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1.
We introduce here a new “neoclassical” electromagnetic (EM) theory in which elementary charges are represented by wave functions
and individual EM fields to account for their EM interactions. We call so defined charges balanced or “b-charges”. We construct
the EM theory of b-charges (BEM) based on a relativistic field Lagrangian and show that: (i) the elementary EM fields satisfy
the Maxwell equations; (ii) the Newton equations with the Lorentz forces hold approximately when b-charges are well separated
and move with non-relativistic velocities. When the BEM theory is applied to atomic scales it yields a hydrogen atom model
with a frequency spectrum matching the Schrodinger model with desired accuracy. An important feature of the theory is a mechanism
of elementary EM energy absorption established for retarded potentials. 相似文献
2.
The ‘anomalous perihelion precession’ of Mercury, announced by Le Verrier in 1859, was a highly controversial topic for more
than half a century and invoked many alternative theories until 1916, when Einstein presented his theory of general relativity
as an alternative theory of gravitation and showed perihelion precession to be one of its potential manifestations. As perihelion
precession was a directly derived result of the full General Theory and not just the Equivalence Principle, Einstein viewed
it as the most critical test of his theory. This paper presents the computed value of the anomalous perihelion precession
of Mercury's orbit using a new relativistic simulation model that employs a simple transformation factor for mass and time,
proposed in an earlier paper. This computed value compares well with the prediction of general relativity and is, also, in
complete agreement with the observed value within its range of uncertainty. No general relativistic equations have been used
for computing the results presented in this paper. 相似文献
3.
Classical mechanics is presented so as to render the new formulation valid for an arbitrary temporal variable, as opposed
to Newton’s Absolute Time only. Newton’s theory then becomes formally identical (in a precise sense) to relativity, albeit
in a three-dimensional manifold. (The ultimate difference between the two dynamics is traced to the existence of the relativistic
‘mass-shell’ condition.) A classical Lagrangian is provided for our formulation of the equations of motion and it is related
to one of the known forms of the corresponding relativistic Lagrangian, which is the analogue of the Polyakov Lagrangian of
string theory.
Dedicated to Emeritus Professor D. Speiser (Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium) who provided the inspiration for this
article. 相似文献
4.
Myron W. Evans 《Foundations of Physics Letters》2003,16(6):513-547
A generally covariant wave equation is derived geometrically for grand unified field theory. The equation states most generally that the covariant d'Alembertian acting on the vielbein vanishes for the four fields which are thought to exist in nature: gravitation, electromagnetism, weak field and strong field. The various known field equations are derived from the wave equation when the vielbein is the eigenfunction. When the wave equation is applied to gravitation the wave equation is the eigenequation of wave mechanics corresponding to Einstein's field equation in classical mechanics, the vielbein eigenfunction playing the role of the quantized gravitational field. The three Newton laws, Newton's law of universal gravitation, and the Poisson equation are recovered in the classical and nonrelativistic, weak-field limits of the quantized gravitational field. The single particle wave-equation and Klein-Gordon equations are recovered in the relativistic, weak-field limit of the wave equation when scalar components are considered of the vielbein eigenfunction of the quantized gravitational field. The Schrödinger equation is recovered in the non-relativistec, weak-field limit of the Klein-Gordon equation). The Dirac equation is recovered in this weak-field limit of the quantized gravitational field (the nonrelativistic limit of the relativistic, quantezed gravitational field when the vielbein plays the role of the spinor. The wave and field equations of O(3) electrodynamics are recovered when the vielbein becomes the relativistic dreibein (triad) eigenfunction whose three orthonormal space indices become identified with the three complex circular indices (1), (2), (3), and whose four spacetime indices are the indices of non-Euclidean spacetime (the base manifold). This dreibein is the potential dreibein of the O(3) electromagnetic field (an electromagnetic potential four-vector for each index (1), (2), (3)). The wave equation of the parity violating weak field is recovered when the orthonormal space indices of the relativistic dreibein eigenfunction are identified with the indices of the three massive weak field bosons. The wave equation of the strong field is recovered when the orthonormal space indices of the relativistic vielbein eigenfunction become the eight indices defined by the group generators of the SU (3) group. 相似文献
5.
Etele Molnár 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2009,60(3):413-429
Focusing on the numerical aspects and accuracy we study a class of bulk viscosity driven expansion scenarios using the relativistic
Navier–Stokes and truncated Israel–Stewart form of the equations of relativistic dissipative fluids in 1+1 dimensions. The
numerical calculations of conservation and transport equations are performed using the numerical framework of flux corrected
transport. We show that the results of the Israel–Stewart causal fluid dynamics are numerically much more stable and smoother
than the results of the standard relativistic Navier–Stokes equations. 相似文献
6.
7.
We present a two-body relativistic wave equation for a system composed of a boson and a fermion. One-body equations such as the Dirac and the Klein-Gordon equations are often used as an approximate equation for relativistic two-body systems. However, when the masses of two particles are not very different, the use of one-body equations comes into question. We use the Feshbach-Villars formalism for the boson so that the wave equation can be given in the form of an eigenvalue equation for the Hamiltonian. Differences between our equation and the one-body equations are examined and illustrated in a numerical example of a two-body system with scalar and vector potentials.Communicated by: W. Weise 相似文献
8.
We study the problem of motion of a relativistic, ideal elastic solid with free surface boundary by casting the equations
in material form (“Lagrangian coordinates”). By applying a basic theorem due to Koch, we prove short-time existence and uniqueness
for solutions close to a trivial solution. This trivial, or natural, solution corresponds to a stress-free body in rigid motion. 相似文献
9.
Some previously obtained physical solutions [1–3] of Yang’s equations forSU(2) gauge fields [4], Charap’s equations for pion dynamics [5,6] and their combination as proposed by Chakraborty and Chanda
[1] have been presented. They represent different physical characteristics, e.g. spreading wave with solitary profile which
tends to zero as time tends to infinity, spreading wave packets, solitary wave with oscillatory profile, localised wave with
solitary profile which becomes plane wave periodically, and, wave packets which are oscillatory in nature. 相似文献
10.
Holm DD 《Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)》2002,12(2):518-530
We begin by placing the generalized Lagrangian mean (GLM) equations for a compressible adiabatic fluid into the Euler-Poincare (EP) variational framework of fluid dynamics, for an averaged Lagrangian. This is the Lagrangian averaged Euler-Poincare (LAEP) theorem. Next, we derive a set of approximate small amplitude GLM equations (glm equations) at second order in the fluctuating displacement of a Lagrangian trajectory from its mean position. These equations express the linear and nonlinear back-reaction effects on the Eulerian mean fluid quantities by the fluctuating displacements of the Lagrangian trajectories in terms of their Eulerian second moments. The derivation of the glm equations uses the linearized relations between Eulerian and Lagrangian fluctuations, in the tradition of Lagrangian stability analysis for fluids. The glm derivation also uses the method of averaged Lagrangians, in the tradition of wave, mean flow interaction. Next, the new glm EP motion equations for incompressible ideal fluids are compared with the Euler-alpha turbulence closure equations. An alpha model is a GLM (or glm) fluid theory with a Taylor hypothesis closure. Such closures are based on the linearized fluctuation relations that determine the dynamics of the Lagrangian statistical quantities in the Euler-alpha equations. Thus, by using the LAEP theorem, we bridge between the GLM equations and the Euler-alpha closure equations, through the small-amplitude glm approximation in the EP variational framework. We conclude by highlighting a new application of the GLM, glm, and alpha-model results for Lagrangian averaged ideal magnetohydrodynamics. (c) 2002 American Institute of Physics. 相似文献
11.
S. I. Kruglov 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2012,51(1):1-13
We find the canonical and Belinfante energy-momentum tensors and their nonzero traces. We note that the dilatation symmetry
is broken and the divergence of the dilatation current is proportional to the topological mass of the gauge field. It was
demonstrated that the gauge field possesses the ‘scale dimensionality’ d=1/2. Maxwell–Chern–Simons topologically massive gauge field theory in 2+1 dimensions is formulated in the first-order formalism.
It is shown that 6×6-matrices of the relativistic wave equation obey the Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau algebra. The Hermitianizing
matrix of the relativistic wave equation is given. The projection operators extracting solutions of field equations for states
with definite energy-momentum and spin are obtained. The 5×5-matrix Schr?dinger form of the equation is derived after the
exclusion of non-dynamical components, and the quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian is obtained. Projection operators extracting
physical states in the Schr?dinger picture are found. 相似文献
12.
We study the action of the SL(2; R) group on the noncommutative DBI Lagrangian. The symmetry conditions of this theory under the above group will be obtained. These conditions determine the extra U(1) gauge field. By introducing some consistent relations we observe that the noncommutative (or ordinary) DBI Lagrangian and its SL(2; R) dual theory are dual of each other. Therefore, we find some SL(2; R) invariant equations. In this case the noncommutativity parameter, its T -dual and its SL(2; R) dual versions are expressed in terms of each other. Furthermore, we show that on the effective variables, T -duality and SL(2; R) duality do not commute. We also study the effects of the SL(2; R) group on the noncommutative Chern–Simons action. 相似文献
13.
M. Amooshahi 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2009,54(1):115-118
A canonical relativistic formulation is introduced to quantize
electromagnetic field in the presence of a polarizable and
magnetizable moving medium. The medium is modeled by a continuum of
the second rank antisymmetric tensors in a phenomenological way. The
covariant wave equation for the vector potential and the covariant
constitutive equation of the medium are obtained as the Euler-Lagrange equations using the Lagrangian of the total system.
A
fourth rank tensor which couples the electromagnetic field and the
medium is introduced. The susceptibility tensor of the medium is
obtained in terms of this coupling tensor. The noise polarization
tensor is calculated in terms of both the coupling tensor and the
ladder operators of the tensors modeling the medium. 相似文献
14.
We propose a Coulomb-like kernel for the relativistic two-fermion Bethe-Salpeter equation, to be used as the lowest-order approximation in systematic perturbative calculation of bound-state energy levels in QED. The kernel is symmetric in the two fermions and for the exchange of in and out momenta. The resulting equation is exactly soluble, unlike previously considered unperturbed kernels. We give explicitly the Green function and eigen-functions. We also discuss the problem of the behaviour of the wave functions at zero relative coordinate in connection with the contribution to energy levels from the one-photon annihilation channel in QED. 相似文献
15.
The one-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation is solved for the PT-symmetric generalized Hulthén potential in the scalar coupling scheme. The relativistic bound-state energy spectrum and the
corresponding wave functions are obtained by using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method which is based on solving the second-order
linear differential equations by reduction to a generalized equation of hypergeometric type.
PACS numbers: 03.65.Fd, 03.65.Ge 相似文献
16.
17.
Relativistic constraint mechanics yields consistent systems of coupled Dirac equations for pairs of spinning particles. We
explicitly connect these equations to the Bethe-Salpeter equation of quantum field theory and to the interactions of classical
Fokker-Tetrode dynamics (and hence to classical relativistic field theory) to obtain versions of these equations governed
by systems of (possibly noncoulombic) relativistic potentials whose detailed structures contain important relativistic effects
like correct Darwin interactions. We recast the defining pair of Dirac equations in a number of equivalent but important forms—“external
potential,” Sazdjian, hyperbolic, and Breit— and examine their interconnection. Since the potentials in these equations are
no more singular than — 1/4r2 we are able to solve appropriate versions of them nonperturbatively for the qˉq system to obtain a very good fit to the entire
meson spectrum and for the e
+
e
−
system to calculate the positronium spectrum of QED correct through order α
4
. 相似文献
18.
Collision strength for the transition within the first five fine-structure levels in Ni XIX are calculated using the Breit-PauliR-matrix method. Configuration interaction wave functions are used to represent the target states included in theR-matrix expansion. The relativistic effects are incorporated in the Breit-Pauli approximation by including the one-body mass
correction, Darwin and spin-orbit interaction terms in scattering equations. 相似文献
19.
Tiberiu Harko Francisco S. N. Lobo 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2010,70(1-2):373-379
We generalize the f(R) type gravity models by assuming that the gravitational Lagrangian is given by an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar R and of the matter Lagrangian L m . We obtain the gravitational field equations in the metric formalism, as well as the equations of motion for test particles, which follow from the covariant divergence of the energy-momentum tensor. The equations of motion for test particles can also be derived from a variational principle in the particular case in which the Lagrangian density of the matter is an arbitrary function of the energy density of the matter only. Generally, the motion is non-geodesic, and it takes place in the presence of an extra force orthogonal to the four-velocity. The Newtonian limit of the equation of motion is also considered, and a procedure for obtaining the energy-momentum tensor of the matter is presented. The gravitational field equations and the equations of motion for a particular model in which the action of the gravitational field has an exponential dependence on the standard general relativistic Hilbert–Einstein Lagrange density are also derived. 相似文献
20.
Morteza Mohseni 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2010,42(7):1727-1737
An energy-momentum tensor for general relativistic spinning fluids compatible with Tulczyjew-type supplementary condition
is derived from the variation of a general Lagrangian with unspecified explicit form. This tensor is the sum of a term containing
the Belinfante–Rosenfeld tensor and a modified perfect-fluid energy-momentum tensor in which the four-velocity is replaced
by a unit four-vector in the direction of fluid momentum. The equations of motion are obtained and it is shown that they admit
a Friedmann–Robertson–Walker space–time as a solution. 相似文献