基于TDLAS平衡差分技术的CO气体检测

利用可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)结合平衡差分探测技术测量了1.578 μm附近的CO气体3-0带P(4)跃迁在不同压强和不同浓度下的吸收光谱信号。由于平衡差分探测方法可以有效地抑制激光光强波动、温度漂移和机械振动等共模噪声,从而提高了光谱探测灵敏度。通过与直接吸收信号相比,平衡差分的信噪比提高了3.4倍,探测极限为87 ppmv。测量了浓度为1%压强为40,55,70和85 Torr时的CO气体,结果显示在70 Torr时其光谱信号最强。并且,利用直接吸收和平衡差分技术测量了不同浓度的CO气体在总压强在70 Torr时的光谱信号,发现平衡差分技术光谱强度与浓度的关系线性度符合较好,其测量误差小于5%。为了进一步验证系统的稳定性,连续采集了324 s的光谱信号,最后通过Allan方差分析,发现本实验系统的最佳探测时间为38 s,探测极限为47.8 ppmv。     

基于可调谐激光的CO监测仪的不确定度评定

采用可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)对CO气体的浓度进行测量,应用整体二次谐波最小二乘法对测量信号的实验数据进行反演处理。基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术, 对CO在线监测仪测量结果的不确定度来源进行了分析, 采用直接评定法对各种因素引起的不确定度分量、标准不确定度和合成不确定度进行了评定。实验结果表明, 仪器示值引入的不确定度、标准气体浓度定值的不确定度以及环境温度变化和电源电压波动引入的不确定度是影响测量不确定度的主要因素。     

高分辨率高灵敏度可调谐近红外二极管激光光谱探测

根据近红外可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)和波长调制光谱技术(WMS)的原理,设计了一套可调谐近红外二极管激光光谱仪,在实验室结合长程吸收池,对各种浓度的CO2进行了测量。测量结果表明,在170m吸收程时,可以探测压力为1．9995Pa的CO2,比原来的实验结果有很大提高a     

光谱学 激光光谱学

O433.54 2006042918可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱法监测大气痕量气体中的浓度标定方法研究=Concentration calibration method of am-bient trace-gas monitoring with tunable diode laser absorp-tion spectroscopy[刊,中]/阚瑞峰(中科院安徽光机所环境光学与技术重点实验室.安徽,合肥(230031)) ,刘文清…∥光谱学与光谱分析.—2006 ,26(3) .—392-395可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱法是在可调谐二极管激光器与长光程吸收池技术相结合的基础上发展起来的一种新的痕量气体检测方法。在大部分痕量气体检测仪器中需要精确地对检测气体进行在线的浓度…     

基于TDLAS的痕量CO浓度检测系统及温压补偿

利用可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)实现气体高灵敏度,高精度的非接触式检测。为避免二次谐波信号随环境中温度和压强的改变导致实测出现较大误差,需对测得的气体浓度进行温压补偿。实验以2332nm波长作为CO的中心吸收波长,以质量分数125×10~(-6),1001×10~(-6),1701×10~(-6)的CO作为实验气体。提出了利用BP神经网络补偿模型,并采用遗传算法(GA)与粒子群算法(PSO)优化BP,修正受温压影响的标气浓度,并进行了仿真测试对比。实验结果表明,采用PSO优化BP补偿效果最好,修正后的CO浓度平均相对误差约为1.55%,有效提高了CO气体检测系统的精度。     

脉冲CO2激光器的多频动力学模型

建立了适用于各种气压下(20×133-20×105 Pa)的脉冲CO2激光器的六温度多频动力学模型,该模型考虑了增益谱线重叠效应,序列带、热带的影响,以及非洛伦兹线型效应.对模型进行数值求解可以预言和解释不同气压下的脉冲CO2激光器的输出特性,有助于评价不同的抽运设计和研究可调谐特性,为设计脉冲CO2激光系统提供理论支持.     

基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱遥测CH4浓度

文章对可调谐二极管激光的直接吸收和波长调制光谱进行了理论分析,设计了一套用于研究甲烷吸收特性的测量系统.近红外二极管激光工作在室温下,选用波长为1.65 μm,利用甲烷的2v3带R(3)线实现对甲烷气体的吸收测量,对测量的信噪比和系统的基本噪声源进行了分析,为实现甲烷浓度的在线遥测打下基础.     

可调谐掺铥光纤激光器线宽压缩及其超光谱吸收应用

可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术是一种应用非常广泛的吸收光谱测量技术.利用宽带可调谐窄线宽光源进行吸收光谱测量的超光谱吸收技术可以在单次扫描中获取一段连续光谱的所有吸收数据,可大大提高可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术的数据信息容量和光谱诊断能力.分析了在2μm波段对水进行超光谱吸收测量时对激光器输出线宽的具体要求.利用掺铥光纤在2μm波段较宽的发射谱,采用可调谐法布里-珀罗滤波器和光纤可饱和吸收体相结合的技术方案搭建了一台宽带调谐窄线宽的2μm光纤激光器.获得了1840—1900 nm约60 nm范围的调谐光谱输出,激光器静态线宽仅为0.05 nm.利用该光源对空气中水在2μm波段的吸收光谱数据进行了超光谱吸收测量,在1856—1886 nm约30 nm的光谱范围内分辨了35条水的吸收谱线.通过对不同线宽条件下1870—1880 nm范围内的理论吸收光谱数据进行对比发现,测量数据无法有效分辨分别位于1873 nm和1877 nm处与强吸收线相邻的两条吸收谱线,且测量结果与激光线宽在0.08 nm条件下的HITRAN2012光谱数据库最为接近.这表明,在动态扫描过程中激光器的线宽得到了展宽.     

基于可调谐激光吸收光谱的大气甲烷监测仪

可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术利用二极管激光器波长调谐特性,获得被测气体的特征吸收光谱范围内的吸收光谱,从而对污染气体进行定性或者定量分析,这种方法不仅精度较高,选择性强而且响应速度快,已经被用于大气痕量气体监测以及工业控制。在对空气中的痕量气体进行检测中,由于气体浓度较低,需要和长吸收光程技术相结合。将可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱与经过108次反射后达到27 m光程的多次反射池相结合研制了用于地面环境空气中甲烷含量监测的便携式吸收光谱仪,并结合了用于微弱信号检测的二次谐波检测技术,从而达到了体积分数低于1×10-7的检测限,并利用不同体积分数的甲烷气体对系统进行了测试,得到了很好的测试结果。     

近红外波段CO高灵敏检测的稳定性研究

本文采用中心波长1566.64 nm的DFB激光器, 结合光程长度为56.7 m 的多次反射池, 对不同浓度的CO气体进行了长时间测量, 分析了系统的稳定性和线性度. 通过计算Allan方差, 预测了在积分时间为30 s时, 系统检测极限为0.25 ppmv, 基本上实现了在近红外波段CO的高灵敏检测. 关键词： 可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱 多次反射池 CO检测 Allan方差     

10 kHz detection of CO2 at 4.5 microm by using tunable diode-laser-based difference-frequency generation

A compact, high-speed tunable, diode-laser-based mid-infrared (MIR) laser source has been developed for absorption spectroscopy of CO2 at rates up to 10 kHz. Radiation at 4.5 microm with a mode-hop-free tuning range of 80 GHz is generated by difference-frequency mixing the 860 nm output of a distributed-feedback diode laser with the 1064 nm output of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal. MIR absorption spectroscopy of CO2 with a detection limit of 44 ppm m at 10 kHz is demonstrated in a C2H4-air laminar diffusion flame and in the exhaust of a liquid-fueled model gas-turbine combustor.     

Resonant optothermoacoustic detection: technique for measuring weak optical absorption by gases and micro-objects

We report a laser spectroscopy technique for detecting optical absorption in gases and micro-objects via linked thermal effects and by using a sharp mechanical resonance in a quartz crystal. The performance of this technique is studied using near-IR diode lasers and two gases, pure CO(2) and C(2)H(2) diluted in nitrogen. A 7.3 × 10(-8) cm(-1)W/(Hz)(1/2) noise equivalent sensitivity to absorption in gases is demonstrated. Based on experimental results, it was estimated that 10(-8) fractional absorption of optical radiation by a micro-object deposited on a thin transparent fiber can be detected.     

CO2分子的近红外二极管激光吸收光谱灵敏探测

利用近红外二极管激光波长调制技术与二次谐波探测结合初步观测了CO2 分子在波长 1.5 7μm附近的吸收 ,获得了最小可探测吸收为 8.6× 10 -5(信噪比为 2 ) ,对应 5 0 0× 10 -6m-1的探测灵敏度。     

Hollow-waveguide-based carbon dioxide sensor for capnography

A CO2 sensor for capnography, based on a hollow waveguide(HWG) and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS), is presented; the sensor uses direct absorption spectroscopy and requires neither frequent calibration nor optical filters, giving it a significant advantage over existing techniques. Because of the HWG, the CO2 measurement achieved a concentration resolution of 60 ppm at a measurement rate of 25 Hz, as characterized by Allan variance. The length of the HWG was selected to efficiently suppress the optical fringes. This setup is perfectly suited for the detection of CO2 by capnography, and shows promise for the potential detection of other breath gases.     

CO and CO2 spectroscopy using a 60 nm broadband tunable MEMS-VCSEL at approximately 1.55 microm

The spectroscopic application of a new broadband microelectromechanical-system-tunable vertical cavity surface-emitting laser with single-mode coverage of 60 nm (245 cm(-1)) in a single, continuous sweep is described. The operation of the device is illustrated with high-resolution spectra of CO and CO2 over 110 cm(-1) (27 nm) and 67 cm(-1) (17 nm), respectively, with the CO band shown for high-pressure scans between 1 and 3 bars (0.1-0.3 MPa). The achieved tuning range opens up new opportunities for tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The spectra were compared with HITRAN-derived model calculations. The benefits of a sensor based on this laser are greater speed, laser power, and tuning range.     

1．3μm附近CO2的高灵敏度吸收光谱

采用可连续调谐半导体二极管激光器作为探测光源,将长程多通池吸收光谱、波长调制和谐波探测技术相结合,建立了一套具有高检测灵敏度和高分辨率的测量气态分子光谱及进行微量分析的研究装置.可以测量6.67×102Pa下～10-27 cm-1·(molecule·cm-2)-1的强度,最小可探测吸收达到～10-8.并利用该装置测量了CO2气体在1.31 μm附近的近红外吸收光谱,并用最小二乘法拟合实验数据获得了这一波段谱线的参数.同时测量的谱线参数与HITRAN数据库相比,发现15条数据库上没有报道的弱谱线.     

Measurement of CO,HCN, and NO productions in atmospheric reaction induced by femtosecond laser filament

It is proved that the chemical reaction induced by femtosecond laser filament in the atmosphere produces CO, HCN, and NO, and the production CO and HCN are observed for the first time. The concentrations of the products are measured by mid-infrared tunable laser absorption spectroscopy. In the reduced pressure air, the decomposition of CO₂ is enhanced by vibration excitation induced by laser filament, resulting in the enhanced production of CO and HCN. At the same time, the CO and HCN generated from the atmosphere suffer rotation excitation induced by laser filament, enhancing their absorption spectra. It is found that NO, CO, and HCN accumulate to 134 ppm, 80 ppm, and 1.6 ppm in sealed air after sufficient reaction time. The atmospheric chemical reaction induced by laser filament opens the way to changing the air composition while maintaining environmental benefits.     

Measuring the 13C/12C isotope ratio in atmospheric CO2 by means of laser absorption spectrometry: a new perspective based on a 2.05-microm diode laser

The potential use of high sensitivity laser absorption spectroscopy for measuring the 13C/12C isotope ratio in atmospheric CO2 has been demonstrated, using a GaSb-based diode laser at 2.05 microm. In this spectral region, the overlapping between relatively strong 12CO2 and 13CO2 absorption features gives rise to several line pairs which are well suitable for a spectroscopic determination of the isotope ratio. Preliminary results have demonstrated that a short-term precision better than 1 per thousand can be easily obtained, for a CO2 concentration of 1000 ppm. We extensively discuss the influence of a possible non-linearity in the detectors' response on the delta-value and suggest an instrumental development that would allow to eliminate this effect.     

CO2的腔增强吸收与高灵敏吸收光谱研究

腔增强吸收光谱(CEAS)是在衰荡吸收光谱的基础上发展起来的一种新型的直接吸收光谱技术.文章报道了用中心输出波长为1.573μm的窄线宽连续可调谐半导体激光器(DFB封装)作光源,用两块高反射率平凹透镜(在1.573μm附近,凹面反射率R～99.4%,曲率半径r～1 m)组成对称共焦腔作吸收池的腔增强吸收光谱系统.采用扫描腔长的方法改变谐振腔的模式,当激光器的输出频率与谐振腔的某一腔模之间满足共振匹配关系时,激光被耦合到谐振腔内,用探测器接收透过谐振腔的光信号,同时用波长计精确测量激光器的输出波长.在33.5 cm长的吸收池内测量了吸收强度为1.816×10-23cm-1·(molecule·cm-2)-1的二氧化碳分子的弱吸收谱线,探测灵敏度达到了6.78×10-7 cm-1.实验结果表明,腔增强吸收光谱具有灵敏度高,装置简单,易于操作等优点.