电子与双声子相互作用对Holstein极化子的影响

在量子化的Holstein模型的基础上再考虑电子与双声子相互作用，运用相干态展开法，得到了一维分子晶体模型处于基态的极化子满足的非线性薛定谔方程及其定态孤子解、基态能量、晶格位移. 关键词： 相干态 极化子 孤立子 非线性薛定谔方程     

有限格点一维Holstein极化子研究

利用相干态正交化展开法,得到了一维Holstein模型基态能量的解析表达式.为了便于比较,将系统的基态试探波函数逐级展开到三级近似,计算了不同格点、不同耦合强度下的基态能量,在展开到3级近似时,所得结果与数值计算一致. 关键词： 相干态正交化展开 极化子 模拟退火方法     

一维分子晶体系统的极化子-孤子压缩态、系统基态性质和量子涨落

基于一维分子晶体系统的 Holstein 模型，采用压缩-相干态展开方法，计及电子-声子间量子关联和重整化平移修正，分析和研究电子-双声子相互作用对极化子-孤子系统基态性质和量子涨落的影响.推导了一维极化子-孤子系统的封闭形式非线性方程.应用非线性项展开方法，给出非线性方程的解析解和相关基态特性结果.研究表明，仅当电子-双声子耦合强度 g₁<0时非线性方程才有孤波解，此时声子量子涨落效应随着压缩的增加，极化子-孤子系统基态能量变得更负，孤子局域减少，孤子态更加稳定；另一方面，电子密度涨落〈Δ²n〉和声子坐标-动量的不确定量〈Δ²p〉〈Δ²q〉比无声子压缩效应的大，极化子结合能变得更负.特别是，当g₁<0时，双声子效应的量子涨落〈Δ²n〉与〈Δ²p〉〈Δ²q〉的值比单声子情况有明显增加. 关键词： 压缩-相干态展开 极化子-孤子态与量子涨落 电子-双声子相互作用 非线性薛定谔方程     

有限深势阱里量子盘中极化子的基态性质

采用平面波展开、幺正变换和变分相结合的方法推导出有限深势阱里量子盘中极化子的基态能量公式.采用极化子单位进行数值计算,结果表明极化子的基态能量随势垒高度和势垒宽度的增大而增大,原因是势垒愈高、愈宽,电子穿透势垒的可能性愈小,导致电子能量增大,进而导致极化子基态能量增大.数值计算结果还表明极化子的基态能量随量子盘有效受限长度和量子盘半径的增大而减小;声子效应导致极化子能量较电子能量低.     

有限深势阱里量子盘中极化子的基态性质

采用平面波展开、幺正变换和变分相结合的方法推导出有限深势阱里量子盘中极化子的基态能量公式.采用极化子单位进行数值计算,结果表明极化子的基态能量随势垒高度和势垒宽度的增大而增大,原因是势垒愈高、愈宽,电子穿透势垒的可能性愈小,导致电子能量增大,进而导致极化子基态能量增大.数值计算结果还表明极化子的基态能量随量子盘有效受限长度和量子盘半径的增大而减小;声子效应导致极化子能量较电子能量低.     

Fröhlich 极化子的非经典基态

本文计及波矢 q,q' 声子间动力学关联效应,采用双模-压缩(声子)相干态作为再一次正则变换方案,基于Huybrechts变分近似,求解 Fröhlich 大极化子的非经典基态.由于双模-压缩(声子)相干态导致声子相干态-压缩声子态关联效应,相干参量 f_q 与双模压缩角 φqq' 关键词： 双模-压缩(声子)相干态 位移-声子压缩态 Frö hlich 极化子 非经典基态     

声子色散对抛物量子点中极化子基态能量的影响

在声子色散影响下利用压缩态变分法计算了抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的基态能量。采用的变分方法是基于逐次正则并且利用单模压缩态变换处理通常被我们所忽略的在第一次幺正变换中产生的声子产生湮灭算符的双线性项。计算得出了在考虑声子色散的情况下抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的基态能量的数学表达式。讨论了抛物量子点中在电子-声子弱耦合情况下,受限长度,电子-声子耦合常数,色散系数与极化子基态能量之间的依赖关系。     

DNA模型的有限格点系的严格对角化解

讨论了DNA一维Holstein模型的严格对角化求解方法,在此基础上比较它与相干态变分法的结果,从而对后者的可靠性及精确程度进行检验,得到的结果表明两者确有明显的差异,严格对角化解方法得到的基态能量更低,达到饱和情形的格点数更少,本方法不仅可以讨论系统的基态,而且还能给出其能谱及激发态.严格对角化解方法对DNA的研究较之变分法的讨论有显著的改进. 关键词： Holstein模型 严格对角化解 基态能量 能谱     

Frhlich极化子的非经典基态

本文计及波矢q,q′声子间动力学关联效应,采用双模-压缩(声子)相干态作为再一次正则变换方案,基于Huybrechts变分近似,求解Frhlich大极化子的非经典基态.由于双模-压缩(声子)相干态导致声子相干态-压缩声子态关联效应,相干参量f～q与双模压缩角φqq′有较大幅度修正,因而显著增强了相干效应和压缩角效应.对极化子基态能量计算与分析说明在弱耦合区域,位移-声子压缩态效应的修正项ΔE(c1)与Feynman路径积分计算(ΔEf)和Huybrechts相干态修正项(ΔE0)相当.但是,声子相干态双模-压缩效应导致相应的修正(ΔE(c2))有大幅度贡献,ΔE(c2)(ΔEf,ΔE0);在强耦合区域,位移-声子压缩态效应的修正大为减弱而可以忽略,ΔE(c1)《(ΔEf,ΔE0).虽然声子相干态双模-压缩效应也会同时减弱,考虑到电子-声子耦合强度(α)较大,仍有ΔEc(2)(ΔEf,ΔE0).     

Fr(o)hlich极化子的非经典基态

本文计及波矢q,q'声子间动力学关联效应,采用双模-压缩(声子)相干态作为再一次正则变换方案,基于Huybrechts变分近似,求解Fr(o)hlich大极化子的非经典基态.由于双模一压缩(声子)相干态导致声子相干态-压缩声子态关联效应,相干参量(f)q与双模压缩角φqq'有较大幅度修正,因而显著增强了相干效应和压缩角效应.对极化子基态能量计算与分析说明:在弱耦合区域,位移-声子压缩态效应的修正项ΔEc(1)与Feynman路径积分计算(△Ef)和Huybrechts相干态修正项(ΔE0)相当.但是,声子相干态双模-压缩效应导致相应的修正(ΔEc(2))有大幅度贡献,△Ec(2)＜＜(ΔEf,△E0);在强耦合区域,位移一声子压缩态效应的修正大为减弱而可以忽略,ΔEc(1)≥(ΔEf,△E0).虽然声子相干态双模-压缩效应也会同时减弱,考虑到电子-声子耦合强度(α)较大,仍有ΔEc(2)＜＜(ΔEf,ΔE0).     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.