Cooperative effects of hydrogen,halogen and beryllium bonds on model halogen-bonded FCl … YZ (YZ = BF,CO, N2) complexes in FX′ … FCl … YZ trimers (FX′ = FH,FCl, F2Be)

A computational study of model halogen-bonded FCl?…?YZ dimers and FX′?…?FCl?…?YZ (FX′ = FH, FCl, F₂Be; YZ = BF, CO, N₂) trimers was undertaken at the MP2/6-311++G (2d, 2p) level of theory. Three different trimer arrangements are possible and the cooperative effect of hydrogen-, halogen- and beryllium-bonding in each of these trimers was assessed relative to the FCl?…?YZ dimer. It was found that the beryllium bond has the largest cooperative effect, while the halogen bond has the smallest, with the hydrogen bond being intermediate between the other two interactions. Interesting trends in selected properties were identified and discussed.     

在小硅化物SiX^m（X=Be,B,C,N,O,F,Ne,m=～4—＋2）中分子成…

此文用从头计算法，在ＨＦ，ＭＰ２，ＭＰ３水平下，使用基组６－３１Ｇ，６－３１＋Ｇ对ＳｉＯ的等电子分析ＳｉＸ＾ｍ（Ｘ＝Ｂｅ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｎ，Ｆ，Ｎｅ，ｍ＝－４～＋２）进行了几何优化，并计算了相应的平衡几何构型下的振动频率，对ＳｉＯ分子，使用ＱＣＩＳＤ（Ｔ）方法考虑了不同水平下的电相关效应，并考虑了不同其函数６－３１＋Ｇ和６－３１１＋Ｇ的影响。计算结果表明，所有分子的势能曲线都有稳定的极小值，并且键长与频     

Magnetocaloric effects in RT X intermetallic compounds(R = Gd–Tm,T = Fe–Cu and Pd,X = Al and Si)

The magnetocaloric effect(MCE) of RT Si and RT Al systems with R = Gd–Tm, T = Fe–Cu and Pd, which have been widely investigated in recent years, is reviewed. It is found that these RT X compounds exhibit various crystal structures and magnetic properties, which then result in different MCE. Large MCE has been observed not only in the typical ferromagnetic materials but also in the antiferromagnetic materials. The magnetic properties have been studied in detail to discuss the physical mechanism of large MCE in RT X compounds. Particularly, some RT X compounds such as Er Fe Si,Ho Cu Si, Ho Cu Al exhibit large reversible MCE under low magnetic field change, which suggests that these compounds could be promising materials for magnetic refrigeration in a low temperature range.     

范德华分子He—X（X=F,Cl,I）的解析势能函数

范德华分子势能函数的研究在原子分子领域具有重要的意义。此文应用Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ９２计算程序，计算了ＨｅＦ，ＨｅＣｌ和ＨｅＩ三个范德华分子的势能函数值，并通过最小二乘的方法拟合出了它们的解析势能函数。     

On the covalence in coinage-metal halides M3X3 (M = Cu,Ag and Au,X = F – I)

Systematic theoretical investigations have been performed to understand the periodicity, structures and interactions of the coinage-metal halide series, M₃X₃(M = Cu, Ag and Au, X = F – I) at MP2 theoretical level with extended basis sets. Mechanisms of M–X and M–M interactions were investigated by natural bond orbital analyses, natural resonance theory, electron localisation function, electron density deformation, atoms in molecules and visualised by reduced density gradient analyses. Periodic trends are found in the bond length, stability and covalent nature of the M–X and M–M interactions. As expected, increased covalence when halogens become heavier and Au–Au and Au–X interactions contain enhanced covalence in comparison with lighter congeners Cu₃X₃ and Ag₃X₃.     

UX(X=H,F,Cl,Br)的分子结构与稳定性

用密度泛函B3LYP方法对UX(X=H,F,Cl,Br)分子体系进行了理论研究,结果表明, 这些分子的基态电子状态分别是X4Ⅱ、X6∑、X2∑、X6∑,且都能稳定存在,其中UBr最 稳定,UH稳定性最差;势能函数为Murrell-Sorbie势函数,并得到了相应的几何性质、力 学性质和光谱数据。     

Computational study of non-covalent interactions in oxirane…XF complexes (X = H,F, Cl,Br, Li) and their F-/Li-substituted analogues

A computational study found oxirane^…XF (X = H, Cl, Br, F, Li) dimers to be energetically stable, with their interaction energies increasing with the magnitude of the XF dipole moment in the order XF = LiF > BrF ～ HF > ClF > F₂. Their relative stabilities roughly correlate with the amount of charge transferred from the lone pairs on the O atom of oxirane to the antibonding σ* orbital of XF. However, the most strongly bound dimer, oxirane^…LiF, is stabilised by the largest dipole but involves the smallest charge transfer. The variation in the strength of the oxirane^…XF interaction was subsequently investigated by the sequential substitution of the protons on oxirane by either electron-donating Li or electron-withdrawing F atoms.     

Sc12X团簇(X=B,C,N,Al,Si,P)的电子结构和稳定性

基于第一性原理,在密度泛函理论框架下,用广义梯度近似(GGA)研究二十面体Sc12X(X=B、C、N、Al、Si、P)中性和荷电团簇的电子结构和稳定性,系统计算了它们的基态束缚能(BE)、原子间平衡间距、最高占据轨道(HOMO)与最低占据轨道(LUMO)之间的能隙、局域电荷以及HOMO电子构型.研究表明,用C、Si原子或荷电后的B、N、Al、P离子分别替代团簇Sc13中心原子可以使其成为稳定的结构.Sc12X团簇束缚能改变的原因在于掺杂改变了中心原子或离子与表面原子的轨道杂化.     

HX(X=F,Cl,Br)酸性强度的理论计算

本文用Gibbs自由能ΔGacid定义了HX(g)的酸性强度.研究表明,用MP2、QCISD和B3LYP三种量化方法计算所得的HX酸性强度与文献值对比,其最大的相对误差仅为2.45%.其中,B3LYP方法的计算结果与文献值最为接近,其误差在0.37-1.09%范围内.HF气态分子有明显的氢键作用,其二聚体分子酸性强度ΔGacid与单体分子的ΔGacid值相比降低了约-5～-11%,此时氟化氢气体的酸性强度已不能单从HF单体分子的ΔGacid值来衡量,而应考虑HF分子的氢键作用.     

Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)的电子振动近似理论方法研究

用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法在6-311 G(d,p)水平上对Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)分子较低能量的几何构型进行了优化.计算结果表明该分子有两个可能基态,即Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)(2A′)Cs和Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)(2B2)C2v.全电子计算了氢同位素分子及Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)的能量E、定容热容CV和熵S.应用电子振动近似理论,即用单个分子Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)中的电子和振动能量和熵近似代表它们处于固态时的能量和熵,计算得到固体Al2O3的氢化热力学函数ΔH0,ΔS0,ΔG0以及平衡压力与温度的关系.当Al2O3吸附氢(氘,氚)形成C2v对称性气态Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)对应的固体时,氢气可以排代氘气,氘气可以排代氚气.这种排代效应非常不明显;形成Cs对称性气态Al2O3X(X=H,D,T)对应的固体时,反应的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序为氚排代氘,氘排代氢,与钛等的氢氘氚排代效应的顺序相反.总体而言,这种排代效应都非常弱.随着温度的增加,这一系列反应的氢氘氚排代效应趋于消失.     

类小硅化物SiXm（X—H,F,Cl;m=1—4）中平衡几何和振动频率…

本文使用分子轨道从头算方法，在ＨＦ／６－３１Ｇ和ＭＰ２／６－３１Ｇ水平下，计算了小硅化物ＳｉＸｍ的平衡几何和谐振子振动频率。理论值和实验值的比较表明，对于ＳｉＨｍ分子，实验的键长位于ＨＦ键长和ＭＰ２键长之间，而ＭＰ２振动频率更接近于实验的振动频率。对于ＳｉＣｌｍ分子，无论是键长还是振动频率ＨＦ值和ＭＰ２值都比较接近。以于ＳｉＦｍ分子，处于这两类的中间情况，关联作用随着Ｘ原子的原子序数的增加而减弱。     

SeX(X=H,C,N,O)的结构与势能函数

用密度泛函B3LYP方法对SeX(X=H,C,N,O) 分子体系进行了理论研究,得到SeX(X=H,C,N,O) 分子体系的基态电子状态的平衡几何Re和离解能De,并在计算出来的一系列单点势能基础上,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie(M-S)势能函数,得到相应态的解析势能函数,光谱参数Be、αe、ωe、和ωeχe为:HSe:7.74786cm-1、0.22000cm-1、2425.33344cm-1 and 39.51563cm-1;SeC:0.56678cm-1、0.00370cm-1、1021.70315cm-1、5.10000cm-1;NSe:0.45528cm-1、0.00375cm-1、946.30895cm-1、4.98923cm-1;OSe:0.45296cm-1、0.00001cm-1、889.77025cm-1、4.55983cm-1.由此计算对应的光谱参数和力学性质.结果表明SeX(X=H,C,N,O) 分子体系是可稳定存在的.     

半哈斯勒化合物XYZ(X=Li,Na, K; Y=Ag,Au; Z=S,Se, Te)拓扑性质的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论和k·p模型方法对半哈斯勒化合物XYZ(X=Li,Na,K;Y=Ag,Au;Z=S,Se,Te)进行了研究．半哈斯勒化合物XYZ可以看作是由Xⁿ⁺离子填充到闪锌矿YZ^n-晶格组成．它们的s态电子形成双重简并Γ₆⁽(2))能带，p-d杂化态形成双重简并Γ₇⁽(2))能带和四重简并Γ₈⁽(4))能带．当s型的Γ₆⁽(2))能带高于Γ₇⁽(2))和Γ₈⁽(4))能带时，化合物为普通绝缘体．然而，当s型Γ₆⁽(2))能带低于Γ₇⁽(2))和Γ₈⁽(4))能带时，化合物是拓扑非平庸绝缘体(如NaAuS)或半金属(如NaAuTe)，这还要取决于负或正...     

Electrical studies of surface reconstruction resulting from chalcogen evaporation at the Ag2±δX/Vacuum interface (X=S, Se)X/Vacuum interface (X=S, Se)

We have investigated the dissociation rates of nonstoichiometric semiconductors Ag_2±δX (X=S, Se) to the vacuum by means of solid-state electrochemical technique. The values of chalcogen fluxes from the sample’s surface were measured versus compound’s composition and temperature. There has been obtained experimental evidence of the surface reconstruction of silver chalcogenides when the exact phase composition δ_cr.(T) is reached. This critical value δ_cr. correlates with the order-disorder transition in the silver sublattice for the Ag_2±δX/vacuum interface.     

激发态H2(X1∑+g,v=1,J=1)之间的碰撞能量合并

受激拉曼激发H2(0,1)基态的Q支得到H2(1,1)能级.在室温条件下,利用反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)探测技术测量了碰撞能量合并(EP)过程H2(1,1)+H2(1,1)→H2(2,J)+H2(0,J″)及H2(1,1)与H2(1,J)转动能级间的碰撞转移速率系数.扫描CARS谱表明在H2(1,1)能级的碰撞能量...     

Si3Xn (X=C,O,N;n=1,2)团簇的密度泛函研究

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G*基组水平上对Si3Xn(X=C,O,N;n=1,2)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构.并对最稳定结构的电子结构、振动特性、成键特性和电荷特性等进行了理论研究.结果表明团簇的几何结构都是平面结构,通常Si3X2出现是Si-X键,较少出现X-X键;而Si3X中出现Si-X键和Si-Si键共存,Si3Xn(X=C,O,N;n=1,2)团簇的电荷布局分布表明这种电荷转移的作用使得团簇中所有X原子呈负电性,Si原子显正电性.处于不同位置的Si原子呈不同大小布局数,而且由于Si3X2的对称性,2个X负电性相同.     

Structures and stabilities of the donor–acceptor complexes HXPY (X=Al,B; Y=H,F, OH)

The optimized geometries, complexation energies, etc. of HXPY (X?=?Al, B; Y?=?H, F, OH) donor–acceptor complexes have been investigated at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p), MP2/6-311+G(d,p) and/or CCSD(T)/6-311+G(d,p) levels. The results show that HBPY (Y?=?H, F, OH) is more stable than the corresponding HAlPY (Y?=?H, F, OH), F (or OH) substitution on phosphorus results in decreasing complex stability, and the stronger the electron-attracting nature of the substitution atom, the more stable the complex. Moreover, the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the formation reaction of these donor–acceptor complexes were also examined within the temperature range 200–800?K using the general statistical thermodynamics and Eyring transition state theory with Wigner correction. It is concluded that the formation of HBPY is thermodynamically favoured over that of the corresponding HAlPY, especially at low temperature, and is kinetically favoured over that of the relevant HAlPY (Y?=?H, F, OH), especially at high temperature.     

X3+ (X=Sc, Y, La)阳离子团簇d轨道芳香性的理论研究

本文运用密度泛函（DFT）和哈特里-福克后（post-HF）理论,对三个阳离子X3+(X=Sc、Y、La) 和相关的三个中性X3Cl (X=Sc、Y、La)团簇的稳定结构与芳香性进行研究。计算结果表明,三个X3+阳离子有两个稳定异构体：正三角型(D3h)和线型(D∞h),其中正三角型为基态;对于三个中性的X3Cl团簇,Sc3Cl 有三个稳定的异构体: 三角金字塔型(C3v)、双齿型(C2v-1) 和 C2v-2型（图 1 e）;Y3Cl 和 La3Cl有2个稳定的异构体: 三角金字塔型(C3v) 和双齿型(C2v-1)。三者的基态都是双齿型(C2v-1)结构。接着,对阳离子正三角型(D3h)基态结构进行共振能（RE）和核独立化学位移（NICS）的计算。计算结果表明,X3+正三角型异构体展现出较高的芳香性。随后详细的分子轨道分析显示,正三角型Sc3+ 和Y3+阳离子有一个离域的π型分子轨道,显现出单π-芳香性;而正三角型La3+阳离子有一个离域的σ型分子轨道,显现出单σ-芳香性。并且,X3+ 的单π 芳香性或单σ芳香性主要是源于过渡金属Sc、Y和La中的d原子轨道的贡献。另外,通过详细分子轨道分析还发现,当一个补偿阴离子Cl-分别与Sc3+、Y3+、La3+阳离子结合时,中性Sc3Cl, Y3Cl团簇的芳香类型从组成单元Sc3+、Y3+的π-芳香性变为σ-芳香性,而中性La3Cl 团簇其组成单元La3+的σ-芳香性保持不变。总之,三个中性X3Cl团簇都只显现出单σ-芳香性。 （这篇文章是第15届全国原子分子会议稿件）     

AunXm(n+m=4,X=Cu,Al,Y)混合小团簇的结构和稳定性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,优化了AunXm(n+m=4,X=Cu,Al,Y)二元混合团簇的稳定结构.计算了稳定结构的平均结合能、电离势、电子亲和势、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙.结合Mulliken集居数分析研究了二元混合团簇稳定存在的规律,得出掺杂可以增强团簇稳定性的结论.