超声复合振动系统中局部共振现象的有限元分析

本文用有限元软件对超声复合振动系统中的局部共振现象进行了仿真计算.通过对仿真结果的分析,验证了“局部共振是耦合振动”的观点.在此基础上,用有限元方法进一步研究了截面直径比、工具杆长度等影响局部共振的因素,总结出了产生局部共振的条件.     

用谐振来解释超声加工中的“局部共振”现象

本文采用机械阻抗方法分析了超声加工系统中出现的“局部共振”现象，通过对不同截面积比的变频杆和工具杆组合系统的计算，得出“局部共振”是超声加工系统的某些固有频率和工具杆固有频率相接近时的现象，此时整个系统仍是全谐振。     

一种新型的超声加工深小孔的工具系统

传统超声加工用工具或者很短,或者按半波长整数倍叠加.加工中工具长度的大量磨损会明显降低加工效率,因而必须经常更换工具.本文提出一种新型的超声加工深小孔的工具系统,能以特殊的方式工作.工具长度任意,加工中工具长度变化允许达80％;仅仅需要适当调节电发生器频率就能良好工作.本工具系统已成功地用在超声加工玻璃深小孔(圆形和异形孔),在玫璃上加工出直径6mm、深达280mm的孔.加工效率至少可以与常规方法相比. 观测了具有等截面细长杆的复合振动系统的频率特性和工具系统的振动模式,得出了工具杆“局部共振”的结论.初步探讨了产生这种共振的条件及其形成机理. 局部共振现象,应当还可用在高功率超声的其它场合.     

超声耦合振动与“局部共振”现象

本文从耦合振动的角度出发，对超声加工系统中出现的“局部共振”现象进行了研究，通过对振动系统的分析用计算，指出“局部共振”流言是耦合振动的一种表现。     

扭转超声振动系统中局部共振的研究

本文从扭转振动波动方程出发，推导出了具有类圆锥过渡段的复合阶梯型扭转变幅杆的频率方程解析表达式。从实验和理论上对该复合变幅杆的谐振频率随杆细端长度和直径的变化进行了测量和计算。通过对比，证明了复合振动系统中局部扭转共振现象的存在，并得到了其产生条件。     

对超声复合振动系统中“局部共振”现象的一种解释

对超声复合振动系统中的“局部共振”现象,基于熟知的棒或管中声波产生和传播的理论,提出一种机理解释。     

超声复合振动系统中的“局部共振”现象──20年来的应用和机理分析情况

本文作者及当时合作者在《应用声学》的创刊号中报道了超声振动系统中“局部共振”现象的发现及其一项应用。20年来,国内一些作者或者分别介绍了本现象在不同场合的应用,或者分别分析了这个现象的机理。值此《应用声学》庆祝创刊20周年之际,西文回顾了这些前期工作,提出了自己的一种关于机理的观点,并对“局部共振”现象的实用意义作了新的评价,希望能进一步促进这个现象的应用和对它的讨论。     

带压电片的阶梯形变幅杆的几何尺寸对振动特性的影响

本文分别讨论了两种振子:螺栓连接的振子和张力壳连接的振子。目的是:对螺栓连接的振子,通过改变阶梯形变幅杆的粗棒长度,分别研究细杆长度、位移振幅放大倍数,以及细杆输出位移振幅的变化,从而优选出变幅杆的粗端长度。另一方面对张力壳连接的振子,通过改变粗端直径大小,观察了细杆输出位移振幅的变化,粗、细端直径和谐振频率的关系。同时对细杆长度和谐振频率的关系,分别进行了探索,给出了选择振子尺寸的方法。 关键词：     

径向摆的运动状态及其混沌状态的研究

本文研究了第31届国际青年物理学家锦标赛(IYPT)中径向摆问题。利用弹性理论笔者对弹性杆和小球组成的径向摆体系进行了分析和实验检验。结果发现,通过改变摆的悬挂位置、弹性杆长度等参数可以改变摆球的运动轨迹。实验结果表明:弹性杆与摆球运动的牵连是径向摆摆的运动轨迹会发生转变的原因,而弹性杆的受迫共振是摆径向摆体系存在混沌现象的原因,混沌现象产生的条件是发生在弹性杆杨氏模量或截面积极小的情况。     

“局部共振”现象的理论解释

基于文献［1］描述的局部共振现象，以半波长夹心换能器与半波长圆锥形变幅杯组成的驱动系统，代替文献［1］中以磁致伸缩换能器与锥形变幅杯组成的驱动系统，计算了不同直径与长度的工具杆与驱动系统组成的振动系统的共振频率与速度增益，井与工具杆按固定-自由方式单独谐振的共振频率进行比较，给出了两者某些共振频率接近的典型例子．以全谐振的观点解释了文献［1］的实验结果．     

Numerical and experimental investigations on the band-gap characteristics of metamaterial multi-span beams

A novel metamaterial multi-span beam with periodic simple supports and local resonators is designed and investigated. The frequency responses of the proposed metamaterial multi-span beam are computed by the spectral element method (SEM). The accuracy and feasibility of the SEM are verified by the finite element method (FEM) and the vibration experiments. The results show that the metamaterial multi-span beam could generate both the local resonance band-gaps in the low-frequency ranges and the Bragg band-gaps in the medium and high frequency regions. By adjusting the natural frequencies of the local resonators, the thickness of the base beam and the length of the unit-cell, the local resonance and the Bragg band-gaps can be controlled, respectively. The coupling effects of these two kinds of band-gaps are investigated by the parametrical design, which broadens the band-gaps and consequently improves the vibration reduction performance.     

Ultrasonic radiation in dynamic force microscopy

In dynamic force microscopy the cantilever of an atomic force microscope is vibrated at ultrasonic frequencies in the range of several 10 kHz up to several MHz while scanning a sample surface. The amplitude and phase of the cantilever vibration as well as the shift of the cantilever resonance frequencies provide information about local sample surface properties. In several operation modes of dynamic force microscopy, for example force modulation microscopy, tapping mode or atomic force acoustic microscopy, the sensor tip is in contact with the sample at least during a fraction of its vibration cycle. The periodic indentation of the tip with the sample surface generates ultrasonic waves. In this paper, the ultrasonic radiation of a vibrating cantilever into a sample and its contribution to the damping of the cantilever vibration are calculated. The theoretical results are compared to experiments.     

Simplified formulae to investigate flexural vibration characteristics of piezoelectric tubes in ultrasonic micro-actuators

Based on the Rayleigh energy theory combining with Timoshenko beam model, the flexural vibration characteristics of piezoelectric tubes in ultrasonic micro-actuators are investigated. Additionally, the simplified formulae are derived to study the fundamental flexural resonance frequencies of the piezoelectric tubes with free-free ends and cantilevers. By changing the sizes of the tubes and the mass loads at the free ends, the variations of the flexural resonance frequencies of the piezoelectric tubes and cantilevers are calculated theoretically. To verify accuracy of the simplified formulae, by changing the lengths of the tubes and the mass loads the flexural resonance frequencies of the piezoelectric tube with free-free ends are measured experimentally. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental measurements, which demonstrate that the simplified formulae are accurate and effective for analyzing the flexural vibration characteristics of the piezoelectric tubes in the ultrasonic micro-actuators.     

Modulated angle beam ultrasonic spectroscopy for evaluation of imperfect interfaces and adhesive bonds

An experimental method incorporating high frequency pulsed angle beam ultrasonic measurements modulated by low frequency vibrations of a bonded structure is described. This method uses parametric/nonlinear mixing between high and low frequencies to characterize adhesive degradation. It is demonstrated that good quality (undamaged) bonds exhibit little dependence of ultrasonic signature on the overlay of low frequency vibration loads; however, environmentally degraded or imperfect bonds exhibit strong modulation of the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic signal reflected from the bond. The results are interpreted using a model for normal and oblique wave interaction with two nonlinear interfaces separated by an adhesive layer under quasi-static stress modulation.     

Mono-coupled periodic systems with a single disorder: Response to convected loadings

This paper presents a general theory of the forced response under convected loading of mono-coupled periodic systems with a single disorder. The general expressions derived have been used to study the response of an infinite periodic beam on simple supports with one of the support spacings different from all the others. Convected harmonic pressure fields and frozen random pressure fields have been considered. Computer studies are presented showing the moment response at supports and the space-time-averaged responses in the disorder and in the nearby periodic beam elements. High response levels can occur due to (i) resonances of the beam length disorder against the stiffness of the attached periodic systems and (ii) hydrodynamic coincidence vibration occurring in the periodic beam. The frequency zones in which these high responses may occur are identified. The high response due to the resonance (ii) is restricted to the vicinity of the disorder, whereas that due to coincidence occurs throughout the system. Computed results show that the highest response levels do not necessarily occur in the beam length disorder, but may occur in one of the nearby periodic beam elements. The dependence of the maximum response levels on the magnitude of the disorder has been investigated. The conditions under which small disorders may be neglected have been pointed out.     

复合局域共振梁结构带隙研究

该文将周期局域共振梁结构中的基体结构由单一材料发展成多相材料,建立了周期复合局域共振梁结构。由共振单元在单胞中的排列位置,考虑了三种构型,并利用传递矩阵方法计算了在弹性基底作用下这些结构产生的局域共振带隙性质。结果表明,与局域共振梁结构相比,复合局域共振梁结构产生的局域共振带隙对应的频率范围更宽,禁带范围内弹性波的衰减峰值和衰减均值更高。除此之外,该文还分析了局域共振结构、单胞尺寸、基体材料和局域共振结构中的阻尼对弹性波在空间中传播和衰减特性的影响,为满足特定的隔声隔振要求的结构设计提供了依据。