花二酸酐与嘧啶衍生物的氢键组装(英文)

用半经验AM1方法对苝二酸酐与嘧啶衍生物的1∶1及1∶2氢键复合物进行理论研究,表明随着氢键数目增多,弱相互作用能变大,主体上的供电基和客体上的吸电基有利于氢键相互作用,氢键导致电子从主体流向客体。用INDO／SCI方法计算配合物的电子光谱,表明其长波吸收峰与主体相比发生兰移,各配合物的长波吸收峰位置相差不大,与实验一致。讨论吸收峰兰移的原因并对电子跃迁进行理论指认,同时得到了配合物的双质子转移势能曲线,给出了相对于N-H键的过渡态和活化能。     

密度泛函理论研究具有手性侧链的卟啉液晶分子几何结构与电子光谱

采用量子化学密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP/6-31G水平上对具有手性侧链的卟啉液晶分子进行几何结构优化,在此基础上使用含时密度泛函理论方法计算了分子第一激发态的电子垂直跃迁能,得到最大吸收波长λmax.计算表明,手性侧链取代基对λmax的影响不大,Zn络合导致最大吸收波长兰移,与实验结果一致.     

Cu+与N-[2-羟基-1(S)-甲基]-N-甲基甘氨酸间的C-H…Cu(Ⅰ)抓氢键

采用密度泛函B3LYP(Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr)/6-311G**理论水平研究了Cu+和Cu2+离子与N-[2-羟基-1(S)-甲基]-N-甲基甘氨酸根负离子配体（PT）形成的配合物的结构,重点讨论了配合物中的C-H Cu抓氢键结构. 计算表明, 当单个配体与Cu+结合时,配合物PT•••Cu(Ⅰ)结构中有C-H Cu抓氢键形成,C-H键伸缩振动频率显著红移,键长显著增大而被活化, 配体为三齿配体;当两个配体与Cu2+结合时,配合物PT•••Cu(Ⅱ)不存在C-H Cu抓氢键结构,配体为双齿配体. NBO及AIM理论分析均表明C-H Cu抓氢键属于一种较强的基团间相互作用,在强度和电子行为上与氢键弱相互作用有本质不同.     

光谱法考察对称四甲基六元瓜环与二氯化-二(2-苯并咪唑)丁烷的分子识别

以对称四甲基六元瓜环为主体,二氯化-二(2,2’-苯并咪唑)丁烷为客体,采用荧光光谱法和紫外吸收光谱法研究了主客体的相互作用。实验结果表明,主体对客体具有较强的包结识别能力,主客体之间可形成1∶1及2∶1的包结配合物,紫外吸收光谱法测得配合物的包结常数为K(1∶1)=4.79±0.01×104 L.mol-1,K(2∶1)=8.51±0.01×1010 L2.mol-2;荧光光谱法测得配合物的包结常数为K(1∶1)=7.02±0.01×104 L.mol-1,K(2∶1)=2.88±0.01×1010 L2.mol-2,两种方法结果一致。     

2-羟基-2-二茂铁基丙胺与Ni(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Hg(Ⅱ)配合物的红外光谱研究

乙酰基二茂铁与三甲基腈硅烷反应制得α-氰基-α-二茂铁基乙氧三甲硅烷,经四氢铝锂还原后得到2-羟基-2-二茂铁基丙胺(FcA),用该氨基醇分别与氯化镍,氯化铜,氯化锌,氯化镉,氯化汞反应,制备了氨基醇-镍(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-铜(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-锌(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-镉(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-汞(Ⅱ)五种二茂铁基氨基醇-重金属配合物(用通式M-FcA表示).用Nexus670FTIR红外光谱仪对二茂铁基氨基醇和五种配合物在4 000～400cm-1范围内测定傅里叶变换红外光谱,对各M-FcA的FTIR主要吸收峰做了经验归属,并将各M-FcA的特征吸收峰与FcA的相应吸收峰作对比分析,结果表明:配合物中-OH,-NH2键的吸收峰位置均向低波数方向移动;C-O,C-N键吸收峰位置向高波数方向移动.说明二茂铁基氨基醇中的氨基、羟基与重金属离子之间形成了配位键.     

系列Ru(Ⅱ)配合物的DNA光裂解及光谱性质的理论研究

用密度泛函理论,对系列钌多吡啶配合物1-3的电子结构、DNA光裂解及光谱性质进行了研究.首先,计算了配合物1-3的氧化还原电势,根据配合物1-3激发态还原电势的大小,合理地解释了配合物1-3的DNA光裂解能力.其次,根据配合物1-3的电子结构性质,设计了具有较高激发态还原电势的配合物4,从理论上预测配合物4具有较强的光裂解能力.最后,用TDDFT方法,在水溶液中对配合物1-3的电子吸收光谱进行了计算和模拟,计算得到的电子吸收光谱和实验结果吻合较好,实验上测得的较强吸收带从理论上被详细地解释,并研究了配合物的主配体对电子吸收光谱性质的影响.     

Na2Cu5Shi4·4H2O配合物的合成、结构及性质研究

合成了Na2Cu5Shi4·4H2O配合物,经元素分析,IR,UV,NMR,荧光及分子力学计算等表征了配合物的结构.2D 1HNMR谱及磁矩等测定表明,配合物中水杨酰肟酸π电子分布有大的改变,最大吸收峰红移25 nm,芳环d质子表现出烷烃质子性质;铜离子之间有强的磁相互作用,基态S为1/2.     

一种新型铕的有机配合物的光物理特性及机理研究

基于吸收及荧光光谱技术对一种新型铕的有机配合物发光材料在不同状态下的光谱特性进行了表征,并分析了该配合物的光物理特性与机理。发现该配合物的吸收光谱主要是配体邻菲咯啉(phen)的贡献;随着浓度增大自短波到长波区域逐渐出现了饱和吸收现象,光谱向长波方向延伸、展宽,而且这种特征在样品的激发光谱上得到了体现;该配合物在不同状态下的荧光光谱均由Eu3+的4个特征荧光峰组成,且出现617 nm强荧光峰。提出该配合物的荧光光谱主要是在配体乙酰苯胺的微扰或介导作用下,改变了Eu3+能量场的宇称态,导致跃迁概率大大增强,并使配体phen将吸收的能量转移给Eu3+,发出617 nm强荧光峰。表明这种新型铕的有机配合物是一种有效的红光有机发光材料,具有潜在的应用价值。     

N-(苯基,二茂铁基)甲基-β-羟乙胺与Ni(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Hg(Ⅱ)配合物的红外光谱研究

二茂铁基苯基甲醇与三氟化硼-乙醚溶液在二氯甲烷中作用,形成相应的二茂铁苯基甲基碳正离子,无需从反应混合物中分离出来,该离子便可与乙醇胺作用得到N-(苯基,二茂铁基)甲基-β-羟乙胺(FcY),用该氨基醇分别与氯化镍,氯化铜,氯化锌,氯化镉,氯化汞反应,制备了氨基醇-镍(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-铜(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-锌(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-镉(Ⅱ)、氨基醇-汞(Ⅱ)五种二茂铁基氨基醇-重金属配合物(用通式M-FcY表示).用Nexus670FTIR红外光谱仪对二茂铁基氨基醇和五种配合物在4 000～400 cm-1范围内测定傅里叶变换红外光谱,对各M-FcY的FTIR主要吸收峰做了经验归属,并将各M-FcY的特征吸收峰与FcY的相应吸收峰作对比分析,结果表明:配合物中-OH,-NH-键的吸收峰位置均向低波数方向移动;C-O,C-N键吸收峰位置向高波数方向移动.说明二茂铁基氨基醇中的氨基、羟基与重金属离子之间形成了配位键.     

利用二维红外相关光谱研究胶原/透明质酸共混物的相互作用

以胶原/透明质酸共混物中透明质酸的含量为外扰,利用二维红外相关光谱法研究了胶原/透明质酸共混物的构象变化及它们之间的相互作用.研究发现,1694,1524与1241 cm-1归属于胶原酰胺带的C=O对称伸缩振动、N-H摇摆与N-H面内变形振动峰之间存在同步正交叉峰,表明随着透明质酸组分的增加,胶原的链段构象发生了变化.当胶原/透明质酸共混体系中透明质酸含量由0增至50%时,1045cm-1归属于透明质酸的C-OH伸缩振动峰与1694 cm-1归属于胶原C=O对称伸缩振动峰存在同步负交叉峰,表明透明质酸的O-H与胶原分子的C=O之间形成了氢键;当透明质酸含量从50%增至90%时,1045 cm-1的同步峰几乎消失,而在φ(1694,1524),φ(1694,1241),φ(1524,1241)出现的正交叉峰反而增强,说明透明质酸的O-H不再与胶原形成氢键,而是透明质酸的C=O与胶原分子的N-H之间形成氢键,致使胶原构象发生了变化.     

Encapsulation of Labetalol, Pseudoephedrine in β-cyclodextrin Cavity: Spectral and Molecular Modeling Studies

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of labetalol and pseudoephedrine have been studied in different polarities of solvents and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The inclusion complexation with β-CD is investigated by UV-visible, steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectra and PM3 method. In protic solvents, the normal emission originates from a locally excited state and the longer wavelength emission is due to intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). Labetalol forms a 1:2 complex and pseudoephedrine forms 1:1 complex with β-CD. Nanosecond time-resolved studies indicated that both molecules show triexponential decay. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, ΔS) and HOMO, LUMO orbital investigations confirm the stability of the inclusion complex. The geometry of the most stable complex shows that the aromatic ring is deeply self included inside the β-CD cavity and intermolecular hydrogen bonds were established between host and guest molecules. This suggests that hydrophobic effect and hydrogen bond play an important role in the inclusion process.     

Some CNDO Calculations and Structural Spectroscopic Studies of Paracetamol Complexes

Through complete neglect of differential overlap (CNDO) calculations of the electronic energy among different possible structures of paracetamol (PA) molecule, it has been concluded that its structure has C_s point group symmetry of the cis‐form in which the methyl group has a restricted free rotation around its bond with the carbon atom of the amide group. The electronic spectra of PA compound were studied in different polar and nonpolar solvents. The temperature effect on the electronic spectra confirms the presence of one conformer only. The hydrogen bonding and the orientation energies of the polar solvents were determined from the studies of mixed solvents. Complexes of PA with metal ions M(II) (Cu⁺⁺, Zn⁺⁺, or Fe⁺⁺) of ratio 2:1, respectively, were prepared, and their structure has been confirmed by elemental analysis, atomic absorption spectra, IR spectra, and ¹H‐NMR spectra. It has been concluded that the structure of the complexes has C_2h point group symmetry in which two PA molecules are chelated to any one of the metal ions Cu⁺⁺, Zn⁺⁺, and Fe⁺⁺.     

X-ray emission spectroscopy of hydrogen bonding and electronic structure of liquid water

We use x-ray emission spectroscopy to examine the influence of the intermolecular interaction on the local electronic structure of liquid water. By comparing x-ray emission spectra of the water molecule and liquid water, we find a strong involvement of the a(1)-symmetry valence-orbital in the hydrogen bonding. The local electronic structure of water molecules, where one hydrogen bond is broken at the hydrogen site, is separately determined. Our results provide an illustration of the important potential of x-ray emission spectroscopy for elucidating basic features of liquids.     

Interaction between guest AgI and host zeolite FAU studied by optical spectra and EXAFS

AgI molecules were dilutely adsorbed into nano-cages of Na⁺, K⁺ and Cs⁺ type FAU zeolites in order to understand the interaction between host zeolite and guest AgI. This interaction was investigated using optical absorption spectroscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). The optical spectra strongly depend on the type of the alkali cations. Compared with the lowest absorption band of AgI molecules in gas phase, the spectra of AgI molecules adsorbed in the zeolite cages shifts to higher energy in the order of Cs⁺, K⁺, and Na⁺. On the contrary, Ag-I bond lengths of adsorbed AgI molecules obtained from EXAFS were independent of the type of the alkali-cations. The bond length was very close to gas phase AgI molecules. Therefore, the interaction between AgI molecules and the zeolite, whose magnitude is Na⁺ > K⁺ > Cs⁺, is important in the photo-excited electronic state.     

Raman spectra for hydrogen hydrate under high pressure: Intermolecular interactions in filled ice Ic structure

Raman studies of a high-pressure structure of hydrogen hydrate, a filled ice Ic structure, were performed using a diamond anvil cell in the pressure range 3.2-44.1 GPa. The Raman spectra of a vibron revealed that extraction of hydrogen molecules from the filled ice Ic structure occurred above 20 GPa. In addition, the Raman spectra of a roton revealed that a rotation of hydrogen molecules in the filled ice Ic structure was suppressed at around 20 GPa and then the rotation recovered, and the rotation of hydrogen molecules was suppressed again above 35.5 GPa. These results indicate that intermolecular interactions increased between guest hydrogen molecules and host water molecules at around 20 and 35.5 GPa. These intermolecular interactions were considered to be induced to stabilize the filled ice Ic structure. Above 40 GPa, symmetrization of hydrogen bond was considered to contribute to the stability of hydrogen hydrate.     

2''-脱氧鸟苷在水溶液中激发态氢键动力学的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论和含时密度泛函理论研究了2'-脱氧鸟苷在水溶液中形成的一水和二水复合物在基态和激发态的氢键性质．计算了两种复合物的稳定构型、红外光谱、前沿分子轨道以及密里根电荷等光物理参数．结果表明,两种水合物的分子内氢键在光激发下变化不一致,分子间氢键变化相似．一水复合物的分子内氢键N3···H4-O2 在激发态是加强的,二水复合物的是减弱的．两种水合物的分子间氢键N2-H2···O3和O3-H5···O2及O3···H7-O4和H5···O1-C1在激发态全是减弱的．两种复合物红外光谱的计算结果与实验值一致．二水复合物中分子间氢键O4···H1-N1在激发态断裂,形成了新的分子间氢键O4···H3-N2,这种变化可能与鸟嘌呤部分的结构弯曲有关．最后分析了一水和二水复合物分子的分子内电子转移特性．     

Theoretical insights into the host–guest interactions between [6]cycloparaphenyleneacetylene and its anthracene‐containing derivative and fullerene C70

The host–guest complexes formed with [6]cycloparaphenyleneacetylene ([6]CPPA) and its anthracene‐containing derivative ([6]CPPAs) hosts and fullerene C₇₀ guest were explored by density functional calculations. Besides two previously reported configurations in which C₇₀ guest is standing or lying in the cavity of the host, we found a new kind of configuration in which C₇₀ guest is half‐lying in the cavity of the host. More interestingly, the calculated results revealed that the fine‐tuning deformations occur readily during the formations of the complexes, suggesting that both [6]CPPA and [6]CPPAs are highly elastic host molecules. The large host–guest binding energies indicate that both two host molecules, [6]CPPA and [6]CPPAs, have excellent encapsulation ability for C₇₀ guest, and the [6]CPPAs even has much better encapsulation ability for C₇₀ than [6]CPPA. Furthermore, the host–guest interactions regions were detected and visualized in real space based on the electron density and reduced density gradient. Additionally, ¹H NMR spectra of those three different kinds of configurations mentioned earlier have been calculated with gage‐independent atomic orbital method, which may be helpful for further experimental characterizations in future. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hydrogen bonding and excited state properties of the photoexcited hydrogen‐bonded (E)‐S‐(2‐aminopropyl) 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enethioate complexes

The time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method has been performed to investigate the excited state and hydrogen bonding dynamics of a series of photoinduced hydrogen‐bonded complexes formed by (E)‐S‐(2‐aminopropyl) 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enethioate with water molecules in vacuum. The ground state geometric optimizations and electronic transition energies as well as corresponding oscillator strengths of the low‐lying electronic excited states of the (E)‐S‐(2‐aminopropyl) 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enethioate monomer and its hydrogen‐bonded complexes O₁‐H₂O, O₂‐H₂O, and O₁O₂‐(H₂O)₂ were calculated by the density functional theory and TDDFT methods, respectively. It is found that in the excited states S₁ and S₂, the intermolecular hydrogen bond formed with carbonyl oxygen is strengthened and induces an excitation energy redshift, whereas the hydrogen bond formed with phenolate oxygen is weakened and results in an excitation energy blueshift. This can be confirmed based on the excited state geometric optimizations by the TDDFT method. Furthermore, the frontier molecular orbital analysis reveals that the states with the maximum oscillator strength are mainly contributed by the orbital transition from the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. These states are of locally excited character, and they correspond to single‐bond isomerization while the double bond remains unchanged in vacuum.     

How universal are hydrogen bond correlations? A density functional study of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in low-energy conformers of α-amino acids

Hydrogen bonding is one of the most important and ubiquitous interactions present in Nature. Several studies have attempted to characterise and understand the nature of this very basic interaction. These include both experimental and theoretical investigations of different types of chemical compounds, as well as systems subjected to high pressure. The O–H..O bond is of course the best studied hydrogen bond, and most studies have concentrated on intermolecular hydrogen bonding in solids and liquids. In this paper, we analyse and characterise normal hydrogen bonding of the general type, D–H...A, in intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. Using a first-principles density functional theory approach, we investigate low energy conformers of the twenty α-amino acids. Within these conformers, several different types of intramolecular hydrogen bonds are identified. The hydrogen bond within a given conformer occurs between two molecular groups, either both within the backbone itself, or one in the backbone and one in the side chain. In a few conformers, more than one (type of) hydrogen bond is seen to occur.

Interestingly, the strength of the hydrogen bonds in the amino acids spans quite a large range, from weak to strong. The signature of hydrogen bonding in these molecules, as reflected in their theoretical vibrational spectra, is analysed. With the new first-principles data from 51 hydrogen bonds, various parameters relating to the hydrogen bond, such as hydrogen bond length, hydrogen bond angle, bond length and vibrational frequencies are studied. Interestingly, the correlation between these parameters in these bonds is found to be in consonance with those obtained in earlier experimental studies of normal hydrogen bonds on vastly different systems. Our study provides some of the most detailed first-principles support, and the first involving vibrational frequencies, for the universality of hydrogen bond correlations in materials.