利用热平衡态超导电荷量子比特实现量子隐形传态

本文利用处于热平衡态的两个相同超导电荷量子比特纠缠态作为量子隐形传态的信道,给出标准量子隐形传态协议下传递单量子比特态和两量子比特态的纠缠以及非标准协议下传递单量子比特态时平均保真度的解析表达式,研究其随温度、约瑟夫森能等系统参数的变化情况．计算结果表明,在标准量子隐形传态协议下传递两量子比特之间的纠缠以及非标准量子隐形传态协议下传递单量子比特态时可以实现接近理想的量子隐形传态．     

我国科学家开辟量子纠缠态研究新途径

中科院武汉物理与数学研究所研究员陈泽乾从数学的角度证实了物理学家的猜测——多体量子位体系的最大纠缠态就是GHZ态．其研究论文《Bell-Klyshko不等式对多体量子位体系的最大纠缠态的刻画》．在国际物理学界的权威刊物《物理评论快报》最新一期上发表．     

多光子纠缠实验新进展--五光子纠缠技术及终端开放的隐形传态实验

在实验上发展了多光子纠缠技术,利用已有的四光子纠缠技术结合新发展的单光子源技术,在世界上第一次实现了五光子纠缠．并在此基础上实现了新型的量子隐形传态——终端开放的隐形传态．实验结果在量子力学基础问题的检验、信息论、密码学和量子计算等重要应用方向上,都具有显著的意义和价值．实验方法将大大促进未来网络化量子通信、线性光学量子计算、量子力学基础检验等重要科学问题的研究。     

六光子量子纠缠态的制备

我们提出了一个完全基于量子擦除概念上的六光子纠缠态的制备方案。首先，提出了利用一组四纠缠光子来制备六光子纠缠态的方案。接着，运用同样的技术，通过五粒子纠缠和Bell态的相互作用来制备六光子纠缠态。我们的实验方案可以应用于以测量为基础的量子计算和多体量子通信领域的研究。我们发现该方案成功的概率取决于纠缠态的系数。     

利用楔角KTP晶体实现低阈值非简并光学参量放大器的运转

非简并光学参量放大器产生的纠缠态光场是连续变量量子信息科学研究的重要资源。随着量子网络及量子计算的发展,需要更多组份纠缠态光场来完成对更复杂的量子信息的研究。一般的多组份纠缠态光场是将多个压缩态光场或者Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)纠缠态光场通过不同的分束器阵列耦合而成,需要同时制备多个经典相干的EPR纠缠态光场。采用带楔角的非线性晶体,使非简并光学参量放大器的振荡阈值从原来的250mW降低至45mW,当注入腔内抽运光功率为23mW时,依然可以得到正交振幅及相位分量关联噪声分别低于量子噪声极限5.5dB的EPR纠缠态光场。在此基础上,可以使用一台激光器同时抽运多个非简并光学参量放大器来获得所希望的多组份纠缠态光场。     

电子自旋辅助实现光子偏振态的量子纠缠浓缩

量子纠缠浓缩可以将非最大的纠缠态转变为最大纠缠态,提高量子通信的安全性.本文基于圆偏振光和量子点-腔系统的相互作用,用一个单光子作为连接远距离纠缠光子对的桥梁,在理想条件下实现了光子偏振纠缠态的浓缩.计算结果显示,这个纠缠浓缩方案在考虑耦合强度和腔泄漏的情况下也可以保持较高的保真度,而且不需要知道部分纠缠态的初始信息,也不必重复执行纠缠浓缩过程.这不仅提高了量子纠缠浓缩的安全性,也有助于通过消耗最少的量子资源来实现高效的量子信息处理.     

构造纠缠目击的一般方法

量子纠缠作为量子通信和量子计算过程中不可缺少的资源,在量子信息领域中有着广泛的应用.如何判定一个给定的量子态是否为纠缠态仍然是一个重要的课题.纠缠目击是一种特殊的自伴算子,它可以用来判断一个量子态是否为纠缠态.本文首先从纠缠目击的定义入手,给出构造纠缠目击的一般方法,证明了当一个可测量A在可分纯态上的最大期望CA严格小于它的最大特征值λ_(max)(A)时,对任何满足条件C_A≤Cλ_(max)(A)的参数C,算子W_C=CI-A都是一个纠缠目击;然后,作为应用得到了利用图态的稳定子构造纠缠目击的一系列方法.     

我国科学家实现六光子薛定谔猫态

中国科技大学微尺度物质科学国家实验室潘建伟教授和同事杨涛、陆朝阳等，最近通过实验成功制备出国际上纠缠光子数最多的薛定谔猫态和可以直接用于量子计算的簇态，刷新光子纠缠和量子计算领域的两项世界纪录．该项研究成果以封面标题的形式发表在最新一期英国《自然》杂志的子刊《自然一物理》上．审稿人评价其是“光学量子计算领域至今最先进的实验工作”和“一个出色的成就，为量子计算、量子纠错和量子力学基本问题的研究铺平了道路”．     

光子两自由度超并行量子计算与超纠缠态操控

光子系统在量子信息处理和传输过程中有非常重要的应用. 譬如, 利用光子与原子(或人工原子)之间的相互作用, 可以完成信息的安全传输、存储和快速的并行计算处理等任务. 光子系统具有多个自由度, 如极化、空间模式、轨道角动量、时间-能量、频率等自由度. 光子系统的多个自由度可以同时应用于量子信息处理过程. 超并行量子计算利用光子系统多个自由度的光量子态同时进行量子并行计算, 使量子计算具有更强的并行性, 且需要的量子资源少, 更能抵抗光子数损耗等噪声的影响. 多个自由度同时存在纠缠的光子系统量子态称为超纠缠态, 它能够提高量子通信的容量与安全性, 辅助完成一些重要的量子通信任务. 在本综述中, 我们简要介绍了光子系统两自由度量子态在量子信息中的一些新应用, 包括超并行量子计算、超纠缠态分析、超纠缠浓缩和纯化三个部分.     

量子高斯态的纠缠原因分析

量子纠缠是实现量子计算和量子通信的关键因素,纠缠是量子信息论中的一种资源.量子高斯态是最重要的量子连续变量态,关于量子高斯态的纠缠条件,纠缠度量等已有许多研究.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.