高速摄影机中的一种自适当延迟系统

本文采用了“自适应延迟系统”这一术语。所谓“自适应延迟”,是指延迟系统能根据某一参考物理量的实时值,自动地确定与之相适应的延迟时间。此种延迟系统的优点是,它能够消除一般的延迟系统据之确定延迟时间的某一参考物理量由于实际值与预期值不一致而造成的仪器工作的不可靠性。本文具体介绍的一种自适当延迟系统,能根据飞行目标的实际飞行速度,自动地确定与之相适应的延迟起动高速摄影机的延迟时间。文中分析了该系统的误差,导出了与允许误差相适应的时钟脉冲频率应满足的条件。     

随机基因选择模型中的延迟效应

研究了噪声驱动的基因选择模型中的延迟效应. 据小延迟方法和随机等价法则得到相应的延迟Fokker-Planck方程, 给出稳态概率分布函数的近似表达式. 分析了在噪声驱动下, 延迟时间对系统稳态性质的影响. 结果表明: 延迟时间可以诱导系统从单稳态向双稳态转化, 发生相变; 在基因选择过程中, 延迟时间有利于从基因群体中选择出某一单倍体基因. 数值模拟结果与理论预测基本符合.     

直升机光电系统网络协同目标瞄准方法北大核心CSCD

针对直升机网络化和信息化的探测需求,提出了利用数据链信息快速引导机载光电系统实现目标瞄准的方法。分析网络信息引导过程中光电系统的目标瞄准指示误差,给出目标信息坐标转换和延迟处理算法以及光电系统瞄准线偏差估计方法,最后通过仿真实验重点研究了数据精度、数据率、延迟时间等对直升机光电系统网络协同目标瞄准的影响。仿真结果表明:减小数据延迟时间,提高数据率和数据精度是减小网络协同目标瞄准误差的有效途径,采用合理的目标信息延迟处理算法,对提高目标状态估计精度,减小目标瞄准线估计误差具有一定的作用。     

混沌系统的时间延迟同步误差分析

对Pecora和Carroll的混沌自同步方案的延迟同步误差进行了研究.在计算机上对Lorenz混沌系统伪装的延迟同步误差进行了模拟:给定系统参数,对应不同延迟时间,得出了均方误差与采样步长的关系曲线;给定系统参数和延迟时间,对应不同采样步长,得到了混沌时间序列的误差曲线;给定采样步长,对应不同的系统参数,获得了混沌时间序列的尺度效应和均方误差与采样步长的关系曲线.提出了减小延迟同步误差的一些方法,得到一些对混沌同步和混沌控制应用有意义的结果. 关键词： 混沌同步 时间同步 误差分析     

状态反馈控制声光双稳系统的倍周期分岔和混沌

设计了一种动力学状态反馈(DSF)方法控制非线性混沌系统.介绍了DSF方法的控制原理,并用此方法控制声光双稳(AOB)系统的混沌,以此验证其有效性.仿真模拟显示,通过选择恰当的控制参数,有效地实现了声光双稳(AOB)系统中倍周期分岔的延迟控制和混沌吸引子中原不稳定周期轨道的稳定控制,同时,还可以将系统控制在2np、3mp 和2np×3mp这样其它任意所需的周期轨道上.     

固定闭塞系统中列车流的特性分析

在NS模型的基础上，针对轨道交通的特点，本文提出一种用于模拟四显示固定闭塞系统的元胞自动机模型.应用该模型模拟四显示固定闭塞系统中的列车延迟的交通现象，分析了四显示固定闭塞系统中的发车时间间隔、客货车比例、车站停靠时间、停靠站台数量等因素对列车平均延迟时间的影响.结果表明：客、货车混行时，货车对后行客车的运行会产生抑制作用，调整客、货车在车站的停靠时间可有效缓解这种抑制作用，减少客车的延迟时间；增加停靠站台的数量可提高线路上的车流密度，缓解车流延误，但在较大的发车时间间隔时，站台的利用率会降低. 关键词： 元胞自动机 固定自动闭塞系统 列车延迟     

准移动闭塞系统的元胞自动机模型及列车延迟传播规律的研究

在NaSch模型的基础上，针对铁路交通的特点提出一种用于模拟准移动闭塞系统的元胞自动机模型.应用该模型模拟了准移动闭塞系统列车延迟传播的交通现象，分析了准移动闭塞系统中的轨道定位单元长度、发车时间间隔、初始延迟时间等因素对列车延迟传播的影响. 关键词： 元胞自动机 交通流 准移动闭塞     

基于弧形阵的声呐体目标尺度模拟技术研究

分析并给出水下尺度目标回波的亮点结构模型和基于分裂波束互谱法对目标尺度识别的模型,以及稳态反射亮点与随机散射亮点数字时间序列生成方法。给出了一种在消声水池中布放弧形阵模拟目标尺度的方法,该阵列同步发射经时变投影矩阵加权变换的多亮点时间序列。将该方法应用于实现自导仿真试验系统,仿真试验结果表明该方法能够较好地模拟目标空间尺度,除了能够模拟普通靶标的多亮点延迟重发,还具备模拟包括平滑连续、阶跳及其组合等在内的复杂目标空间方位变化的能力,并能够用于水下航行体制导系统半实物仿真。     

延迟基因开关体系的稳定性及转变动力学

对延迟基因开关体系的稳定性及转变动力学进行了系统的研究．通过前向流采样及延迟随机模拟方法,获得了相空间稳态分布、转变路径和速率以及转变态系综的分布等信息．数值结果表明,基因开关体系中的延迟会减小稳态之间的间距,增大体系在转变态的布居．此外,转变速率也会随着延迟时间的增大单调增加,这些现象都说明延迟会削弱双稳基因开关体系的稳定性．转变路径由两种转录因子蛋白质的总的粒子数的差和操纵子位点的状态来描述,对转变路径的数值分析表明转录和翻译过程导致的延迟会显著影响转变动力学．特别是对于转变态系综而言,操纵子结合两种不同二聚体概率的差异随着延迟时间的增加逐渐加大.     

大口径高变倍比红外目标模拟系统的设计

为了模拟红外目标由远及近的飞行过程,结合高变倍比红外连续变焦系统与大口径投影系统设计了一款红外目标模拟系统.连续变焦系统变倍比为20倍,工作波段为8~12μm,大口径投影系统口径为300mm,工作温度为-30~40℃.基于对系统参数的计算与分析,通过推导的消热差及消色差方程对材料进行合理选择及光焦度分配,实现了光学被动消热差设计,应用动态光学理论对变焦凸轮运动曲线进行了计算与绘制.系统成像质量分析结果表明,变焦过程中像面稳定,成像质量良好.该系统可以实现高倍率红外目标飞行距离的连续变化模拟,具有变倍比高,体积小,像质好,环境适应能力强等特点.     

基于啁啾光纤光栅时分延时的相控阵波束形成

利用脉冲调制雷达信号的间歇性工作特点,不同波长的激光与雷达信号进行时分调制。啁啾光纤光栅将已调制射频信号的一串光脉冲序列进行反射延时,不同波长的激光序列在不同位置反射后产生不同时延。对载波频率等于4GHz的脉冲雷达信号进行实验测量,结果表明4个阵元的延时值与波束指向的理论延迟值一致,满足系统设计要求。     

0.14 THz高分辨力成像雷达信号处理

为适应0.14 THz超高分辨雷达实时成像的需求,开发了基于CPU+GPU+FPGA的硬件架构和成像处理算法,算法以距离-多普勒为原型,引入L类维格纳分布变换提高横向分辨力,用Keystone变换方法对越距离单元徙动进行校正,并开发了系统非线性补偿算法。在载频0.14 THz、带宽5 GHz雷达样机上进行了逆合成孔径雷达成像试验,获得了3 cm3 cm的成像分辨力和实时成像能力,验证了信号处理方法的有效性。     

Scheme for nonlinear frequency modulated signal cancelling system

A cancelling system for the four nonlinear frequency modulated (NLFM) signal (i.e. Taylor window, Tangent-based, Combination linear frequency modulation (LFM) and tan-FM, Stepped NLFM) is presented. It is mainly composed of a digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip etc. The received signals are stored and reproduced by DRFM, and the system delay time is controlled by the FPGA chip. According to the target's radar cross section (RCS), the radar echo cancelling wave will be generated by the FPGA and DRFM on signal processing. The effect of error on the cancelling wave is analysed and the method for reducing nonlinear phase errors is presented. Theoretical analysis and simulation show that the system effectively reduces the signal power received by the radar receiver. Numerical simulation results show that about 11.3 dB target gain reduction can be achieved under the condition of large deviation.     

Chaotic system for self-synchronizing Doppler measurement

In a radar system, it is necessary to measure both range and velocity of a target. The movement of the target causes a Doppler shift of the radar signal, and the size of the Doppler shift is used to measure the velocity of the target. In this work, a chaotic drive-response system is simulated that detects a Doppler shift in a chaotic signal. The response system can detect Doppler shifts in more than one signal at a time.     

A Novel Implementation Technique of Conical Scan Radar Using A Programmable Phased Array

In radar, planar phased array antenna plays vital role in electronic scanning in the azimuth and elevation direction to the horizon. In most operations using planar phased array both the coordinates of azimuth and elevation, are steered electronically. In this paper a conceptual schematic of a phased array antenna with programmable time delay units has been presented. It is shown that by suitably exploiting the time delay matrix one can have electronic beam rotation around the target axis as required in conical scan. Thus both the elevation and azimuth motors in conical scan system are replaced by electronic scanning. Heuristically, we have selected eight consecutive points for beam rotation in a polygon shape and can also be extended almost circular shape by increasing number of array elements and phase shifter (delays) in the delay matrix. The array requires dual control of phase gradient and individual phase values. The whole array is controlled by micro-controller. This presents exciting possibilities in radar operation.     

一种通用的卫星导航信号码时延估计误差评估方法

卫星导航信号的码时延估计误差是决定系统服务性能的关键因素,迫切需要对多种不同调制与复用方式的导航信号进行全面的码时延估计误差性能评估,从而为后期的系统应用提供重要的选择依据.为此,本文提出了通用的码时延估计误差评估方法.首先,概括了导航接收机的码跟踪环路模型,根据是否匹配接收以及是否相干处理,将目前的导航接收机归纳为四种类型.其次,在假设码时延估计误差非常小的条件下,分别给出了匹配接收下相干处理和非相干处理时的估计误差以及相互之间的关系;推导了非匹配接收下非相干处理时的估计误差,并讨论了与相干处理时的关系.最后,推导了码时延估计误差的齐夫-扎凯界限,解决了估计误差不满足非常小这一假设条件时的评估.本文提出的评估方法均以导航信号的功率谱密度表示,为信号设计和接收机的研制提供了重要的理论指导,同时也给具体信号的评估带来了极大便利.仿真实验中对新一代典型导航信号的码时延估计误差做了有效评估.     

火控雷达动态目标探测跟踪建模仿真

火控雷达目标探测跟踪是现代与未来防空作战的首要任务,也是火控系统的关键环节。针对火控雷达连续、自动、快速跟踪目标的特点,首先分析了火控雷达系统闭环连续探测跟踪工作流程,然后利用信号级建模方法,在信号层面上进行了雷达回波信号生成、信号处理与跟踪控制的一体化建模,并给出了各模块模型,最后完成动态火控雷达闭环目标距离、方位角与高低角三维探测跟踪测量过程仿真与分析。仿真结果不仅验证了建模方法与模型逼真有效,也对以后火控雷达跟踪性能评估、数据处理等仿真研究有着一定的参考价值。     

Variable-time-delay optical coherent transient signal processing

A technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated that achieves simultaneous optical pattern waveform storage and programmable time delay for continuous real-time signal processing by use of optical coherent transient technology. We achieve variable-time-delay and broadband signal processing by frequency shifting of two chirped programming pulses, the chirp rate of one being twice that of the other, without using brief reference pulses and without changing the timing of the programming sequence. We demonstrate the technique experimentally in Tm(3+): YAG at 5 K for 40-MHz chirps by performing temporal signal convolution with true-time delays that vary over a 250-ns range.     

Acceleration target detection based on LFM radar

In radar systems, the echo signal caused by an accelerated target can be similarly considered as linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal. In high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), discrete polynomial-phase transform (DPT) algorithm can be used to detect the echo signal, as it has low computation complexity and high real-time performance. However, in low SNR, the DPT algorithm has a large mean square error of the rate of frequency modulation and a low detection probability. In order to detect LFM signal in low SNR, this paper proposes a detection method, segment discrete polynomial-phase transform (SDPT), which means, at first, dividing the whole echo pulses into several segments with same duration in time domain, and then, using coherent accumulation method of DFT to segments, at last, processing this signal with DPT in intra-segment. In the case of a large number of segments, the SDPT can improve the output SNR. In addition, in a certain SNR, to the target signal with big sampling interval, large acceleration and less segments, this paper proposes an algorithm to detect the LFM signal generated from the combination of an improved DPT (IDPT) and fractional Fourier transform (FRFT). The output SNR of this algorithm is connected with the length of time delay. In the simulation, when the length of the time delay is 0.2 N, the output SNR is 2.5 dB more than that which results from directly using DPT. Finally, the detection performance and algorithm complexity of the proposed algorithm were analyzed, and the simulated and measured data verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.     

Deep learning-based circular disk type radar target detection in complex environment

Target identification is one of the most popular radar uses in real life. Target identification is a classifier that analyzes whether a signal contains an echo from a target (target-present) or is merely noise (target-absent). Deep learning techniques are a popular topic in classification, and they have evinced to be effective in a range of applications. In this paper, a 64 layers Circular Disk type RADAR Target Detection (CDRTD) model is proposed based on Transfer Learning using the SqueezeNet architecture of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that functions directly with processed radar target return eco signal and minimize the requirement of conventional laborious radar signal processing. Further, the proposed 64 layers SqueezeNet-based CNN CDRTD model was then implemented to identify circular disk type targets in complex environment. Finally, the target return eco data was tested to identify the circular disk type radar target in complex environments. We further analyzed target detection probability, false alarm rate, precision, recall, F1 in a complex environment and compared it with the ideal case. We found that our proposed CDRTD model can classify 83.3% of the test samples correctly with an overall accuracy of 94.59% in a noisy and cluttered environment whereas 100% of the test samples are classified correctly with an overall accuracy of 100% in an ideal environment.