应用型工科院校大学物理实验改革初探

本文分析了当前工科大学物理实验教学的现状,针对不足提出了将课堂理论教学与实验教学相结合的教学理念,对大学物理实验教学模式、考核模式进行了改革初探。以适应工科院校以应用型人才培养为定位的教学要求。     

浅谈高中物理实验教学的创新模式与应用

在新课改的背景下,探索创新模式的高中物理实验教学,是培养学生实践能力,开启学生创新思维的重要途径。本文基于物理实验教学现状展开论述,指出物理实验教学存在的问题,从而阐述实施物理实验教学的创新模式的必要性和重要性。     

混合教学模式在《光电仪器电子学实验》中的运用探索

高等学校实验教学承担着培养学生实践能力、创新能力和综合素质的重要任务。传统的实验教学模式在实验内容设置和安排上缺乏对学生自主研究、深度参与及提高综合能力的考虑,因而不利于学生个性和创新精神的养成。以《光电仪器电子学实验》课程为例提出了线上线下双反馈一体化的混合式实验教学模式。通过线上线下双反馈一体化的实验教学模式,可以形成一个发现问题、及时反馈、调整实验教学方案、跟踪评价并持续改进的闭环教育过程,有效提高学生学习的自主性、积极性,提高学习效果。     

大学物理实验分级教学探究

根据大学物理实验教学现状,提出同时进行分层次教学和分级实验教学模式.满足了不同层次学生的需求,有利于提高学生的实验能力及创新能力,提升了物理实验教学的质量,是对实验教学模式的进一步探索.     

大学物理实验教学发展历程中的组织模式

大学物理实验教学是理工类专业实践教育的重要环节。纵观物理教学的变革历程,发现大学物理实验教学的组织模式与所处社会经济发展水平、教育规模密切相关,大致可以归纳为师徒式、班组式和开放式三种基本模式。分析和理解这三种基本教学组织模式的特点及内涵,对当前深化大学物理实验教学改革,提高实验教学质量,优化实验室管理具有重要的意义。     

采用国际通用设备构建物理实验教学系统

正1主要内容采用通用设备,特别是国际通用设备构建实验教学系统,是中山大学物理实验教学中心在2008年提出的实验教学设备建设模式.该模式下,放弃原来功能单一的教学实验仪,采用基于传感器和数据采集器的通用测控设备,按积木式、组合式实验设备的理念,自行构建实验教学系统.     

“三化、四结合实验教学模式”初探

本介绍了在高师物理实验教学中，试用“三化、四结合实验教学模式”，大面积提高实验教学质量和‘未来教师’实验教学素质的方法、措施及效果。     

大学物理实验虚实结合实验教学模式的实践与探索

根据学校大学物理实验授课的经验,分析在实践教学中实操实验和虚拟仿真实验各自的优劣,在当前线上+线下虚实结合实验教学模式下,提出优化虚实结合实验教学模式的建议,提高实验教学效果。     

应用信息技术培养创新型人才实验教学模式的思考与实践

文章提出面向大面积学生的设计性、研究性、开放性实验教学模式是激发学生学习热情、挖掘学生学习潜能、培养学生自主学习能力、培养大面积创新型人才的有效模式;信息技术是突破实验教学中设备、师资力量、课时等的困扰,实质性地实施该教学模式的重要保证.以南方科大物理实验教学为例阐述实施该模式的教学实践和教学效果.     

基于校园网的开放式物理实验教学及管理模式的研究与应用

在进行物理实验教学体系改革的基础上,研究基于校园网的开放式物理实验教学及管理模式,探索地方工科院校的物理实验教学改革模式并在实验教学中应用。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

Real-time restoration of rotational blurred image using gradient-loading

The key to the restoration of rotational motion blurred image is how to restore the image under a low cost and to correct the irreversibility of the degradation function matrix.Based on the special qualities of degradation function matrix and precise deduction in space-domain, we present a new approach using gradient-loading for restoration of rotational blurred image.By easily adding a gradient operator, the irreversibility of the original matrix is corrected and can be applied for inverse filtering then.Gradientloading is the optimized approach which combines the advantages of both the approaches using constrained least square filtering and traditional diagonal-loading.Compared with the approach using least square filtering, its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved from 3.18 to 6.46dB, while the computing time is reduced to 1/2-1/3.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, noise-resistibility, robustness, and low complexity of this approach, which make it more suitable for real-time environment.     

All-Optical Logic Device Using Bent Nonlinear Tapered Y-Junction Waveguide Structure

We propose an all-optical logic device made of a bent tapered Y-junction waveguide with a Kerr-type nonlinear interface. It could provide an AND gate, OR gate, and exclusive-OR (XOR) gate. We could obtain different transmission results by adjusting the bending angle. The numerical simulation results show that the device functions as AND, OR, and XOR gates.     

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz imaging by a pyroelectric camera

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz (THz) imaging is demonstrated. A 1.89-THz optically-pumped farinfrared laser is used as the illumination source, and a 124 × 124 element room-temperature pyroelectric camera is adopted as the detector. With this setup, THz images through various wrapping materials are shown. The results show that this imaging system has the potential applications in real-time mail and security inspection.