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1.
基于超声红外技术对金属管内壁缺陷的检测   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
为提高管道的运送效率,及时检测排除管道内壁的缺陷非常重要。提出利用超声红外无损检测方法对管道内部进行检测。超声主动热激励试件,高频红外热像仪记录试件表面温度变化,结合了超声摩擦生热和红外热成像的优点。对壁厚约为3.3mm检测难度较大的金属管内壁缺陷进行了检测。通过对采集数据和热图的处理分析,准确快速地确定缺陷所在的位置。实物对比分析表明:超声热激励红外无损检测技术可以对金属管道内壁缺陷进行准确检测定位。  相似文献   

2.
蜂窝缺陷的红外无损检测及有限元模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
蜂窝结构在使用过程中,常见的缺陷有脱粘和积水。红外无损检测技术通过对试件主动加热,利用热像仪采集试件表面的红外辐射变化,从而检测出物体的缺陷信息。实验结果表明,蜂窝积水位置的温度要低于参考区域的温度。基于这一现象,利用Ansys有限元软件模拟了蜂窝结构的脉冲红外热成像检测过程,并与实际脉冲红外热成像用于表面下识别检测实验结果进行对比,验证了模拟结果的正确性。对蜂窝结构的积水、脱粘和积油缺陷模拟并进行对比识别,为实际实验提供理论基础。  相似文献   

3.
在红外热波无损检测中获取的热像序列存在着背景噪声大、缺陷边缘模糊、对比度低等特点。为了提高由红外热像序列重构的数字图像的缺陷显示能力,以小波变换为热像处理工具,采用基于像素级和特征级的图像融合算法对热像序列进行了处理,并采用基于统计学的图像评估标准对处理效果作了定量评价。通过对铝合金试件的检测实验说明该方法可用于材料内部缺陷的红外热波无损检测。研究结果表明,此种图像融合算法可对不同深度缺陷所对应的两幅最佳热像进行有效地融合,在一幅融合图像中直观地反映出全部缺陷,并能有效地减少加热不均和背景噪声对缺陷识别的不利影响。  相似文献   

4.
为实现对复合材料表面及浅表面损伤的快速检测,采用振动热成像技术,对复合材料在疲劳、冲击等不同作用下产生的损伤进行了检测研究。分析了瞬时性和周期性两种内生热源形式下平板构件的表面温度场分布。基于有限元法计算了表面裂纹、浅表面分层及内部脱粘等不同类型损伤在振动激励条件下的生热情况。在设计制作复合材料疲劳裂纹试件和冲击损伤试件的基础上,利用超声波发生器和红外热像仪开展了试验研究。结果表明:振动热成像技术能够快速准确地检测到复合材料表面及浅表面的紧贴型损伤;通过红外序列图中热斑形状可判断损伤的类型。  相似文献   

5.
多层结构中脱粘缺陷的超声检测方法   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
固体火箭发动机多层装药结构中的脱粘类型、位置和尺寸决定了其对整体安全性能构成的威胁程度。该文研究了多层结构中脱粘缺陷的超声检测方法,通过对不同脱粘缺陷超声脉冲回波的特征分析与统计,实现缺陷的定性、定位和定量。首先,采集含有多类脱粘缺陷的粘接结构的超声脉冲回波信号,分析信号中主能量波包所代表的声程,提取五种声程的波峰时刻和幅值作为特征值,组建已知脱粘类型训练样本并输入至BP神经网络,实现特征值域到类别域的非线性映射,即脱粘类型分类;其次,采用阈值法确定缺陷的界面位置;最后,提出分段线性插值-相关性定量法将待检测缺陷的定量结果缩小到±2 mm以内。该文利用COMSOL有限元仿真和实验操作验证了多层粘接结构中脱粘缺陷的定性、定位和定量方法的可行性和可靠性。  相似文献   

6.
陈大鹏  邢春飞  张峥  张存林 《物理学报》2012,61(2):24202-024202
本文的目的在于探索一种新的适用于红外热波检测技术的热激励方式——太赫兹(THz)热激励. 文中介绍了THz波周期性热激励的热传导理论模型; 尝试利用返波振荡器(返波管backward wave oscillator, BWO)太赫兹源对一块碳纤维基底吸波涂层板进行周期性THz热激励, 红外热像仪连续观测和记录试件表面温场变化, Canny边缘算法处理热图像显示缺陷; 检测结果与闪光灯脉冲激励的结果进行比较, 讨论了太赫兹波激励红外热波检测技术可能的优势. 实现了THz技术与红外热波无损检测技术的结合.  相似文献   

7.
陈大鹏  曾智  张存林  金学元  张峥 《物理学报》2012,61(9):94207-094207
本项研究的目的在于探索热核聚变实验堆中超导母线绝缘层的主动式 红外热波检测方法.文中用装有热水的薄膜袋对预埋脱黏缺陷的试件表面进行接触热激励; 给出了在面热源作用下长圆柱内一维瞬态导热的近似理论模型;通 过对理论模型的模拟和分析,发现对热波降温信号进行微分处理可有效提高缺陷和 非缺陷信号对比度;与闪光灯激励的结果进行比较,显示接触热激励的检测深度优于 闪光灯脉冲热激励.  相似文献   

8.
锁相红外热像技术由于其实时、快速、无损以及非接触等优点,被逐渐应用于疲劳研究中。基于锁相红外热像理论,用法国Cedip公司开发的锁相红外热像系统对含缺陷的疲劳试件进行了无损检测,并快速测得了其疲劳极限。结果表明,相位图比幅值图能提供更多的缺陷内部信息,恰当选择检测频率是无损检测的关键,缺陷面积越大检测精度越高。随缺陷深度的增加,疲劳试件的疲劳极限降低。  相似文献   

9.
提出一种基于太赫兹无损检测的多特征参数神经网络分析技术,用于分析耐高温复合材料的粘贴质量无损检测.采用抽片式方法设计了一种耐高温复合材料的脱粘缺陷样品,抽片厚度为0.1mm.采用太赫兹时域光谱无损检测技术对耐高温复合材料的多层脱粘缺陷进行了检测试验研究,对比了上下脱粘缺陷所对应的太赫兹时域波形及频谱信息的异同,针对性地建立了耐高温复合材料粘贴质量的上层脱粘参数、下层脱粘参数、频域吸收质心参数等多特征参数,将特征参数进行优化作为反向传播神经网络的输入并对其进行上下脱粘分类识别.通过对反向传播神经网络的训练测试,实现了耐高温复合材料上层脱粘0.1mm、下层脱粘0.1mm的脱粘缺陷的识别.  相似文献   

10.
超声红外热像技术及其在无损评价中的应用   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
本介绍在光热红外检测的基础上发展的超声红外热像技术。该技术利用超声脉冲作为激发源,当超声脉冲在试样上传播的过程中遇到裂纹等缺陷时,缺陷引起超声附加衰减而局部升温。利用红外照相机获取试样表面的温度分布,可显示裂纹等缺陷。超声红外热像技术发挥了超声和红外技术的优点,可实时地检测裂纹等缺陷,在无损评价和检测中有广泛应用。  相似文献   

11.
A new active infrared thermography based technique is proposed for defect detection in ferromagnetic specimens using a low frequency alternating magnetic field induced heating. The test specimens (four mild steel specimens with artificial rectangular slots of 8.0, 5.0, 3.3 and 3.0 mm depths) are magnetized using a low frequency alternating magnetic field and by using an infrared camera, the surface temperature is remotely monitored in real time. An alternating magnetic field induces an eddy current in the specimen which increases the specimen temperature due to the Joule’s heating. The experimental results show a thermal contrast in the defective region that decays exponentially with the defect depth. The observed thermal contrast is attributed to the reduction in induction heating due to the leakage of magnetic flux caused by magnetic permeability gradient in the defective region. The proposed technique is suitable for rapid non-contact wide area inspection of ferromagnetic materials and offers several advantages over the conventional active thermography techniques like fast direct heating, no frequency optimization, no dependence on the surface absorption coefficient and penetration depth.  相似文献   

12.
Lock-in and pulse phase infrared thermography measurement techniques have been exploited for quantitative assessment of subsurface defects in a reference specimen made of Plexiglas. Radiometric thermal images were post-processed using a contrast approach in the frequency domain, allowing defect depth to be resolved with a combined standard uncertainty of about 5% for thicknesses up to 3.6 mm. Conversely, significant radial heat diffusion next to the boundary of the discontinuities made accurate sizing of deeper subsurface defects more difficult, resulting in a combined standard uncertainty of about 17% for a 10 mm diameter flat-bottomed hole of 3.6 mm deep. The obtained results demonstrate the potentiality of active thermography as a fast, powerful contactless NDE measurement tool.  相似文献   

13.
An investigation on SiC coated carbon–carbon (C/C) composite plates has been undertaken by pulsed thermography. The heat transfer model has been built and the finite element method (FEM) is applied to solve the thermal model. The simulation results show that defects with DA/DP smaller than one can hardly be detected by an infrared camera with the sensitivity of 0.02 °C. Certificated experiments were performed on the built pulsed thermography system. The thermal wave signals have been processed by subtracting background image method (SBIM), pulsed phase thermography (PPT), and temperature–time logarithm fitting method (TtLFM). The limit DA/DP of defects in SiC coated C/C composite plates with the thickness of 6 mm that can be detected by pulsed thermography with the presented signal analysis algorithms has been obtained.  相似文献   

14.
建立了主动式内热源激励的红外无损检测平台,并进行了不同缺陷大小的EAST W/Cu面向等离子体部件(PFC)的无损检测实验(NDT),得到试件表面的红外热图。通过最大温差值融合法消除由试件表面发射率不均匀引起的温度误差,通过快速离散傅里叶变换法提高了图像的信噪比,实现了对W/Cu面向等离子体部件缺陷的分辨。通过数值模拟的手段对可能影响该检测技术的关键因素进行了定量分析。  相似文献   

15.
We report a direct observation of the temperature field on a steel specimen during ablation by multiple femtosecond laser pulses using an infrared thermography technique. From the experimental results and simulation study of the temperature field, we quantified the deposited thermal power into the specimen during the ablation process. We found that more than two thirds of the incident laser power was deposited in the steel specimen when ablated by multiple femtosecond laser pulses. This result provides further understanding of the heating effect in materials processing by ultrashort laser pulses.  相似文献   

16.
In this paper the size and depth (distance from the tested surface) of defects in austenitic steel were estimated using pulse infrared thermography. The thermal contrast calculated from the surface distribution of the temperature is dependent on both these parameters. Thus, two independent experimental methods of defect size and depth determination were proposed. The defect size was estimated on the basis of surface distribution of the time derivative of the temperature, whereas the defect depth was assessed from the dependence of surface thermal contrast vs. cooling time.  相似文献   

17.
Detectable defect depth by pulse phase thermography (PPT) is reportedly improved when using phase at low frequency. This study was conducted to identify mechanisms detecting deeper defects by the PPT, and to determine the optimum frequencies for detecting defects with various depths and sizes. One-dimensional and finite element analyses reveal that the optimum frequency decreases continuously with increasing defect depth, and that the amplitude of noise appearing in phase data decreases with decreased frequency. These engender a large signal-to-noise ratio for deep defects in a lower-frequency range. The analytical results were verified by experiments for a polymethylmethacrylate specimen having artificial defects. The experimental results at the optimum frequency demonstrated that defects with up to 5–6 mm depth were detected, which is a significant improvement compared with the reported detectable defect depth of 3.5 mm.  相似文献   

18.
A serious problem in the production of gas turbine blades is the detection of residual ceramic cores inside the cooling passages; in fact, the presence of even small ceramic pieces affects turbine performance and may cause difficulties in successive manufacturing. Therefore, it is important to have a non-destructive technique that must be capable of detecting tiny ceramic fragments in a fast and easy way. In this perspective, the suitability of infrared thermography was investigated within cooperation between the University of Naples and the Europea Microfusioni Aerospaziali S.p.A. (EMA). Several blades of three different types were inspected revealing that in many cases infrared thermography can discover small ceramic fragments which were missed by X-ray inspection. In addition, infrared thermography allows gaining of information about other types of anomalies (e.g., surface defects) during the same testing step (by eventually changing the test parameters) and then saving time and money. The obtained results look promising in view of introducing infrared thermography among industrial instrumentation as an alternative to, or integrated with, the most currently utilized non-destructive techniques.  相似文献   

19.
The natural convection flow phenomena that occur inside an enclosed space are very interesting examples of complex fluid systems that may yield to analytical, empirical and numerical solutions, and many reports have looked into this basic problem. In the present study, heat transfer and fluid flow for natural convection in a horizontal rectangular container with a free surface are investigated using infrared thermography. The temperature field was measured and visualized at a gas-liquid (air — silicon oil) interface using infrared thermography. The heat transfer phenomena were also investigated by statistically analyzing the temperature data. The applicability of the infrared thermography to quantitative heat transfer measurement at the gas-liquid interface was evaluated. It is revealed that infrared thermography is effective not only in visualization of a gas-liquid interface but also in heat transfer measurement. A new heat transfer correlation is proposed for the gas-liquid interface of this flow system. The coefficient of heat transfer can be summarized by a specific heat transfer correlation formula regardless of several conditions, including container aspect ratio, fluid viscosity and fluid layer depth.  相似文献   

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