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1.
溶液电火花法制备Ag—TiO2纳米级复相超细粉及其光学性质   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
首次报道采用溶液电火花制备Ag-TiO2纳米级复相超细粉,XRD和TEM分析表明,所得产物可是金红石相也可是锐钛矿相,粒径分布均匀,一般在5 ̄20nm内,超细粉经超声重新分散后所得纳米粒子的TEM像指出,许多粒子是由金属Ag粒子和TiO2粒子互相粘连构成葫芦状混合复相纳米结构,显示有比涂层修饰粒子略有减弱的增强激光拉曼散射(SERS)效应和相应的光学性质。讨论了含有Ag涂层的复合TiO2粒子与纯T  相似文献   

2.
PS-TiO2 复合纳米微球的表征及摩擦学行为   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用化学法合成了PS-TiO2复合纳米微球,并对其进行了TEM、FTIR、TGA及DSC等分析表征。将这种微球作用润滑油添加剂,在四球试验机上了它的减摩抗磨性能,同时又对磨斑表面进行了X射线光电子能谱分析)XPS)。研究表明:这种添加剂有良好的抗磨性能。并在摩擦表面形成由TiO2、Fe2O3以及有机碎片所组成的边界润滑膜。  相似文献   

3.
ZrO2对提高CuO/γ—Al2O3催化剂热稳定性的作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
运用XRD,BET比表面积,Cu活性表面积和CO氧化活性测定,研究了ZrO2对提高CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂热稳定性的作用,研究结果表明,CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂加剂一定量的助剂ZrO3在950℃高温焙烧下,除了能提高CO转化率外,还能延缓载体γ-Al2O3的α相变,保持较高的比表面积,同时能抑制活性组分的聚结,保持较大的Cu活性表面积,从而提高了CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂,热稳定性ZrO  相似文献   

4.
Ba,Sr,Ca在Co/γ—Al2O3催化剂上CO氧化的作用机制(II)   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
用硝酸盐水溶液等量共浸法制备了分别在750℃和900℃焙烧的系列催化剂Co-M/γ-Al2O3(M=Ca,Sr,Ba,Co3O4/Al2O3=8wt%,M/Co=15mol%)测定了CO氧化转化率,用BET表面,XRD,XPS,DTA和TPR等手段研究了助剂Ba,Sr,Ca的作用,结果表明,加入助剂后,CO完全转化温度下降了20~60℃左右,助剂的作用顺序为Ca>Sr>Ba,实验表明,750℃和9  相似文献   

5.
利用拉曼光谱表征了不同方法添加CeO2-ZrO2混合氧化物对Pt/Al2O3催化剂的影响,并采用了XRD,H2化学吸附,BET表征了相应的分散度影响。结果表明:Ce、Zr、与金属Pt存在着强的相互作用,而CeO2-ZrO2以盐的形式加入时,高度分散在Al2O3载体上,提高贵金属Pt的分散度,进而提高了反应的活性。  相似文献   

6.
Cr(Ⅵ)离子在TiO2表面的光催化还原机理研究   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
采用XPS和ESR表征技术研究表明,Cr离子在TiO2表面的光催化还原过程中,有Ti^3+物种生成并参与了Cr离子的还原反应。实验结果表明,Cr离子的光催化还原主要以从Ti^3+上得到离子的间接还原为主,同时也存在着从TiO2导带捕获光激发电子发生直接还原的可能性。  相似文献   

7.
超细金属铁颗粒的高分子修饰及其悬浮液的磁流变性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
报道了γ射线辐照方法合成具有良好分散性的高分子复合金属铁粒子,分别选择十二烷基硫酸钠、溴化十六锘三甲基胺、Tween-80、TritonX-200和OP-10表面活必睡有机单体、无机铁颗粒一起制备乳状液,通过对这种含有超细金属铁颗粒乳状液稳定性的比较,以寻求合适的乳化剂,并对以TritonX-200为乳化剂时合成出的高聚物复合铁颗进行了XRD、TEM和IR表征,还将实验中所获得的高聚物复合铁粒子与  相似文献   

8.
采用Sol-Gel方法首次在比较低的温度下制备了具有氧磷灰石结构的发光体Mg2Y8-x-y(SiO4)6O2:Eu,Bi(x,y≥0),利用XRD、IR、TG-DTA三种手段研究了发光体的形成过程。室温(293K)和液氮温度(77K)的荧光光谱表明Eu3+和Bi3+在这种基质中分别发射红光和蓝光,每mol基质中其最佳掺杂浓度分别为0.14mol和0.03mol,并且其发光都存在温度猝灭。Eu3+的激光感生荧光光谱中存在两条5D0-7F0跃迁线,表明Eu3+同时进入4f格位和6h格位。在Eu3+、Bi3+共掺杂的发光体中,观察到了Bi3+→E3+的部分能量传递。  相似文献   

9.
固体酸SO^2—4/Ti—La—O的制备及催化酯化活性的研究   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24  
研制了稀土复合固体酸SO^2-4/Ti-La-O以均苯四甲酸二酐和2-乙基己醇的酯化为模型以应,研究催化剂制备条件与催化剂的表面结构对催化活性的影响。XRD表明SO^2-4/Ti-La-O在400℃~450℃焙烧呈非晶态,X光电子能谱解析中可知原子所处的状态已不完全和单组份氧化表面相同,金属原子极化程度增加了,氧化物表面的硫为高价氧化态S^+6,FT-IR表面SO^2-4以螯合状双配位方式吸附在金  相似文献   

10.
室温固相反应制备AgX纳米粉末   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
首次利用AgNO3与KX(X为Cl^-,Br^-,I^-)的室温固相反应成功地年鉴轩出纳米AgX粉末。并结合XRD,TEM,TG/DTA测试对其结构和性能进行了表征。发现固相反应制得的超细AgX与水相法制得的相应常粒AgX颜色有所不同。  相似文献   

11.
采用特殊液相沉淀法制备纳米级的TiO2/SnO2复合粒子,对制备的纳米TiO2/SnO2采用XRD、TEM等手段进行了表征。用它做催化剂在日光下对甲基橙溶液进行了光催化实验。结果表明,纳米级TiO2/SnO2复合催化剂比纯TiO2的催化活性好,当SnO2摩尔百分数为20%时效果最佳,在60min内对10mg/L的甲基橙水溶液的降解率高达90.2%,具有较好的光催化活性。  相似文献   

12.
伞靖  魏长平  何瑞英  彭春佳 《发光学报》2016,37(9):1109-1113
用溶胶-凝胶法制得Zn,Cu共掺杂的TiO_2∶SnO_2凝胶,旋转法于玻璃基底镀膜,制备出Zn,Cu共掺杂的TiO_2∶SnO_2薄膜,探讨了掺杂比例、煅烧温度对其结构、形貌和性能的影响。采用XRD、FTIR、FESEM、PL等测试技术对薄膜进行表征,并考察了其对甲基橙的光催化降解性能。结果表明:600℃时,薄膜粒子的结晶度较高,粒径小,分布均匀,表面平整且无明显裂痕;紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)表明:该薄膜在可见光区和紫外区都有很强的吸收;光催化性能测试表明:与纯相TiO_2对比,该样品对甲基橙的光催化降解率有较大提高,在最佳掺杂量比为n(Ti)∶n(Sn)∶n(Zn)∶n(Cu)=10∶3∶1∶1时,光催化降解率最高。  相似文献   

13.
Here, the nanometer anatase and rutile titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) powders were introduced to act as the sonocatalysts during the ultrasonic degradation of azo dye-acid red B which was chosen as model compound. The ultrasound of low power was used as an irradiation source to induce TiO(2) particles performing catalytic activity. It was found that the processes of sonocatalytic degradation were different between nanometer anatase TiO(2) and nanometer rutile TiO(2). For nanometer anatase TiO(2) catalyst, the acid red B was mainly oxidated by the holes on the surface of nanometer anatase TiO(2) particles, so that the decolorization and degradation happened at the same time. For the nanometer rutile TiO(2) catalyst, the acid red B was mainly oxidated by the *OH radicals from the ultrasonic cavitation, so that the decolorization of azo bond takes place primarily, and then the degradation of naphthyl ring does. The intermediates of acid red B in the presence of nanometer anatase and rutile TiO(2) powders have been monitored by UV-vis spectra and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. All experiments indicated that the degradation effect of acid red B in the presence of nanometer anatase TiO(2) powder was obviously better than that in the presence of nanometer rutile TiO(2) powder. Hence, the method of sonocatalytic degradation for organic pollutants in the presence of nanometer anatase TiO(2) powder is expected to be promising as an advisable choice for the treatment of organic wastewaters in future.  相似文献   

14.
Here, a novel sonocatalyst, composite TiO2/ZnO powder, was prepared through the combination of nano-sized TiO2 and ZnO powders. Because of the appropriate adsorbability to organic pollutants and special crystal interphase between TiO2 and ZnO particles, the composite TiO2/ZnO powder exhibits a high sonocatalytic activity under ultrasonic irradiation during the degradation of acid red B. Especially, the sonocatalytic activity of composite TiO2/ZnO powder with 4:1 molar proportion treated at 500 degrees C for 50 min showed obvious improvement compared with pure nano-sized TiO2 and ZnO powders. When the experimental conditions such as 10mg/L acid red B concentration, 1.0 g/L catalyst addition amount, pH=7.0, 20 degrees C system temperature, 100 min ultrasonic time and 50 mL total volume were adopted, the satisfactory degradation ratio and rate were obtained. All experiments indicate that the sonocatalytic method using composite TiO2/ZnO powder may be a more advisable choice for the treatments of non- or low-transparent organic wastewaters in future.  相似文献   

15.
采用溶胶-凝胶法,在磁性Fe<,3>O<,4>表面包覆TiO<,2>,制备了一种新型六方晶型纳米TiO<,2>/Fe<,3>O<,4>光催化复合材料.X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)对材料形态结构及包覆情况的分析,显示TiO<,2>包覆在Fe<,3>O<,4>表面,对染料废水光催化降解的模拟研究表明,该复合材料...  相似文献   

16.
TiO2/SnO2复合氧化物的制备和光谱特性   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
为了研究TiO2/SnO2复合氧化物的光学特性,用胶体化学方法制备了以SnO2为内核的TiO2/SnO2复合氧化物,并且用紫外-可见光吸收光谱、X射线衍射和红外光谱对TiO2/SnO2复合氧化物的特性进行了分析.结果显示TiO2和TiO2/SnO2的能带宽度分别为4.13和3.86 eV,表现出量子尺寸效应;TiO2/SnO2在紫外区域具有宽的强吸收带.X射线衍射中TiO2的(110)衍射峰的位置移动了1.6°,强度也发生了变化;与TiO2红外光谱相比,TiO2/SnO2中Ti-O键的伸缩振动由500cm-1移到了656 cm-1,并有560 cm-1的肩峰,与吸附水相应的1650 cm-1附近的吸收峰和3420 cm-1的吸收峰均有所增加.  相似文献   

17.
Photocatalysis, electrolysis, water jet cavitation (WJC), alone and in combinations were applied to degrade an azo dye, Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B (X-3B). Experiments were conducted in a 4.0 L aqueous solution with different initial dye concentrations, TiO2 dose, and solution pH. WJC substantially increased the photocatalytic, electrolytic and photocatalytic–electrolytic rates of the dye removal. The observed first-order rate of X-3B decolorization in the process of combined photocatalysis and electrolysis coupled with WJC was 1.6–2.9 times of that in the process of combined photocatalysis and electrolysis coupled with mechanical stirring. The rate enhancements may be attributed primarily to the reduced diffusion layer thickness on the electrodes and the deagglomeration of photocatalyst particles due to the chemical and physical effects of WJC. Under the conditions of 80 mg/L X-3B solution, 100 mg/L TiO2 dose and solution pH 6.3, 97% and 71% of color and chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) were removed, respectively, within 90-min photocatalytic–electrolytic treatment coupled with WJC. During this process, azo groups and naphthalene, benzene and triazine structures of the dye can be destroyed. Industrial textile effluent was also investigated, and a positive synergistic effect between photocatalytic–electrolytic system and WJC was observed considering color removal.  相似文献   

18.
In this work, the emphasis was mainly placed on investigating the sonocatalytic activity of TiO(2)-ZnO mixed with Er(3+):YAlO(3), namely, Er(3+):YAlO(3)/TiO(2)-ZnO composite. It is able to utilize the sonoluminescence light to improve the sonocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. The Er(3+):YAlO(3) as up-conversion luminescence agent was synthesized by sol-gel and auto-combustion method, and then Er(3+):YAlO(3)/TiO(2)-ZnO composite as sonocatalyst were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion and liquids boil method. The prepared up-conversion luminescence agent and composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Acid Red B dye was selected to examine the sonocatalytic activity of Er(3+):YAlO(3)/TiO(2)-ZnO composite. The degradation reaction processes were monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometer and ion chromatogram. The influences on the activity of the Er(3+):YAlO(3)/TiO(2)-ZnO such as Ti/Zn molar ratio, heat-treated temperature and heat-treated time were studied. The results showed that the Er(3+):YAlO(3)/TiO(2)-ZnO composite exhibited a significantly high sonocatalytic activity compared with other catalysts in the degradation of Acid Red B. And the sonocatalyst with 1:1 Ti/Zn molar ratio heat-treated at 550°C for 60min showed the highest sonocatalytic activity. At last, the experiment also indicated that it has a good sonocatalytic activity to degrade other organic dyes.  相似文献   

19.
采用溶胶-凝胶法结合硫酸浸渍法制备了SO2-4/CeO2-TiO2复合氧化物.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、吡啶吸附红外光谱(Py-FTIR)、紫外-可见光漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)、X射线光电子能谱价带谱(VB-XPS)及荧光光谱(PL)技术对样品的结构、性质进行了表征,以光催化分解水制氢为模型反应,评价了样品的光催化性能.XRD,FTIR结合PL结果表明CeO2与TiO2的复合形成了异质结构,有利于提高光生电子与光生空穴的分离效率,对催化剂活性的提高有促进作用;Py-FTIR谱图证明SO2-4/CeO2-TiO2复合氧化物在表面具有Lewis酸性,Lewis酸性位的产生是由于SO2-4在样品表面的配位吸附所致,S O— 的诱导效应增强了表面金属得电子能力,从而进一步提升光生载流子的分离效率;UV-Vis及XPS价带谱分析说明,半导体氧化物复合能够缩减带隙,拓宽光响应范围,Lewis酸性影响复合氧化物的能带结构,使其导带底位置向负向移动,利于光催化还原能力的提高,进而促进其光催化制氢活性.光催化分解水制氢实验结果表明,SO2-4/CeO2-TiO2复合氧化物具有优于纯氧化物CeO2,TiO2及未经硫酸浸渍的CeO2-TiO2复合氧化物的催化活性,5 h的产氢速率为1934.1μmol·g-1·h-1.光谱分析结果结合光催化制氢活性评价结果表明,SO2-4/CeO2-TiO2复合氧化物的异质结构与酸浸渍是影响样品光催化性能的主要因素.  相似文献   

20.
利用第一性原理计算,研究了Cr与C共掺锐钛矿型TiO_2的能带的结构,态密度和光学性质.我们构建了两种不等价的Cr与C紧邻共掺体系:CrC_1-TiO_2和CrC_2-TiO_2.CrC_1-TiO_2体系在价带上方出现了主要由C-2p轨道和Cr-3d轨道耦合成的子带.同时,由于姜-泰勒变形效应,Cr-3d轨道的t_(2g)轨道进一步分裂的成Cr-3d_(yz)轨道在导带底形成附加带,有效带隙较纯TiO_2相比变窄了0.84eV.CrC_2-TiO_2体系带隙中有深带隙态存在,由于深间隙态的存在,价带顶到深带隙的能量宽度为0.84eV,电子从价带顶转移到导带底的所需要的能量将大大减小.最后,我们对纯TiO_2和Cr与C紧邻共掺TiO_2的光学特性进行了计算.结果显示Cr与C共掺TiO_2的光学吸收谱都有很好的可见光区域分布,大大提高了太阳光的利用率.  相似文献   

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