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1.
锆钴氢化物中氢氚的互排代研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
研究了一维排代条件下,ZrCo-H体系上气-固间氢氚的互相排代特性,实验结果表明,氢氚间可以互相排代,影响排代效果的主要因素有:固相表面积、温度和气相流速。在粉化较好的ZrCo颗粒(≥48目)和较高的温度下(~85℃),气相流速提高到1.3NL/cm^2min还具有较理想的排代效果。氚丰度的流出曲线可以用塔板理论描述,且具有较小的塔板高度。  相似文献   

2.
LaNi5和LaNi4.7Al0.3氢化物柱内氢氘间的排代   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
进行了室温附近LaNi5和LaNi4.7Al0.3两种材料上气-固 间氢氘的排代实验。两种材料的排代效果都较好,相比之下,LaNi5的更优。可以推测, 在不要求得到高纯氚的情况下,都可以用作氚的冷卸载贮存床。初步的理论探讨揭示,气- 固界面的化学交换反应是产生排代效应的原因,宏观交换规律决定排代效果。理想化的塔板 理论模型对排代流出曲线的描述是有效和适用的,塔板高度是材料排代性能优劣的指标,在 确定的排代条件下,如果塔板高度小于1.0 cm,应该认为具有较好的排代效果。  相似文献   

3.
进行了室温附近LaNi5和LaNi4 .7Al0 .3 两种材料上气 固间氢氘的排代实验。两种材料的排代效果都较好 ,相比之下 ,LaNi5的更优。可以推测 ,在不要求得到高纯氚的情况下 ,都可以用作氚的冷卸载贮存床。初步的理论探讨揭示 ,气 固界面的化学交换反应是产生排代效应的原因 ,宏观交换规律决定排代效果。理想化的塔板理论模型对排代流出曲线的描述是有效和适用的 ,塔板高度是材料排代性能优劣的指标 ,在确定的排代条件下 ,如果塔板高度小于 1.0cm ,应该认为具有较好的排代效果。  相似文献   

4.
用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法在6-311 G(d,p)水平上对Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)分子较低能量的几何构型进行了优化.计算结果表明该分子有两个可能基态,即Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)(2A′)Cs和Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)(2B2)C2v.全电子计算了氢同位素分子及Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)的能量E、定容热容CV和熵S.应用电子振动近似理论,即用单个分子Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)中的电子和振动能量和熵近似代表它们处于固态时的能量和熵,计算得到固体Al2O3的氢化热力学函数ΔH0,ΔS0,ΔG0以及平衡压力与温度的关系.当Al2O3吸附氢(氘,氚)形成C2v对称性气态Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)对应的固体时,氢气可以排代氘气,氘气可以排代氚气.这种排代效应非常不明显;形成Cs对称性气态Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)对应的固体时,反应的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序为氚排代氘,氘排代氢,与钛等的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序相反.总体而言,这种排代效应都非常弱.随着温度的增加,这一系列反应的氢氘氚排代效应趋于消失.  相似文献   

5.
用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6.311++g(d,P)基组水平上对A12O3X2(X=H,D,T)分子的可能较低能量构型进行了几何优化.结果表明该分子的基态电子态和对称性为A12O3X2(X=H,D,T)(1A’)G,计算了氢同位素分子及A12O3X2(X=H,D,T)的电子能量E、定容热容Cv和熵S.用电子振动近似方法计算了固体A12O3的氢化热力学函数△H0,△S0,△G0,以及平衡压力与温度的关系.当A1203吸附氢(氘,氚)形成固体时,反应的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序为氚排代氘,氘排代氢,与钛等金属与氢及其同位素反应的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序相反.总体来说,这种排代效应都非常弱.随着温度的增加,这系列反应的氢氘氚排代效应趋于消失.  相似文献   

6.
 利用路径积分蒙特卡罗方法,研究了压力和温度变化对固氘掺锂体系的影响。结果表明,在高压条件下(0.9~2.4 GPa),锂原子掺入固体氘后,要占据五个氘分子空位形成稳定结构。温度变化不能改变这一五空位占据。固氘掺锂体系锂原子吸收谱随压力和温度的变化趋势类似于固氢掺锂体系锂原子吸收谱随压力和温度变化的趋势。但在某一固定压力和温度点,这两种吸收谱却由于氘分子和氢分子零点振动的不同有着明显的差异。随着温度或压力的增加,这两种吸收谱间的差异越来越小。  相似文献   

7.
杨雷  谌晓洪  王玲  胡连瑞 《物理学报》2012,(23):155-163
用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311++g(d,p)基组水平上对Al2O3X2(X=H,D,T)分子的可能较低能量构型进行了几何优化.结果表明该分子的基态电子态和对称性为Al2O3X2(X=H,D,T)(1A′)Cs,计算了氢同位素分子及Al2O3X2(X=H,D,T)的电子能量E、定容热容CV和熵S.用电子振动近似方法计算了固体Al2O3的氢化热力学函数△H0,△S0,△G0,以及平衡压力与温度的关系.当Al2O3吸附氢(氘,氚)形成固体时,反应的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序为氚排代氘,氘排代氢,与钛等金属与氢及其同位素反应的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序相反.总体来说,这种排代效应都非常弱.随着温度的增加,这系列反应的氢氘氚排代效应趋于消失.  相似文献   

8.
任桂明  郑圆圆  王丁  王林  谌晓洪  王玲  马敏  刘华兵 《物理学报》2014,63(23):233104-233104
在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上预测了Al2O3H3分子的较低能量构型.其基态构型具有C s对称性,电子态为1A′.通过研究Al2O3M3和M2(M=H,D,T)的能量E、定容热容C V和熵S,用电子振动近似讨论了Al2O3+3/2M2→Al2O3M3反应的氢同位素效应,得到了Al2O3氢化的热力学函数?H0,?S0,?G0,及平衡压力与温度的关系.研究表明,氧化物Al2O3吸附氢(氘,氚)反应的同位素排代效应顺序为氚排代氘,氘排代氢,与钛等金属的同位素排代顺序相反.但排代效应都非常弱,且随着温度的增加趋于消失.  相似文献   

9.
金属钛作为高真空环境下的贮氢材料,具有易氢脆和固氦能力差等固有缺陷。金属铪和钛同为VIB族元素,贮氢体积密度相近,但铪的吸氢体胀率(15%)远小于钛的(24%),因而可望在抗氢脆方面较钛有所改善。文中研究铪吸氘反应动力学,获得铪氘反应的速率常数和表观活化能,从而评价铪吸氘的动力学性能。  相似文献   

10.
每种物质在不同压力和温度下可以是以气体、液体或固体的形态存在,或者说可以是以气相、液相或固相存在.在一定的压力和温度条件下,物质从一相转变为另一相,这种物理现象统称为相变.一般地,由气相转变为液相称为凝结,其逆过程,即液相转变为气相称为汽化;由液相转变为固相称为凝固,而由固相转变为液相称为熔解;有时固  相似文献   

11.
Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.  相似文献   

12.
A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.  相似文献   

13.
The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.  相似文献   

14.
15.
A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.  相似文献   

16.
Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·104 Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.  相似文献   

17.
A transient suppression method for piezoelectric ceramic transducer is presented. By adding some special pedestal pulses to the original transmitted signal, the transient effects in the output of the transducer can be just precisely transmission by use of a narrowband transducer. canceled, thereby achieving the broadband The experimental results show that the transient responses of the sinusoid pulses and coded signals are suppressed successfully and the acoustic waveforms radiated into the surrounding water are improved significantly.  相似文献   

18.
We experimentally demonstrate amplitude squeezed soliton utilizing intensity-dependent self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer.The system.whose components are connected via ferrule connector/physical connection(FC/PC)fiber connectors,constitutes all-fiber configuration to generate squeezed soliton.Soliton amplitude reduction measured by homodyne detection is near 4.0 dB below the shot-noise level.Optimal squeezing fields in both simple and compact all-fiber configuration are obtained.  相似文献   

19.
The(2 1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr(o)dinger(NLS)equation with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities is investigated,which describes propagation of light in(2 1)-dimensional nonlinear optical media with inhomogeneous nonlinearities.New types of optical modes and nonlinear effects in optical media are presented numerically.The results reveal that the regular split of beam can be obtained in (2 1)-dimensional nonlinear optical media with inhomogeneous nonlinearities,by adjusting the guiding parameter.Furthermore,the stability of beam regular split is discussed numerically,and the results reveal that the beam regular split is stable to the finite initial perturbations.  相似文献   

20.
In the real-world application of face recognition system, owing to the difficulties of collecting samples or storage space of systems, only one sample image per person is stored in the system, which is so-called one sample per person problem. Moreover, pose and illumination have impact on recognition performance. We propose a novel pose and illumination robust algorithm for face recognition with a single training image per person to solve the above limitations. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is an efficient and practical approach for face recognition.  相似文献   

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