夫琅禾费缝衍射的计算机模拟

在大学物理的教学中, 夫琅禾费衍射是波动光学的教学重点之一. 以夫琅禾费衍射的光学模型为基 础, 根据傅里叶光学理论给出夫琅禾费衍射光强分布的一般公式, 利用 MAT LA B软件对单缝、 双缝、 多缝以及十字 缝和＝ ‖字缝等缝衍射屏的夫琅禾费衍射进行模拟, 并对计算机模拟结果作出分析. 缝衍射实验的计算机模拟结果 显示快速且清晰, 衍射条纹分布符合衍射规律, 实现了对实际光波衍射的模拟     

利用Mathematica实现多缝衍射立体化教学

利用Mathematica强大的运算及绘图能力,对多缝远场衍射过程中涉及的干涉和衍射现象进行模拟,进而得到多缝衍射的强度分布,形象说明多缝衍射特征及多缝衍射过程中干涉和衍射的关系。     

缝宽周期性变化的光栅的衍射光强分析

本文主要分析缝宽不等且成周期性变化的光栅的衍射,给出其定量的光强分布规律,类比等缝宽光栅的衍射,引入"光栅的一个周期的衍射因子"与"光栅的周期间的干涉因子"的概念描述缝宽周期性变化的光栅的衍射光强分布.进一步,由Matlab仿真模拟了缝宽周期性变化的光栅的衍射相对光强分布曲线图,并定性讨论了光栅的相邻缝的间距d、缝宽、缝的数量等参数对光强分布的影响,从而更加形象、准确、多方位地分析变缝宽光栅的衍射规律.     

多缝衍射光谱技术

本文从重叠干涉强度分布和重叠光谱强度分布的概念出发,论证和推导了多缝衍射光谱技术中复原光谱的极限理论分辨率的公式。讨论了稳定求解的条件。并对多缝衍射光谱技术和经典的衍射光谱技术两者的光谱分辨本领作了比较,同时给出了几个计算机实验的结果。     

菲涅尔多缝衍射的数值计算

本文直接由菲涅尔一基尔霍夫衍射积分公式出发,通过数值积分的方法,计算菲涅尔单缝、双缝以及多缝衍射的光强分布,绘制出其相应的光强分布曲线.同时给出了计算菲涅尔多缝衍射的光振动分布的具体表达式.研究结果对于理解菲涅尔衍射现象具有重要的理论参考意义.     

离散傅里叶方法分析环缝透镜产生无衍射光束

使用离散傅里叶方法分析环缝透镜系统产生无衍射(贝塞尔)光束。将基尔霍夫衍射积分公式与菲涅耳衍射积分公式转换成傅里叶变换的形式,在环缝透镜系统中用傅里叶方法描述观察面的光强分布,对衍射面进行数据抽样,导出观察面光强分布的离散化傅里叶公式;通过设置相关参数并使用MATLAB软件进行数值模拟,得到不同位置下的贝塞尔光强分布。设计环缝透镜系统进行实验验证,数值模拟和实验结果匹配度较高,表明离散傅里叶方法应用于环缝透镜系统是可行的。     

正交双缝干涉与衍射图象及其规律

正交双缝干涉与衍射图象及其规律列光华（广东湛江师院物理系５２４０４８）１．引言著名的杨氏双缝干涉实验首次使波动光学建立在实验基础上．本文研究了正交双缝的干涉与衍射综合效应图象及其规律．２．正交双缝夫琅和费衍射规律如图１所示，设正交双缝衍射屏具有二维的...     

应用计算机数值求解实现激光衍射法精确测缝宽

在激光夫琅和费衍射法测缝宽实验中,可以发现测算值偏小,缝越宽,偏小程度越大。其原因就在于把平面波单缝衍射的简单缝宽计算公式应用于激光高斯束衍射问题,缝越宽,这种理论模型与实际差别就越大。能否获得激光束衍射条件下缝宽的精确解呢?显然,激光高斯束的复杂性使我们无法像平面波单缝衍射那样推出一个简单、精确的缝宽计算公式。本文尝试利用计机数值求解方法编制出了激光单缝衍射情形下精确的计算机缝宽解算程序,解算结果令人满意。下图是激光衍射测缝宽实验示意图。缝宽为b,缝与观察屏的间距为D,激光器仅     

不等缝宽多缝的夫琅禾费衍射及计算机模拟

基于复数法、积分法和矢量法研究不等间距多缝的夫琅禾费衍射的振幅和光强分布.应用Matlab软件进行数值模拟得到衍射图样,分析衍射图样.衍射振幅的推导方法和计算机模拟方法对于研究干涉、衍射等有一定的实际意义和指导意义.     

多缝夫琅禾费衍射缺级现象分析研究

本文讨论了多缝夫琅禾费衍射的光强分布特点，编写Matlab程序绘制光强分布曲线，分析了多缝夫琅禾费衍射缺级现象的影响因素，与单缝衍射因子和缝间干涉因子有关．     

纳米器件的制备、表征及其应用

利用建立的常规光刻法的纳米加工工艺系统，研制碳纳米管晶体管，单电子晶体管和单电子晶体集成的纳米器件，研制出了90K的单电子晶体管，实现了两单电子晶体管的电容耦合集成，多个单电子晶体管的串联集成以及单电子晶体管与传统器件的集成。     

用分子自组装技术制备的单电子器件的Monte Carlo模拟

用分子自组装技术制备出纳米金单电子器件,并测量了其伏安特性,根据单电子系统的半经典理论,用MonteCarlo法对其结果进行了模拟.结果表明,模拟出的伏安曲线与实测的伏安曲线有较好的一致性,反映了模拟方法用于单电子器件研究的合理性,此外发现,虽然单电子器件两电极间含有众多的纳米粒子,但在低压区,其伏安特性只与少数纳米粒子有关 关键词： 单电子器件 MonteCarlo模拟 分子自组装     

Ionization and single electron capture in collision of highly charged Ar16+ ions with helium

This paper uses the two-centre atomic orbital close-coupling method to study the ionization and the single electron capture in collision of highly charged Ar^16＋ ions with He atoms in the velocity range of 1.2-1.9 a.u.. The relative importance of single ionization （SI） to single capture （SC） is explored. The comparison between the calculation and experimental data shows that the SI/SC cross section ratios from this work are in good agreement with experimental data. The total single electron ionization cross sections and the total single electron capture cross sections are also given for this collision. The investigation of the partial electron capture cross section shows a general tendency of capture to larger n and l with increasing velocity from 1.2 to 1.9 a.u..     

Observation of coherent oscillations in a single electron spin

Rabi nutations and Hahn echo modulation of a single electron spin in a single defect center have been observed. The coherent evolution of the spin quantum state is followed via optical detection of the spin state. Coherence times up to several microseconds at room temperature have been measured. Optical excitation of the spin states leads to decoherence. Quantum beats between electron spin transitions in a single spin Hahn echo experiment are observed. A closer analysis reveals that beats also result from the hyperfine coupling of the electron spin to a single 14N nuclear spin. The results are analyzed in terms of a density matrix approach of an electron spin interacting with two oscillating fields.     

Polarization and readout of coupled single spins in diamond

We study the coupling of a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond to a nearby single nitrogen defect at room temperature. The magnetic dipolar coupling leads to a splitting in the electron spin resonance frequency of the nitrogen-vacancy center, allowing readout of the state of a single nitrogen electron spin. At magnetic fields where the spin splitting of the two centers is the same, we observe a strong polarization of the nitrogen electron spin. The amount of polarization can be controlled by the optical excitation power. We combine the polarization and the readout in time-resolved pump-probe measurements to determine the spin relaxation time of a single nitrogen electron spin. Finally, we discuss indications for hyperfine-induced polarization of the nitrogen nuclear spin.     

Charge‐transfer complex formations of tetracyanoquinone (cyanil) and aromatic electron donors

Single‐electron oxidants are the primary reagents for investigations of the new oxidants and the development of electron‐accepting materials for application in optoelectronics. Quinones are the well‐known class of the neutral single‐electron oxidants. Here, we present the properties of the strongest neutral electron acceptor of this class tetracyanoquinone (cyanil) and investigate its electron‐accepting strength by analyzing the charge‐transfer complex formations with the aromatic donor molecules. Charge‐transfer complexes of tetracyanoquinone with aromatic electron donors are characterized spectroscopically in solution and isolated as the single crystals. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The effect of multiple electron-electron scattering on the energy distribution of electrons in a correlated pair

A unit event of electron-electron scattering in LiF layers is studied by correlation spectroscopy of scattered electrons. The energy distribution of electrons in a correlated pair when a 15-to 55-eV free electron is scattered by a valence electron of LiF is studied. It is shown that single electron-electron scattering prevails and the distribution is uniform when the energy of the primary electron is below 25 eV. As the energy of the primary electron increases, the formation of correlated pairs of electrons with equal energies becomes the most probable. With the energy of the primary electron above 40 eV, the pairs with substantially different electron energies dominate. Such evolution of the energy distribution of the electrons in the pair stems from the fact that first one and then the other electron of the pair successively takes part in electron-electron scattering. A phenomenological model for the single scattering and double scattering of primary electrons in LiF films is considered. Results obtained indicate that the strengths of single scattering and double scattering channels become comparable at electron energies above 25 eV.     

Lorentz electron microscopy

This paper reviews the theory and practice of Lorentz electron microscopy in the investigations of magnetic domain structure. The transmission electron microscope, the necessary operational procedures and imaging theory required for Lorentz microscopy are described. Magnetization devices and other facilities that have been developed over the last two years to study domain magnetization in situ in the electron microscope are discussed. Results so far obtained on such materials as thin single crystals and polycrystals of ferromagnetic metals, magnetic oxides, evaporated and electrodeposited single crystal and polycrystal films, and whisker and single domain particles are reviewed. The methods available for preparing specimens in a suitable form for transmission electron microscopy are described.     

Growth of vertically aligned single crystal ZnO nanotubes by plasma-molecular beam epitaxy

Highly oriented and vertically aligned single crystalline ZnO nanotubes were fabricated on Al₂O₃ (0001) substrates by plasma-molecular beam epitaxy without employing any external metal catalysts or templates. Field emission scanning electron microscope images indicate that the regularly aligned ZnO nanotubes with uniform size distribution were obtained. The chimney-like single crystal ZnO nanotube was confirmed by the transmission electron microscope and selected area electron diffraction pattern of the single nanotube. The formation mechanism of the nanotubes was also described briefly.     

Multiple ionization of argon accompanied by electron loss and capture of 0.22-6.35 MeV C^q＋ ions

In this paper a projectile ions recoil ions coincidence technique is employed to investigate the target ionization and projectile charge state changing processes in the collision of 0.22-6.35 MeV Cq^＋ （q = 1 - 4） ions with argon atoms. The partial cross section ratios of the double, triple, quadruplicate ionization to the single ionization （or the single capture） of argon associated with single electron loss （or single electron capture） by the projectile are measured and compared with the previous experimental results. In the present experiment, it is observed that the ratios of ionization cross sections R associated with single loss and single capture depend strongly on the projectile charge state and vary significantly with different reaction channels as impact energy increases. In addition, this paper gets empirical scaling laws for the ionization cross section ratios R corresponding to the projectile single loss and finds that the ratios of the double ionization to the single ionization associated with single electron capture remain constant in the present energy range.