Ag核Au壳复合纳米粒子为标记溶胶免疫检测的SERS研究

以种子生长法合成Ag核Au壳复合纳米粒子,苯硫酚分子(TP)在其表面的SERS增强随Au摩尔比例的增加呈现先增强后减弱的趋势,其最大增强为相应Ag纳米粒子的10倍。将标记分子TP,羊抗小鼠抗体固定在Ag核Au壳复合纳米粒子表面形成标记免疫溶胶,其与被基底捕获抗原分子发生免疫识别,通过TP分子的SERS信号进行免疫检测。     

对巯基苯胺在拉曼免疫检测中的应用

文章以对巯基苯胺(PATP)作为标记分子,研究其在金电极上的吸附.发现对巯基苯胺分子是采用苯环直立于电极表面的吸附方式吸附于电极表面的.用于免疫检测时,对巯基苯胺分子先通过直立吸附的方法达到满单层吸附,然后通过胺基与抗体分子的羧基相连,形成一种复层结构,再与基底结合,得到固相抗体-抗原-标记抗体"三明治"结构.借助抗体上标记金纳米粒子的SERS信号达到单组分生物免疫检测的目的.     

表面增强拉曼光谱对免疫球蛋白IgG分子与银基底作用的研究

采用高灵敏度的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术,以具有强SERS信号的金纳米粒子标记抗体,以此SERS标记免疫金溶胶为探针,结合扫描电镜技术,研究免疫球蛋白羊抗小鼠IgG分子与银基底的相互作用。我们发现,羊抗小鼠IgG分子可直接与银基底通过疏水作用或形成Ag-S键而牢固结合。为消除这种非特性吸附,本文以小牛血清白蛋白(BSA)封闭银基底,取得了较好的效果。     

不同粒径、超均匀球形金纳米粒子合成及其表面增强拉曼散射效应研究

以氯金酸为原料,抗坏血酸为还原剂,柠檬酸钠为保护剂,用化学还原(种子生长)法制备了不同粒径、超均匀的球形金纳米粒子溶胶,并通过紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征。结果表明,随着金纳米粒子粒径的增大,其UV-Vis光谱中的吸收峰发生红移并出现四极峰。为进一步研究金纳米粒子表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应的作用机理并优化其灵敏度,我们以罗丹明6G(R6G)为探针分子,对不同粒径的金纳米粒子进行SERS表征,发现R6G的SERS信号随着金纳米粒子的增大先增强后减弱。当金纳米粒子的平均粒径达到120 nm时,产生最强SERS信号增强,增强因子约为1.1×107。三维时域有限差分法(3D-FDTD)理论模拟纳米粒子阵列电磁场分布结果与实验数据的趋势一致。     

基于SERS标记免疫检测的再生性研究

具有高灵敏度,高选择性特点的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)与免疫学中的特异吸附机理相结合形成的SERS标记免疫检测技术具有很大的研究及应用价值。文章重点研究了关于SERS标记免疫检测的再生性问题,力求增加此技术的循环利用价值。实验采用甘氨酸-HCl生物缓冲体系对三明治结构(固相抗体-抗原-标记免疫金溶胶)进行洗脱,通过酸碱度的改变,促使抗体抗原复合物发生解离。实验结果表明,洗脱24 h后,固相抗体上连接的抗原及标记免疫溶胶能得到很好的去除,去除后再次组装三明治结构,仍能通过对标记分子的识别进行SERS标记免疫检测。在此基础上还研究了此方法的稳定性与重复使用次数,发现其具有较好的稳定性,重复使用次数可达10次左右。     

苯硫酚吸附在新型Ag-Au合金纳米粒子上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

以柠檬酸钠同时还原制备的Ag-Au合金纳米粒子为种子,用盐酸羟胺进一步使其生长得到粒径为40～60 nm的新型Ag-Au合金纳米粒子,采用UV-Vis光谱和TEM对纳米种子和再生长后的纳米粒子分别进行表征。两种粒子的UV-Vis光谱均只观察到一个等离子体共振峰,其频率随金的摩尔分数(x_Au)增加而红移,且TEM图像表明这两种粒子的颜色均一,因此判断这两种粒子均为合金结构。以苯硫酚为探针分子,研究了该新型合金纳米粒子的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),结果表明吸附了苯硫酚的合金纳米粒子的紫外最大吸收峰红移,并在近红外区出现聚集体的吸收峰。在632.8 nm波长激发下,由于表面等离子体共振效应Au上的SERS信号最强,而合金纳米粒子上的SERS信号随x_Au增大而增强。     

谷胱甘肽在金纳米粒子有序膜表面吸附的表面增强Raman光谱表征

将制备好的金纳米溶胶粒子组装在3-氨基丙基-三甲氧基硅烷(APTMS)修饰的ITO导电玻璃表面,形成金纳米粒子有序膜。FE-SEM电镜图显示金纳米粒子有序膜呈现出较为均匀的亚单层分布。同时利用电化学方法对有序膜进行了表征。将有序膜作为表面增强Raman光谱(SERS)基底应用于生物分子谷胱甘肽的SERS光谱表征与分析。研究表明,所制备的金纳米粒子有序膜可有效应用于谷胱甘肽分子的SERS光谱表征与分析。     

硫化钠表面增强拉曼光谱及其在味精检测中的应用研究

采用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)表征了硫化钠分子的振动模式,获得了硫化钠较为全面的分子结构振动信息,确定以472 cm-1的特征峰为研究对象。以金溶胶为表面增强活性基底,研究了金纳米粒子粒径对增强效果的影响,确定粒径为97 nm的金溶胶增强效果最佳。以硝酸作为促凝剂,测得不同浓度硫化钠溶液的SERS。结果表明,当硫化钠浓度低至10-6 g·mL-1时,依然可以得到明显的拉曼光谱信号,光谱强度与金溶胶和硫化钠溶液的配比有关。将这种硫化钠的检测方法应用于味精样品的检测之中。分别在不同浓度的10 mL硫化钠溶液中溶入1 g味精,检测所得溶液的SERS。结果表明,当每千克味精中硫化钠的含量为10 mg时仍可检测出SERS信号,此种方法无需样品的预处理,操作简便快捷,在味精中硫化钠的定性检测方面具有特有的优势。     

挥发性有机物的表面增强拉曼光谱检测研究

金纳米粒子由于其具有表面增强效应以及良好的化学稳定性,常被用作SERS基底。本文以粒径30nm的均匀准球形金纳米粒子为单元,通过气液界面自组装技术获得增强活性高、均匀性和重现性优良的单层膜SERS基底,开展了硝基苯、苯硫酚、对二甲苯等挥发性有机物的SERS检测,并进行了室温开放体系挥发性有机物的非接触式SERS检测。以苯硫酚为模型,研究有机挥发物分子的吸附行为与距离之间的关系。探索利用便携式拉曼仪开展挥发性有机物的现场SERS检测。     

挥发性有机物的非接触SERS检测

挥发性有机物在自然环境中普遍存在,对人体健康造成显著影响,为此亟待发展高灵敏度的快速识别和检测技术。本文通过制备和优化表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhanced Raman scattering,SERS)基底,实现了强吸附和弱吸附型挥发性有机物的检测。首先利用化学方法合成了粒径约为30nm的均匀准球形金纳米粒子,该粒子具有SERS效应以及良好的化学稳定性,以该纳米粒子为单元,通过气液两相界面自组装技术制备增强性能好、SERS信号均匀的金纳米粒子单层膜(Au MLF),并以此为SERS基底对挥发性有机物苯硫酚进行了检测。为了实现弱吸附挥发物质的检测,对Au MLF表面进行了修饰,构建了聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)-Au MLF复合基底,实现了苯及二甲苯等弱吸附型挥发性有机物的检测。     

一种用表面增强拉曼光谱进行免疫检测的方法

一种结合表面增强拉曼(SERS)技术和纳米粒子标记技术,通过银增强来实现免疫检测的方法。将p-巯基苯甲酸(MBA)作为探针,固定在免疫金溶胶粒子表面形成纳米标记,其与被基底捕获抗原分子发生免疫识别。通过银增强技术,在"三明治"结构对探针进行拉曼检测。     

Detection of the potential tumor marker of AFP using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐based immunoassay

The development of rapid, highly sensitive detection methods for α‐fetoprotein (AFP) is very important. As hepatocellular carcinoma is closely related to the level of AFP in the blood, it is necessary to maintain an AFP concentration below the safety limit. In this paper, we propose a universal, rapid, sensitive, and highly specific immunoassay system utilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This new system features a sandwich structure combining mercaptobenzoic acid‐labeled immunogold nanoparticles with the antigen and the antibody atop a pre‐designed substrate made of a glass slide modified with AuNPs. This SERS‐based immunoassay can detect AFP concentrations as low as 100 pg/ml, which is a significant improvement on the capabilities of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. A good linear relationship between the SERS peak intensity and the logarithm of antigen concentrations (from 1 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml) was observed. This technique provides an effective model for the detection of biomarkers in medical diagnostics, criminal investigation, and other fields. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering of hydroxyproline

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of hydroxyproline and one deuterated analogue are reported. In this work, we tackled the problem of SERS reproducibility by employing gold colloids instead of the usual silver sols to achieve plasmon enhanced Raman scattering. We slightly modified modified a previously published procedure to obtain to obtain the colloid, and concentrated the gold particles by centrifugation. The SERS spectra show distinctive bands of hydroxyproline, assigned by comparison to normal Raman spectra and density functional theory calculations. Repeated measurements using this procedure showed reproducible SERS spectra. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

SERS of plant material

Colloidal gold and silver were formed by the spontaneous reduction of metal salts by plant tissue—alfalfa seeds, green tea leaves, carrots and red cabbage. The colloids were analyzed using electron microscopy and spectroscopic tools. The reduction process yielded stable gold colloids, but for silver the colloidal particles were bigger and less stable, tending to form aggregates. The formation of metal colloids enabled surface‐enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) measurements, yielding specific vibrational signatures for the plant components in the proximity of the colloids. The main SERS peaks were attributed to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and other adenine‐containing materials. Other peaks were assigned to flavins [e.g. flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)], chlorophyll, lipids and other biocomponents. Since the SERS spectra did not show any antioxidants common to all four different types of plant tissue, it is proposed that NAD and FAD compounds that play an important role in the respiration process may be involved in the metal reduction process. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Detection of protein molecules by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy‐based immunoassay using 2–5 nm gold nanoparticle lables

Here we report the synthesis of 2–5 nm size gold nanoparticle labels for surface‐enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) based immunoassay to detect protein molecules. The Au nanoparticles were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and goat anti‐h‐IgG (immunoglobin) and the resultant particles were used for the detection of h‐IgG. Commercially available nitrocellulose strip and silver enhancement method were used for SERS‐based immunoassays. The FITC acts as a Raman probe, and vibrational fingerprint of this molecule was used for the detection of h‐IgG in concentration ranging from 1 to 100 ng/µl. Our Raman probe is robust and small in size and has high water solubility with minimum steric effect during antigen–antibody binding. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

运用表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)和密度泛函数理论(DFT)模拟计算研究对硝基苯胺在金纳米颗粒表面吸附行为

在沉积金纳米颗粒的干燥滤纸上进行对硝基苯胺的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱研究,并与对硝基苯胺在金胶水溶液中的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱相比,分子拉曼光谱发生了很大变化。同时利用DFT理论计算对硝基苯胺在金胶颗粒上的吸附行为的拉曼光谱。DFT理论模拟计算和FI-Raman实验分析都表明这种变化源于对硝基苯胺的不同吸附方式。SERS和DFT结合研究分子的吸附是一种有效的技术。     

金溶胶中邻羟基苯甲酸吸附行为的密度泛函理论与实验研究

研究了邻羟基苯甲酸(OHBA)的常规拉曼散射(NRS)光谱以及其吸附在Au纳米颗粒上的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱。以氯金酸为原料,柠檬酸三钠为还原剂,用化学还原法制备了球形的金纳米粒子溶胶,采用激光显微拉曼光谱仪(激发波长为785 nm),测定OHBA分子的NRS光谱及其吸附在Au纳米颗粒上的SERS光谱。同时,应用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/6-31+G**(C,H,O)/LANL2DZ(Au)水平上,对OHBA分子进行了结构优化,在此基础上计算了OHBA分子的NRS光谱以及其吸附在Au纳米颗粒上两种不同吸附构型下的SERS光谱,并和实验值进行比较。结果表明,OHBA分子通过羧基吸附构型的计算值比通过羟基吸附构型的计算值与实验值符合的更好。最后,利用GaussView可视化软件对其振动模式进行了全面归属。通过对邻羟基苯甲酸分子拉曼谱峰的详细指认能够得出：Au溶胶中的邻羟基苯甲酸分子,是通过羧基倾斜地吸附在Au纳米颗粒表面的。可视化软件直观形象地展示出了该分子的结构特征和分子基团振动情况,对其振动峰位的归属提供了重要依据。本文工作对推进邻羟基苯甲酸在生物医药等领域进一步的应用具有重要作用。     

Experimental (FT-IR) and theoretical (DFT) studies on the adsorption behavior of p-nitroaniline (PNA) on gold nanoparticales

This paper reports the studies on the adsorption behavior of p-nitroaniline (PNA) on gold nanoparticales by experiment (FT-IR) and theory (DFT). On dried filter paper coated with gold nanoparticles and in gold aqueous colloids, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of p-nitroaniline (PNA) are studied by FT-IR excitation. The Raman frequencies of these two models for the p-nitroaniline (PNA) molecules on different substrate using DFT-B3PW91 with lanl2dz are calculated. Here it is demonstrated the calculated Raman frequencies are in good agreement with experimental values. Experimental (FT-IR) and theoretical (DFT) studies indicate that the adsorption behaviors of PNA molecules are different on these two substrates: in gold aqueous colloids, PNA molecules are adsorbed through the nitro group; while on the gold-coated filter paper, they are titled and there is a certain angle between the benzene rings and the surfaces of gold nanoparticles.