory with other ones and recent experimental data is made.     

Testing approximate theories of first-order phase transitions on the two-dimensional Potts model

The two-dimensional,q-state (q>4) Potts model is used as a testing ground for approximate theories of first-order phase transitions. In particular, the predictions of a theory analogous to the Ramakrishnan-Yussouff theory of freezing are compared with those of ordinary mean-field (Curie-Wiess) theory. It is found that the Curie-Weiss theory is a better approximation than the Ramakrishnan-Yussouff theory, even though the former neglects all fluctuations. It is shown that the Ramakrishnan-Yussouff theory overestimates the effects of fluctuations in this system. The reasons behind the failure of the Ramakrishnan-Yussouff approximation and the suitability of using the two-dimensional Potts model as a testing ground for these theories are discussed.     

LocalH-theorem for a kinetic variational theory

A localH-theorem is derived for a recently proposed extension of Enskog kinetic theory to a dense model fluid composed of particles with interactions extending beyond a hard core.On leave from: Katedra Fizyki, Uniwersytetu Szczecinskiego, 70-451 Szczecin, Poland.     

New Variational Perturbation Theory Based on q−Deformed Oscillator

A new variational perturbation theory is developed based on the q−deformed oscillator. It is shown that the new variational perturbation method provides 200 and 10 times better accuracy for the ground state energy of anharmonic oscillator than the Gaussian and the post Gaussian approximation, respectively, for weak coupling.     

Calculating the C Operator in PT-symmetric Quantum Mechanics

It has recently been shown that a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian H possessing an unbroken PT symmetry (i) has a real spectrum that is bounded below, and (ii) defines a unitary theory of quantum mechanics with positive norm. The proof of unitarity requires a linear operator C, which was originally defined as a sum over the eigenfunctions of H. However, using this definition it is cumbersome to calculate C in quantum mechanics and impossible in quantum field theory. An alternative method is devised here for calculating C directly in terms of the operator dynamical variables of the quantum theory. This new method is general and applies to a variety of quantum mechanical systems having several degrees of freedom. More importantly, this method can be used to calculate the C operator in quantum field theory. The C operator is a new time-independent observable in PT-symmetric quantum field theory.     

Ground State and Spin-Glass Phase of the Large-N Infinite-Range Spin Glass via Supersymmetry

The large-N infinite-range spin glass is considered, in particular, the number of spin components k needed to form the ground state and the sample-to-sample fluctuations in the Lagrange multiplier field on each site. The physical significance of k for the correlation functions is discussed. The difference between the large-N and spherical spin glass is emphasized; a slight difference between the average Lagrange multiplier of the large-N and spherical spin glasses is derived, leading to a slight increase in the energy of the ground state compared to the naive expectation. Further, there is a change in the low-energy density of excitations in the large-N system. A form of level repulsion, similar to that found in random matrix theory, is found to exist in this system, surviving interactions. Even though the system is an interacting one, a supersymmetric formalism is developed to deal with the problem of averaging over disorder.     

H-theorem for a linear kinetic theory

A strongH-theorem is proved for the approximate linear kinetic theory of Bawzdziewicz and Cichocki, obtained by truncating a transformed hierarchy of evolution equations. For an ith truncation we define an entropy functional that is strictly increasing in time, unless the ith reduced distribution function depends on position coordinates only. It also follows that the only stationary solution of the linear kinetic theory is the equilibrium solution. In addition, we show that the usual symmetry properties of equilibrium time correlation functions are preserved by the approximate kinetic theory under consideration.On leave of absence from Institute of Physics, Szczecin University, Wielkopolska 15, Szczecin, Poland.     

Annealedn-vectorp-spin model

A disorderedn-vector model withp spin interactions is introduced and studied in mean field theory for the annealed case. We present complete solutions for the casesn=2 andn=3, and have obtained explicit order parameter equations for all the stable solutions for arbitraryn. For alln andp we find one stable high-temperature phase and one stable low-temperature phase. The phase transition is of first order. Forn=2, it is continuous in the order parameters for p4 and has a jump discontinuity in the order parameters ifp>4. Forn=3, it has a jump discontinuity in the order parameters for allp.     

Brief comment on W. S. Warren et al II: Optical NMR and the B(3) field

It is pointed out that the only possible artifact, free opticalNMR (ONMR) shift of up to 0.1Hz reported by Warrenet al. [1] is the same precisely, 0.1Hz, as that predicted byB ³ theory. However, the great majority of the data by Warrenet al. are almost completely artifactual and cannot be used to discriminate between differentONMR mechanisms with any objectivity. Some references toB ³ theory andrecent ONMR data uncited by Warrenet al. are pointed out, data which show that the Warren group–s failure to see very well known [2,3] polarization-dependent effects of irradiation inNMR is a major design failure, not one of theory.     

高能重离子碰撞中的J/ψ反常抑制现象

对NA50合作组给出的入射动量为158A GeV/c的Pb-Pb碰撞中的J/ψ反常抑制现象进行了分析.在J/ψ的核与随动者吸收理论基础上，假设了QGP相变在对心Pb-Pb碰撞中的产生及QGP环境对J/ψ粒子100%的吸收效应，从而改进了高能重离子碰撞中的J/ψ微分产生截面，理论较好地解释了实验结果. 关键词： J/ψ反常抑制')" href="#">J/ψ反常抑制 核吸收 随动者 夸克-胶子等离子体     

On the Dynamics of Kac p-Spin Glasses

This paper discusses the dynamical properties of p-spin models with Kac interactions. For large but finite interaction range R one finds two different well separated time scales for relaxation. A first short time scale, roughly independent of R, on which the system remains confined to limited regions of the configuration space and an R dependent long time scale on which the system is able to escape from the confining regions. I will argue that the R independent time scales can be described through dynamical mean field theory, while non-perturbative new techniques have to be used to deal with the R dependent scales.     

Quantum mechanics with difference operators

A formulation of quantum mechanics with additive and multiplicative (q-) difference operators instead of differential operators is studied from first principles. Borel-quantisation on smooth configuration spaces is used as guiding quantisation method. After a short discussion this method is translated step-by-step to a framework based on difference operators. To restrict the resulting plethora of possible quantisations additional assumptions motivated by simplicity and plausibility are required. Multiplicative difference operators and the corresponding q-Borel kinematics are given on the circle and its N-point discretisation; the connection to q-deformations of the Witt algebra is discussed. For a “natural” choice of the q-kinematics a corresponding q-difference evolution equation is obtained. This study shows general difficulties for a generalisation of a physical theory from a known one to a “new” framework.     

一种双模叠加态光场的两种非线性高阶压缩效应

本文在发展现有理论的基础上提出了双模及多模辐射场的两种非线性高阶压缩(即N次方Y压缩和N次方H压缩)的定义,根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理构造了一美双模叠加志光场|ψ>,对|ψ>的N次方Y压缩及N次方H压缩效应进行了详细研究.结果表明:双模叠加态光场|ψ>是一种典型的非经典光场,它可具有任意阶的N次方Y压缩及N次方H压缩效应;并且,在一定的条件下,这两种非线性高阶压缩效应均可呈现出周期性变化的特性.文献7的单模辐射场振幅N次方压缩的定义,仅仅是本文所提出的N次方Y压缩和N次方H压缩这两种非线性高阶压缩的一般定义在k=1条件下的特例.     

随机脉冲微分方程的p阶矩稳定性和参激白噪声作用下Lorenz系统的脉冲同步

考察了随机脉冲微分系统的p阶矩稳定性问题,在更符合脉冲系统一般假设的情况下,建立了条件更弱的随机脉冲微分系统p阶矩稳定性判定定理.并应用该判定定理,考察了参激白噪声作用下Lorenz系统的脉冲同步问题,证明了同步误差系统的p阶矩稳定性,从而说明在p阶矩的意义下,两个系统是可以用脉冲方法实现同步的.数值模拟验证了随机Lorenz系统脉冲同步的可行性. 关键词： 随机脉冲微分方程 p阶矩稳定性')" href="#">p阶矩稳定性 脉冲 同步     

基于辐照前1/f噪声的金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管辐照退化模型

基于金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)噪声的载流子数涨落和迁移率涨落理论,建立了MOSFET辐照前1/f噪声参量与辐照后分别由氧化层陷阱和界面陷阱诱使阈值电压漂移之间的定量数学模型,并通过实验予以验证.研究结果表明,辐照诱生的氧化层陷阱通过俘获和发射过程与沟道交换载流子,在引起载流子数涨落的同时也通过库仑散射导致沟道迁移率的涨落,因此辐照前的1/f噪声幅值正比于辐照诱生的氧化层陷阱数.利用该模型对MOSFET辐照前1/f噪声与辐照退化的相关性从理论上 关键词： f噪声')" href="#">1/f噪声 辐照 金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管 陷阱     

Magnetic and electric birefringence in the isotropic phase of nematic liquid crystals

A theory is developed of the anomalous magnetic and electric birefringence in the isotropic phase of nematic liquid crystals taking into account orientational correlations between neighbouring molecules. Use is made of a modification of Bethe’s method due to Krieger and James, and the properties of the system are derived in terms of a single parameter, viz., the two-particle interaction constant. The expressions for the magnetic and electric birefringence are similar in form to those given by the phenomenological model of de Gennes. Theoretical curves forp-azoxyanisole reproduce the trends in the observed data. A calculation of the nematic-isotropic transition point confirms that this treatment is an improvement over the mean field approximation in describing pre-transition phenomena in the isotropic phase.     

SU(2)×SU(2) Electroweak Theory I: The B3 Field on the Physical Vacuum

Nonlinear optics confronts the U(1) theory of electrodynamics with the dilemma of the existence of nonlinear fields. The U(1) group is completely linear and Abelian and causes consideration of an SU(2) theory of electrodynamics. An SU(2) theory of electrodynamics, with a B ³ magnetic field, means that physics is forced to consider an SU(2) × SU(2) electroweak theory. It is then demonstrated that the B ³ field exists on the physical vacuum defined by the Higgs symmetry breaking of this extended electroweak theory.