用声透射损失测气一水混相介质中的含气量

本文利用超声检测中的穿透法,用频率为０．５ＭＨｚ、１ＭＨｚ、１．２５ＭＨｚ、２ＭＨｚ、２．５ＭＨｚ的声波,测量了气－水混相介质听声速比值和声透射损失,结果表明,在气泡大小,分布一定的情况下,可能用声透射损失来确定混相介质中的含量量,但不宜用声速比值。     

在气液混相介质中测量声透射损失

用频率分别为0．5,1,1．25,2,2．5MHz的超声波,对气水混相介质声透射损失进行了测量,结果发现：声透射损失随含气量的增加急剧增大．在气泡大小、分布一定的情况下,可以用声透射损失来反映混相介质中的含气量．     

二极管激光泵浦固体激光器和稳频研究

用调制法布里－珀罗干涉仪方法稳定二极管激光泵浦的ＮｄＹＶＯ４单频激光器的频率。在锁定情形下，激光频从自由运行慢漂移１．４３ＭＨｚ／ｓ和抖动±２．５ＭＨｚ分别改善到７５．７５ｋＨｚ／ｓ和±１ＭＨｚ     

用于甚高频rf SQUID的电感耦合式谐振器

我们对电感耦合式的ＬＣ谐振器进行了研究,在１００ＭＨｚ到１．５ＧＨｚ的频段内测量了这种谐振器的有载品质因数ＱＬ,并在１３０ＭＨｚ的电路上使用电感耦合式谐振器进行了磁场测量．实验表明,与原来的电容分路式谐振器相比,电感耦合式谐振器能提高品质因数Ｑ２～３倍,可用于较宽的频段范围内（１００ＭＨｚ～１．５ＧＨｚ）,具有参数易于控制的优点,实际测量得到的磁通噪声谱密度,与电容分路式的谐振器相比,下降了３０％．     

用超声波测气—水混相介质中的含气量

本文通过对气—水混相介质中声速和声衰减的测量，建立起了声学量与含气量间的关系，对实现用声学量测量混相介质中的含气量具有重要的意义．     

频率对双频超声辐照声化学产额增强效应的影响

本文采用电学法研究了２８ｋＨｚ分别与０．８７ＭＨｚ、１ＭＨｚ、１．７ＭＨｚ组成的双频超声辐照的声化学效应。结果表明，双频辐照增强声化学产额具有明显的频率效率。     

激光二极管泵浦预激光调QNd：YAG单纵模激光器研究

用国产连续输出功率为１．５Ｗ的半导体激光泵浦Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光器，获得了预激光调Ｑ单纵模激光输出，调Ｑ脉冲幅度起伏小于±１％，输出单纵模线宽小于２５ＭＨｚ。     

用超声波测气——水混相介质中的含气量

本文通过对气－水混相介质中声速和声衰减的测量，建立起了声学量与含气量间的关系，对实现用声学量混相介质中的含气量具有重要的意义。     

水浸式超声检测成像系统研制成功

受中国航空工业总公司南方动力机械公司航空事业部委托,我们为其研制出一套水浸式超声检测成像系统,并于９９年２月２日在该部顺利通过鉴定验收,完全达到了用户所提要求,受到高度评价．该系统的功能及指标如下：（１）对超声回波射频或检波波形实时显示．（２）可按需要选择Ａ－Ｂ,Ｂ－Ｃ,Ａ－Ｃ实时成像（扫描可任选ＸＹ,ＸＲ,ＸＲ）。（３）图像显示方式可以直角坐标与极坐标成像（图像与实际面积相等或成比例）。（４）超声使用频率达到１２ＭＨｚ（至少１０ＭＨｚ能稳定使用）．（５）能与Ｓ－８０、ＳＯＮＩＣ１３８等仪器配用…     

射频激励层叠式波导CO2激光器

提出一种射频激励层叠式波导ＣＯ２激光器技术，在两个波导空间尺寸均为１×１４．５×２００ｍｍ３、射频电源频率为９９ＭＨｚ的条件下，获得最大输出功率为７５Ｗ、最大电光转换效率为１０．８％的实验结果，并在远场得到单峰分布的一维压窄光斑     

Acousto-induced structural change in amorphous As2S3

The acoustic flux injection method was applied to amorphous As₂S₃. The velocity and the attenuation constant for shear wave at ～ 100MHz were measured through the observation of the Brillouin scattering of the light beam from a He-Ne laser. The optical transmission around absorption edge was found to change after the injection of acoustic fluxes. It was also found that the sound velocity decreased with increasing injection time of acoustic fluxes and the amount of the change of the sound velocity reached ～ 20% after 10⁵ injections. The changes in the optical transmission and the sound velocity tended to be erased by annealing below the glass transition temperature. These phenomena are considered to be due to structural changes caused by the injection of strong acoustic fluxes.     

Propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators

Helmholtz resonators are widely used to reduce noise in a fluid-filled pipe system. It is a challenge to obtain lowfrequency and broadband attenuation with a small sized cavity. In this paper, the propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe system with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators is studied theoretically. The resonance frequency and sound transmission loss of one unit are analyzed to validate the correctness of simplified acoustic impedance. The band structure of infinite periodic cells and sound transmission loss of finite periodic cells are calculated by the transfer matrix method and finite element software. The effects of several parameters on band gap and sound transmission loss are probed.Further, the negative bulk modulus of periodic cells with elastic Helmholtz resonators is analyzed. Numerical results show that the acoustic propagation properties in the periodic pipe, such as low frequency, broadband sound transmission, can be improved.     

An indirect hybrid sound transmission loss controller

The control of sound transmission through panels is an important noise control problem in the aerospace, aeronautical, and automotive industries. The trend towards using lightweight composite materials that have lower sound insulation performance is a negative factor regarding low frequency transmission loss. Double-panel partitions with the gap filled with sound absorption materials are often employed to improve the sound insulation performance with reduced added weight penalty. However, in the low frequency range, the strong coupling between the panels through the air cavity and mechanical paths may greatly reduce the sound transmission performance, making it even lower than the performance of a single panel in some frequency ranges. In this work, an experimental investigation of a new kind of hybrid (active/passive) acoustic actuator is presented. The idea consists of replacing the acoustic absorption material by a hybrid actuator aiming at improving the transmission loss at low frequencies without altering the passive attenuation. A prototype of the system is tested in a plane wave acoustic tube setup. Different kinds of SISO feedforward control implementations were used to attenuate the sound power transmitted through the hybrid active–passive panel using an error microphone or a particle velocity sensor placed downstream with respect to the sample panel. Measurement results of the transmission loss with active and hybrid attenuation are presented and discussed.     

Geoacoustic Inversion Based on a Vector Hydrophone Array

We propose a geoacoustic inversion scheme employing a vector hydrophone array based on the fact that vector hydrophone can provide more acoustic field information than traditional pressure hydrophones. Firstly, the transmission loss of particle velocities is discussed. Secondly, the sediment sound speed is acquired by a matchedfield processing （MFP） procedure, which is the optimization in combination of the pressure field and vertical particle velocity field. Finally, the bottom attenuation is estimated from the transmission loss difference between the vertical particle velocity and the pressure. The inversion method based on the vector hydrophone array mainly has two advantages： One is that the MFP method based on vector field can decrease the uncertain estimation of the sediment sound speed. The other is that the objective function based on the transmission loss difference has good sensitivity to the sediment attenuation and the inverted sediment attenuation is independent of source level. The validity of the inverted parameters is examined by comparison of the numerical results with the experimental data.     

Research on sound velocity measurement in a laboratory for large elastic materials

A measurement scheme carried out in a tank is designed to obtain the compressionaland shear-wave velocities of a large elastic material.A hydrophone is used to receive the high frequency acoustic signals which penetrate the tested material,in order to determine the transmission time from the source to the hydrophone,the transmission time is also calculated according to the ray acoustic theory in layered media.A cost function is built based on the measured and the calculated transmission time,then the compressional- and shear-wave velocities can be obtained using the optimization algorithm.Compared with the traditional measurement scheme,this approach can not only get the 2 kinds of sound velocities in the tested material at the same time,but also keep the integrality of the tested material.With the proposed measurement system,the uncertainty of measurement results is less than 3.5%.     

Theoretical investigation of the sound attenuation of membrane-type acoustic metamaterials

Membrane-type acoustic metamaterials have been recently shown to exhibit good performance of sound attenuation in a low frequency range. An analytical approach for the fast calculation of sound transmission loss of the membrane-type acoustic metamaterials is presented here. The discussion indicate that the first transmission loss valley and the transmission loss peak depend strongly on the attaching mass, while the second transmission loss valley is mainly influenced by the membrane properties. The effects of membrane tension and mass position on the transmission loss and characteristic frequencies are also discussed in detail.     

Experimental estimation of the transmission loss contributions of a sound package placed in a double wall structure

The objective of this paper is to propose a practical impedance tube method to optimize the sound transmission loss of double wall structure by concentrating on the sound package placed inside the structure. In a previous work, the authors derived an expression that breakdown the transmission loss of a double wall structure containing a sound absorbing blanket separated from the panels by air layers in terms of three main contributions; (i) sound transmission loss of the panels, (ii) sound transmission loss of the blanket and (iii) sound absorption due to multiple reflections inside the cavity. The sound transmission loss contributions of the blanket can thus be estimated from three acoustic measurements using impedance tube techniques: two reflection coefficients at the front face and the rear face of the blanket placed in specific positions characteristic of its position inside the double wall structure and its sound transmission coefficient. The method is first validated in the case of a double wall structure filled with a 2 in. foam material. Next, it is applied to investigate (i) the effect of frame compression of a 2 in. fibre glass in an aeronautic-type double wall structure and (ii) the effect of double porosity with or without porous inclusions in a building-type double wall structure.     

浅海复杂环境下等效声速剖面的构建方法*

针对浅海复杂环境声速剖面水平变化情况下的声传播损失预报及目标定位问题，提出了一种基于遗传算法的等效声速剖面重构算法。首先，将声速剖面进行时间和空间上的分解，从而将声速剖面抽象为对声速剖面前三阶正交函数系数的反演；其次，利用遗传算法，以先验声速剖面集为基础，进行参数反演。仿真结果表明，在浅海复杂条件下，传播损失预报受声速剖面及海洋参数的影响，不能直接运用接收或发射位置处的声速剖面进行传播损失预报，否则会对预报结果造成误差。通过构建具有声传播累积效应的等效声速剖面可以提高匹配场定位精度，完成目标定位，且在构建等效声速剖面时，接收位置处即本地声速剖面所占权重较大。