位移测量中真空室偶极涡流的影响及其扣除

一、真空室上偶极涡流对测量的影响 在托卡马克放电中,出现宏观不稳定性时,等离子体电流会出现小的正尖峰,并在整个大环上沿水平方向向内快速收缩。这时真空室(薄不锈钢壳)上会感应出很大偶极涡流,如图1所示,真空室上偶极电流分布为     

HL—1装置等离子体破裂的电磁效应

本文描述HL-1装置放电过程中,等离子体破裂及环形导体中感应电压和电流的精细测量。给出了破裂时内真空室和铜壳的感应涡流、磁场和电动力。分析了它们对装置工程的影响。     

������������ʱEAST����ҵĵ�źͽṹ����

用ANSYS有限元软件计算了等离子体破裂时真空室上的涡流、电磁力和应力。有限元模型包含了基本的第一壁部件,以更加准确地研究真空室在瞬态电磁力作用下的结构强度。结果表明,高场侧靶板和内靶板带给真空室较大瞬时应力,但真空室的结构强度仍然满足强度要求。分析可校核和改进第一壁部件的结构设计。     

������������ʱEAST����Ҹ�Ӧ�����������о�

等离子体破裂时随着等离子体电流的迅速衰减会在托卡马克装置真空室上产生很大的感应电流并导致电磁力。将EAST 装置真空室双层结构简化为若干环形线圈,采用互感矩阵法对破裂后真空室上感应电流及其导致的电磁力进行了模拟,用Fortran软件分析了真空室上感应电流、磁场、电磁力的变化规律。所得结果为未来托卡马克装置的工程设计改造提供理论依据。     

不同位形大破裂工况下CFETR 真空室预研件的电磁载荷分析

基于数值方法分析了中国聚变工程实验堆真空室预研件(CFETR VV mock-up)在大破裂工况(MD)下不同位形所对应的电磁参数，重点分析了不同位形运行条件下真空室上涡流和电磁力的分布及对比。结果表明，三种等离子体位形下VV电磁载荷分布情况近乎相等，各轴向分力最大值及各分段的最大值存在差异。电磁载荷的获得为进一步校核CFETR VV mock-up的局部结构强度提供了数据基础，对提高真空室的结构设计合理性和运行的安全性具有重要作用。     

EAST超导托卡马克装置真空室壁处理的研究

壁处理技术被广泛应用于托卡马克装置上,以降低装置本底杂质水平,改善器壁的再循环.自2008年起,EAST面向等离子体的第一壁采用全碳材料,由于特殊的石墨晶体多孔结构,具有高放气率以及对H₂O,H₂等杂质气体的高吸附性,从而使等离子体放电前期的装置真空室壁处理尤为关键.本文介绍了EAST装置真空室壁处理的实验系统,并研究了装置烘烤与不同工作气体及工作参数下的直流辉光放电清洗对杂质粒子的清除效果.实验结果表明:EAST装置真空室在经过长时问的前期壁处理后,显著地降低了真空室内壁的出气率与本底杂质浓度,这对随后进行的等离子体放电实验非常有必要.     

HL-2M 真空室制造工艺难点分析及优化

根据 HL-2M 真空室结构及运行工况,对 HL-2M 真空室制造过程的工艺难点进行了深入的分析。结 合前期试验段制造经验,优化了真空室制造工艺,细化了真空室产品的制造工艺方案。通过优化后工艺措施的实 施,提高了真空室的制造质量,并为后续磁约束聚变装置真空室的制造积累了大量的经验。     

适用于聚变装置偏滤器部件的高热负荷测试平台真空腔体系统设计

对托卡马克聚变装置偏滤器的高热负荷测试平台真空腔体系统进行了结构设计,其中包括真空室、 真空抽气系统、部件调节机构、小型水冷系统和电子枪操作平台,利用 Ansys 对真空室主体结构的合理性和可靠 性进行了验证。模拟结果表明：真空室外壁温度不超过 50℃,真空室及其支撑上的最大应力分别为 134.49MPa 和 48.76MPa,满足许用应力 3S_m 值 620MPa 的要求。     

HL-2A装置真空室钛球加热电源的研制

为了更好地改善HL-2A装置真空室壁环境，利用金属钛高温升华时能吸附在真空室内壁的物理特性，在装置真空室设置了14个金属钛球。钛球升华温度约1200℃，通过给钛球灯丝通人40～50A电流加热可达到此升华温度。对此，我们设计研制了14台低压、大电流电源，给HL-2A装置真空室钛球进行加热，希望在实验中能获得更为满意的等离子体参数。     

真空室材料二次电子产额特性研究

设计了针对加速器真空室材料样品的二次电子产额测试装置. 对测试装置的设计及测试过程进行了详细介绍, 并给出了常见真空室材料的二次电子产额测试结果以及不锈钢材料在经过镀~TiN~薄膜处理前后的测试对比结果, 分析了影响二次电子产额的一些因素, 为真空室的表面处理提供了依据.     

铜壳涡流磁场的实验研究

本文介绍了模拟等离子体电流环电流在HL-1装置铜壳的1/4段上感应的涡流,在等离子体区产生的磁场大小、分布和时间特征的测量结果.涡流产生的垂直场随着等离子体电流环水平位移和电流上升率的增加而增加,而且在空间各点的大小和衰减时间常数都不相同。极向缝隙使涡流产生的垂直场和水平场沿大环方向呈周期性变化,环向缝隙对垂直场没有影响,但是却大大减弱了涡流产生的水平场。     

等离子体破裂时HL-2M真空室的结构应力分析

利用ANSYS有限元程序分析计算了等离子体线性大破裂时HL-2M真空室上的感应电流及电磁力,并对真空室进行了结构应力分析。结果表明,真空室上主要产生环向感应电流和径向电磁力,且主要集中在真空室壳体的柱状段;在破裂产生的电磁力及其他机械载荷的作用下,真空室的结构设计能较好地满足强度和刚度要求。     

Application of magneto-optical method for real-time visualization of eddy currents with high spatial resolution for nondestructive testing

In this paper we describe a new, laser supported, eddy current microscope for the real-time visualization of eddy current distributions. In the experimental set-up, the induction of eddy currents is conventionally performed by an alternating current excitation coil above the object surface. The magnetic field induced by the eddy currents is detected by the use of the Faraday effect. For that purpose, a laser beam is passed through a suitable thin crystal integrated in the excitation coil. The polarization direction of the laser beam is rotated in this thin crystal depending on the local magnetic field. The area distribution of the rotation angle is transformed into a grey value picture using an optical set-up, which comprises a conventional microscope, a lighting technique, an analyzator, and a CCD sensor. By choosing a suitable optic, a real-time measurement of the magnetic field with a high spatial resolution can be carried out. In this paper, the basic physics and the design of the new microscope are described. The initial results of experimental investigations concerning the resolution power of magneto-optic eddy current sensors are presented and compared with conventional eddy current sensors.     

Measurements of AC losses in different former materials

A high temperature superconducting cable may be based on a centrally located cylindrical support, a so-called former. If electrically conductive, the former can contribute to the AC losses through eddy current losses caused by unbalanced axial and tangential magnetic fields. With these measurements we aim at investigating the eddy current losses of commonly used former materials. A one layer cable conductor was wound on a glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) former. By inserting a variety of materials into this, it was possible to measure the eddy current losses of each of the former candidates separately; for example copper tubes, stainless steel braid, copper braid, corrugated stainless steel tubes, etc. The measured data are compared with the predictions of a theoretical model. Our results show that in most cases, the losses induced by eddy currents in the former are negligible. However, for materials with a low resistivity the eddy current losses may become significant, e.g., for high purity Cu or Al.     

Coherent cross-polarization theory for a spin-12 coupled to a general object

This work describes a segmented radial turbo-spin-echo technique (DW-rTSE) for high-resolution multislice diffusion-weighted imaging and quantitative ADC mapping. Diffusion-weighted images with an in-plane resolution of 700 microm and almost free of bulk motion can be obtained in vivo without cardiac gating. However, eddy currents and pulsatile brain motion cause severe artifacts when strong diffusion weighting is applied. This work explains in detail the artifacts in projection reconstruction (PR) imaging arising from eddy currents and describes an effective eddy current compensation based on the adjustment of gradient timing. Application of the diffusion gradients in all three orthogonal directions is possible without degradation of the images due to eddy current artifacts, allowing studies of the diffusional anisotropy. Finally, a self-navigation approach is proposed to reduce residual nonrigid body motion artifacts. Five healthy volunteers were examined to show the feasibility of this method.     

一种永磁磁共振中磁体涡流场的测量方法

磁共振成像（Magntic Resonance Imaging,MRI）技术是一种先进的医疗影像技术.在MRI系统中,通过梯度线圈电流快速切换方向,对待测区域施加梯度磁场,产生的梯度磁场会在其周围的金属体内激发出变化的涡旋电场,进而导致金属体内闭合的回路中产生对原来的梯度电流起抑制作用的感生电流,也就是我们所说的涡流.本文介绍了一种测量磁体涡流场的方法,结合电磁感应定律,设计了一种磁体涡流场测量装置,通过硬件采集以及软件处理的方法,将理想梯度场与实际磁场进行相减并将波形实时呈现,实验结果表明该方法可实现对磁体涡流场的测量.     

EASTװ����Halo�������Է�����ƫ�����غɹ���

破裂诱发的Halo电流会流进内真空室结构,对偏滤器支撑结构有较大的破坏。通过安装在偏滤器支撑结构上的罗柯夫斯基线圈对EAST中Halo电流进行了研究。通过分析不同位置的Halo电流信号,发现这些Halo电流具有环向不对称性,环向不对称因子为2.5, 的最大值是0.65。这些结果对EAST真空室电磁载荷分析有着重要的意义。     

非金属低温杜瓦装置的研制

报道了一种非金属杜瓦装置的研制,以满足高温超导磁悬浮车系统对液氮低温容器的要求。这种长方体低温容器采用无磁非金属材料制备,从而可以避免由涡流导致的阻力和热损耗,以及由磁性导致的吸引力等不利于高温超导磁悬浮车系统的影响。容器的液氮损耗率为0.55L/h。综合性能测试表明,该非金属杜瓦可以作为高温超导磁浮车低温容器的理想选择之一。     

Analytical solutions of transient pulsed eddy current problem due to elliptical electromagnetic concentrative coils

The electromagnetic concentrative coils are indispensable in the functional magnetic stimulation and have potential applications in nondestructive testing.In this paper,we propose a figure-8-shaped coil being composed of two arbitrary oblique elliptical coils,which can change the electromagnetic concentrative region and the magnitude of eddy current density by changing the elliptical shape and/or spread angle between two elliptical coils.Pulsed current is usually the excitation source in the functional magnetic stimulation,so in this paper we derive the analytical solutions of transient pulsed eddy current field in the time domain due to the elliptical concentrative coil placed in an arbitrary position over a half-infinite plane conductor by making use of the scale-transformation,the Laplace transform and the Fourier transform are used in our derivation.Calculation results of field distributions produced by the figure-8-shaped elliptical coil show some behaviours as follows:1) the eddy currents are focused on the conductor under the geometric symmetric centre of figure-8-shaped coil;2) the greater the scale factor of ellipse is,the higher the eddy current density is and the wider the concentrative area of eddy current along y axis is;3) the maximum magnitude of eddy current density increases with the increase of spread angle.When spread angle is 180,there are two additional reverse concentrative areas on both sides of x axis.