儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶分子间相互作用模式的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,在6-31+G*基组水平上研究了儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶分子间相互作用机制,得到稳定的儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶复合物13个,并且复合物形成了2个或更多的氢键. 另外,在相同机组水平上进行了振动分析,结果表明儿茶素-胸腺嘧啶复合物间存在N-H…O、C-H…O、O-H…O三种类型氢键,氢键对于复合物的稳定性起着重要的作用. 应用了分子中的原子理论和自然键轨道理论对这13种复合物中氢键的性质和特征进行了分析. 发现所有的氢键复合物进行基组重叠误差校正后的相互作用能为-18.15～-32.99     

木犀草素和鸟嘌呤间相互作用的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP方法对木犀草素和鸟嘌呤之间的相互作用和机理进行研究,分别找到了十八种木犀草素和鸟嘌呤复合物. 结果表明这些复合物是通过氢键相互作用而稳定存在的. 利用分子中的原子理论(AIM)和自然键轨道理论(NBO)对体系中的氢键进行研究. 通过基组重叠误差校正的复合物间的相互作用能为6.04～56.94 kJ/mol,计算结果表明在木犀草素-鸟嘌呤复合物中有很强的氢键相互作用. 比较了木犀草素和四个DNA碱基间的相互作 用,发现木犀草素-胸腺嘧啶是最强的,木犀草素-腺嘌呤是最弱的.     

1,3,5-三氮杂苯－水簇氢键结构性质

在B3LYP/6-31 G**和MP2/6-31 G**水平上对1,3,5-三氮杂苯-(H2O)n(n=2,3)复合物的基态氢键结构进行几何优化和性质计算,结果表明复合物之间存在较强的氢键相互作用,所有稳定复合物结构中形成一个N…H-O氢键并终止于弱O…H-C氢键的氢键水链构型最稳定.氢键的形成是水分子中H-O键振动频率减小(红移).NBO分析表明,最稳定的1:2和1:3复合物发生分子问电荷转移总量分另q为0.02501 e和0.02777 e.     

5-氟尿嘧啶与一氧化碳复合物的结构与性质

采用量子化学密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)与CO形成的复合物体系进行了理论计算. 计算共获得了稳定的5-FU异构体12个,双酮式结构5-FU0为其最稳定的构型. 优化获得了稳定复合物44个,其结合方式是CO中的C或O原子与5-FU 的H8或H12键形成氢键;CO分子的C 与5-FU结合具有更大的优势,形成复合物的结合能大,更稳定. 研究还发现,复合物的稳定性与其单体稳定性和C13对氢键相邻单键的二阶稳定化能有关,5-FU0-A为最稳定复合物.     

5-氟尿嘧啶与一氧化碳复合物的结构与性质

采用量子化学密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)与CO形成的复合物体系进行了理论计算. 计算共获得了稳定的5-FU异构体12个,双酮式结构5-FU0为其最稳定的构型. 优化获得了稳定复合物44个,其结合方式是CO中的C或O原子与5-FU 的H8或H12键形成氢键;CO分子的C 与5-FU结合具有更大的优势,形成复合物的结合能大,更稳定. 研究还发现,复合物的稳定性与其单体稳定性和C13对氢键相邻单键的二阶稳定化能有关,5-FU0-A为最稳定复合物.     

儿茶素与脱氧腺苷相互作用的理论研究

本文采用密度泛函理论的M05方法,在6-311+G**基组水平上对建模的儿茶素-脱氧腺苷复合物进行几何结构的优化,得到了13个稳定的儿茶素-脱氧腺苷复合物.应用了自然键轨道(NBO)理论和分子中的原子理论(AIM)进行研究,氢键临界点电荷密度,拉普拉斯值,糖基扭转角!,假扭转角P等数据进行辅助研究,对这13种复合物中氢键的特征与性质进行了分析,还考虑了溶剂化效应对儿茶素与脱氧腺苷相互作用的影响.计算结果表明氢键对于复合物的稳定性起着非常重要的作用,而氢键的类型以及键级的大小共同影响着复合物的稳定性.所有的复合物进行基组重叠误差(BSSE)校正,相互作用能主要来自氢键贡献.通过计算结果分析比较,进而在理论上为儿茶素类药物的设计、修饰﹑合成和筛选提供有价值的信息.     

木犀草素与腺嘌呤相互作用的理论研究

本文采用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP方法,在6-31+G~*基组水平上对木犀草素—腺嘌呤复合物进行结构优化和振动频率分析,得到了16种稳定的木犀草素—腺嘌呤复合物.应用分子中的原子理论(AIM)分析、自然键轨道(NBO)理论分析得到复合物氢键性质和特征.通过基组重叠误差(BSSE)校正后的相互作用能、成键临界点电荷密度、二阶稳定化能综合分析,得出三氢键复合物C-11结构是最稳定的.综合比较DNA的四个碱基与木犀草素间的相互作用,木犀草素与胸腺嘧啶的相互作用最强,木犀草素-腺嘌呤相互作用最弱,DNA的四个碱基与木犀草素间的相互作用能均比木犀草素与水间相互作用能大,这说明木犀草素作为抗癌药物能有效的发挥作用.     

拉曼光谱法研究1,3-二甲基脲溶液中的相互作用

尿素类化合物在生命科学领域中有非常重要的作用,其独特的化学结构可与水等其他氢键给体材料形成氢键。氢键是生命分子体系中较常见和重要的分子间弱的相互作用,振动光谱方法为分子间氢键相互作用的研究提供有力的测量手段,其中拉曼光谱为研究水溶液中氢键形成和变化规律提供了可能。测得了1,3-二甲基脲(DMU)晶体的拉曼光谱,利用密度泛函理论(DFT)在B3LYP/6-311G**水平上对气态单体DMU进行结构的优化,并结合文献对拉曼光谱的谱线进行了归属认证。然后测得了1,3-DMU与水二元体系的拉曼光谱。相比与DMU晶体,当DMU分子溶于水后,水-DMU氢键相互作用将取代DMU-DMU分子间相互作用,导致氮原子杂化方式由sp2向sp3杂化转变。由此溶解过程中DMU分子的骨架从平面结构变成了非平面结构。     

1,1,3,3-四甲基脲—溶剂氢键复合物的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上对水、苯胺、氯仿与1,1,3,3-四甲基脲分子形成的1:1气相氢键复合物进行计算研究.结果表明,三种物质与1,1,3,3-四甲基脲形成的复合物存在氢键,表现为羰基氧原子的孤对电子与H—X(X=O,N,C)反键轨道的相互作用.氢键的形成使C=O和H—X的伸缩振动频率红移.在标准压力和298.15 K下,氢键复合物的形成是一个放热的非自发过程.     

C6H5COOH⋯X分子间氢键的理论研究

在B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p)理论水平,计算研究C6H5COOH...X分子间氢键的理论研究(X=H2O, HCOH, CH3COCH3, NH3, CH2NH和HCN)氢键体系。获得氢键复合物稳定结构、氢键相互作用能、振动频率、热力学性质等。计算结果表明,C6H5COO—H...X体系存在较强的O—H...O与O—H...N红移氢键。C6H5COO—H...X氢键复合物气态分子的自发形成过程温度不同,C6H5COOH...NH3和C6H5COOH...CH2NH 体系在室温下能自发进行,其余二聚体要在低温下才能自发进行。     

Molecular dynamics simulations of carbon dioxide hydrate growth in electrolyte solutions of NaCl and MgCl2

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the growth of carbon dioxide (CO₂) hydrate in electrolyte solutions of NaCl and MgCl₂. The kinetic behaviour of the hydrate growth is examined in terms of cage content, density profile, and mobility of ions and water molecules, and how these properties are influenced by added NaCl and MgCl₂. Our simulation results show that both NaCl and MgCl₂ inhibit the CO₂ hydrate growth. With a same mole concentration or ion density, MgCl₂ exhibits stronger inhibition on the growth of CO₂ hydrate than NaCl does. The growth rate of the CO₂ hydrate in NaCl and MgCl₂ solutions decreases slightly with increasing pressure. During the simulations, the Na⁺, Mg²⁺, and Cl^? ions are mostly excluded by the growing interface front. We find that these ions decrease the mobility of their surrounding water molecules, and thus reduce the opportunity for these water molecules to form cage-like clusters toward hydrate formation. We also note that during the growth processes, several 5¹²6³ cages appear at the hydrate/solution interface, although they are finally transformed to tetrakaidecahedral (5¹²6²) cages. Structural defects consisting of one water molecule trapped in a cage with its hydrogen atoms being attracted by two Cl^? ions have also been observed.     

Hydrogen bonds at silica–CO2 saturated water interface under geologic sequestration conditions

To investigate the effects of sequestration condition on hydrogen bonds between mineral and water, molecular dynamics simulations have been performed. The simulations were conducted at conditions related with geologic sequestration sites: pressure (3.1–32.6 MPa), temperature (318 and 383 K), salinity (0–3 M), salt (NaCl and CaCl₂) and silica surface models Q² (geminal), Q³ (isolated) and amorphous Q³. The hydrogen bonds were classified into four types: silica–silica, silica–dissolved CO₂, silica–water as donors and silica–water as acceptors. The mean numbers of hydrogen bonds for each type were analysed. The results show that: (1) silica surface silanol groups do not form H-bonds with dissolved CO₂ molecules in water (brine); (2) The mean number of hydrogen bonds between silanol groups follows the order: Q² > amorphous Q³ > Q³; (3) The mean number of hydrogen bonds between silanol and water molecules follows the order: Q³ > amorphous Q³ > Q².     

Barium isotope fractionation during experimental formation of the double carbonate BaMn[CO3]2 at ambient temperature

In this study, we present the first experimental results for stable barium (Ba) isotope (¹³⁷Ba/¹³⁴Ba) fractionation during low-temperature formation of the anhydrous double carbonate BaMn[CO₃]₂. This investigation is part of an ongoing work on Ba fractionation in the natural barium cycle. Precipitation at a temperature of 21±1°C leads to an enrichment of the lighter Ba isotope described by an enrichment factor of?0.11±0.06‰ in the double carbonate than in an aqueous barium-manganese(II) chloride/sodium bicarbonate solution, which is within the range of previous reports for synthetic pure BaCO ₃ (witherite) formation.     

Mid-infrared polarization spectroscopy of C2H2: Non-intrusive spatial-resolved measurements of polyatomic hydrocarbon molecules for combustion diagnostics

Polarization spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (IRPS) has been applied to the detection of acetylene molecules making use of the asymmetric C-H stretching vibration at around 3 μm. The infrared laser pulses were produced through difference frequency generation in a LiNbO₃ crystal pumped by a Nd:YAG and dye laser system. By directly probing the ro-vibrational transitions with IRPS, sensitive detection of molecules with otherwise inaccessible electronic states was realized with high temporal and spatial resolution by using a pulsed laser and a cross-beam geometry. Detection sensitivities of 2 × 10¹³ molecules/cm³ (10 ppm in 70 mbar gas mixture) of C₂H₂ were achieved using the P(1 1) line of the (0 1 0(1 1)⁰)-(0 0 0 0⁰ 0⁰) band. The dependence of the IRPS signal on the pump laser fluence, acetylene mole fraction, and buffer gas pressure of Ar, N₂, H₂, and CO₂ has been studied experimentally. The investigation demonstrates the quantitative nature of IRPS for sensitive detection of polyatomic IR active molecules. In order to fully demonstrate the technique for combustion applications, nascent acetylene molecules were measured in a low pressure methane/oxygen flame.     

第三族金属氧化物离子对二氧化碳转化的红外光谱研究

本文利用红外光解离光谱研究了第三族金属氧化物离子对二氧化碳分子的转化机制. 研究表明，对于[ScO(CO₂)_n]⁺体系，在n≤4时，形成了溶剂化结构；在n=5时，形成了碳酸盐结构，实现了二氧化碳的转化. 对于[YO(CO₂)_n]⁺体系，需要4个二氧化碳分子就可以实现二氧化碳的转化. 而在[YO(CO₂)_n]⁺体系中，只发现了溶剂化结构，没有观察到碳酸盐结构. 理论计算表明，[YO(CO₂)_n]⁺体系拥有最小的溶剂化结构向碳酸盐结构转化能垒，[LaO(CO₂)_n]⁺体系拥有最大的溶剂化结构向碳酸盐结构转化能垒. 本文从分子水平揭示了不同金属氧化物离子对二氧化碳分子转化的影响规律.     

不同pH酸性溶液中铂电极上氢析出和二氧化碳还原的电化学研究

本文利用循环伏安法和电化学原位红外光谱的联用,研究了Pt(111)和Pt膜电极在CO₂饱和的酸性溶液中氢析出和CO₂还原的竞争. 发现：(i)在pH>2的溶液中,主要反应是氢析出,界面pH值随着氢析出突然增加;(ii)通过红外光谱检测,CO_ad是CO₂还原过程中唯一的吸附中间体;(iii)CO_ad生成速率随着欠电位沉积氢(UPD-H)覆盖的增加而增大,并在氢析出的起始电位达到最大值;(iv)在氢析出时,CO_ad的减少与CO₂吸附和还原所必需的的中间产物(H_ad)有限的可用位点和停留时间相关.     

High resolution polarization spectroscopy and laser induced fluorescence of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> around 2μm

High resolution Infrared Polarisation Spectroscopy (IRPS) and Infrared Laser Induced Fluorescence (IRLIF) techniques were used to probe CO₂/N₂ binary gas mixture at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. The probed CO₂ molecules were prepared by laser excitation to an overtone and combination ro-vibrational state (12⁰1, J=15) of CO₂, centred at 4988.6612 cm^-1. IRPS and IRLIF line profiles were recorded for several CO₂/N₂ binary mixtures. The observed IRLIF line shapes have the expected Lorentzian form while the observed IRPS line shapes are narrower by a factor of two than those recorded with the IRLIF and appear to have a Lorentzian-cubed profile. The recorded line profiles provide measurements of the pressure-broadening coefficient directly at atmospheric pressure. The Full-Width-Half-Maxima (FWHM) pressure broadening coefficients are measured, based on IRLIF, to be 0.2174±0.0092 cm^-1atm^-1 and 0.1327 ±0.0077 cm^-1atm^-1 for self- and N₂ collision broadening, respectively. The broadening coefficients obtained based on IRPS were measured to be ~8% larger than those obtained with IRLIF.     

LiFePO4在不同pH值水溶液中电化学性能表现及其衰减机理

LiFePO₄在含Li⁺水溶液中的电化学性能稳定性与水溶液的pH值密切相关,当溶液的pH值达到11后LiFePO₄在充放电循环过程中的容量衰减十分明显. 通过循环伏安测试、交流阻抗测试、电极充放电性能测试、非原位X射线衍射测试以及化学分析的方式对其容量衰减机理进行了研究. 结果表明LiFePO₄在pH=7的LiNO₃水溶液中具有相对最高的电化学稳定性,但是LiFePO₄材料在水溶液中较之其在有机电解液中依然会有较差的电化学性能表现. 认为LiFePO₄在水介质中的容量衰减现象归因于其在持续充放电过程中的Li、Fe、P溶解,同时电极表面也会附着一层沉淀物. 这些最终导致了材料晶体结构的破坏、电极极化的增大以及电极容量的衰减.     

UH和UH2分子的结构与势能函数

用相对论有效原子实势(RECP)和密度泛函(B3LYP/SDD)方法研究了UH,UH₂基态和低激发态的结构和势能函数,导出了分子的光谱数据.结果表明,UH和UH₂的基电子状态分别为X⁴Π和X³A₂,离解能分别为2.886eV和5.249eV,UH₂具有C2v对称性,得到了UH和UH₂的几个不同的低激发态的结构与光谱数据.应用多体项展式理论以及数字拟合方法 关键词： UH 2')" href="#">UH₂ 势能函数 分子结构