两维局域互联神经网络的关联存储

本文将局域互联神经网络的新概念推广到两维情形,并对两维局域互联关联存储进行了理论分析和大量的计算机模拟.结果表明,两维局域互联神经网络的优点是,在满足存储容量限制的前提下,它与全局互联神经网络具有相同的关联存储能力,而其互联权重矩阵要比全局互联网络小得多.因而,有利于使用现有的空间光调制器实现两维大规模的人工神经网络.     

高阶局域互联神经网络的关联存储

给出了高阶局域互联神经网络的数学模型。在计算机上对其关联存储能力进行了模拟计算。结果表明，这种局域互联神经网络的互联权重数大大减少，同时依然具有良好的关联存储能力；另一方面，如果限定了互联权重矩阵的大小，利用本文给出的高阶局域互联神经网络模型可构造较大的人工神经网络。     

关联噪声对单模激光动力学性质的影响

应用线性近似方法,计算了具有指数形式关联的两白噪声驱动下的单模激光光强的关联函数、功率谱及关联时间。根据计算结果讨论了噪声间的关联程度和噪声间互联时间对以上各量的影响,并和噪声间具有δ函数关联形式的情况进行了比较     

基于体素锥追踪的全局光照算法

提出一种全局光照的计算方法,使用体素结构存储简化场景的光照信息,并通过体素锥追踪方法来收集光照信息,计算间接光照。在计算过程中,每帧只更新动态场景的体素结构,既可以支持动态光源,又避免了更新静态场景的时间消耗。通过各向异性过滤生成的方向性层级结构,将简化的体素场景及光照信息压缩存储在三维纹理的渐近贴图中,从而减少存储开销。利用体素锥追踪收集体素结构中存储的出射辐射度及遮蔽值来计算环境遮蔽、软阴影等全局光照效果。实验结果表明,所提方法可计算多种全局光照效果,并具有较好的绘制效率,在复杂的场景下单帧时间少于33.3 ms。     

1—30d尺度温度关联网动力学统计性质研究

利用美国国家环境预报中心再分析资料中的温度资料,从低频和高频振荡等多种尺度构建温度关联网络,并分析其动力学统计性质及转换条件.研究表明：1和30d尺度下温度关联网络分别属于小世界网络和类全局耦合网络.温度关联网络在两种类型之间转化的时间尺度条件为11—12d.1d尺度节点的连边数南北半球呈准对称分布,赤道附近的低纬度地区存在三个连边数较大的区域：热带印度洋海域、赤道东太平洋海域和赤道东大西洋海域.海陆气候子系统的关联性差异导致30d尺度温度关联网络中陆地节点的联边数较少,节点之间的关联性相对海洋要差许多. 关键词： 多尺度 小世界网络 全局耦合网络 关联阈值     

一种适于光学实现的非线性神经网络模型及其蒙特卡洛学习算法

本文用计算机仿真研究了一种适于光学实现的非线性神经网络模型的存储客量α_c和寻址能力,提出了一个改进其触突互联矩阵的蒙特卡洛学习算法.数值研究表明,经过学习修正后的神经网络模型的寻址能力及存储容量都有较大的改进.     

一维局域互联关联存贮的光学实现

本文提出了一维局域互联关联存贮的光学实现方法，讨论了可用来实现局域互联网的三种光电混合系统。基于光电相关系统并用图象监示器编码互联权重矩阵，液晶显示器编码输入矢量，给出了一维光学实验结果。     

光存储与传统磁存储理论的比较研究

光存储技术中,除一般所熟知的利用激光的热效应而导致的相变做为存储方式的光盘或磁光盘存储之外,利用量子相干效应进行存储的设想被实验证明是有效的.相比传统的存储,量子相干记录方式与传统的磁记录方式更加相似,其理论与实现的过程中有许多共性的方面.本文在传统磁存储和新的基于电磁感生透明原理的暗态极化声子的光存储方案的基本原理基础上,通过比较研究比较,指出了这种新的光存储方案的主要不足,即原子间关联的缺失导致的存储时间短的问题,并提出了对于这个问题的解决前景的看法.     

光计算中关联存储器的一种新模式

本文提出了光计算中关联存储器的一种新的存储模式,称为自反关联存储器。在这种模式中,矢量是以矢量对的形式被贮存在存储矩阵中。用预先贮存的矢量对中的一个矢量的部分信息不但能取出这个矢量的完整矢量,而且能取出这个矢量对中的另一个矢量。文中并提出了自反关联存储器的光学实现方法。     

基于磁电耦合效应的基本电路元件和非易失性存储器

磁电耦合效应是指磁场控制电极化或者电场控制磁性的物理现象,它们为开发新型电子器件提供了额外的物理状态自由度,具有巨大的应用潜力.磁电耦合系数作为磁电耦合材料的重要参量,体现了材料磁化和电极化的耦合性能,其随外加物理场的变化可以表现出非线性回滞行为,具备作为非易失存储的物理状态特征.本文讨论了基于磁电耦合效应如何建立起电荷-磁通之间的直接关联,继而实现了第四种基本电路元件并构建了完整的电路元件关系图.在此基础上,研究了多铁性异质结中的非线性磁电耦合效应,并利用其独特的电荷-磁通关联特性,开发了基于磁电耦合系数的电写-磁读型非易失性信息存储、逻辑计算与类神经突触记忆等一系列新型信息功能器件.     

多重边融合复杂动态网络的自适应同步

基于网络拆分的思想对多重边融合复杂动态网络局部和全局的自适应同步进行了研究.通过给出严格的数学定义及假设,运用Lyapunov稳定理论得出了网络局部和全局的同步准则,给出了更为简单的网络同步的控制器.最后以Lorenz 系统为例进行数值仿真,验证了结论的正确性和有效性. 关键词： 多重边融合复杂动态网络 自适应同步 网络拆分 时滞     

The isolated critical value phenomenon in local－global riddling bifurcation

A chaotic synchronized system of two coupled skew tent maps is discussed in this paper. The locally and globally riddled basins of the chaotic synchronized attractor are studied. It is found that there is a novel phenomenon in the local－global riddling bifurcation of the attractive basin of the chaotic synchronized attractor in some specific coupling intervals. The coupling parameter corresponding to the locally riddled basin has a single value which is embedded in the coupling parameter interval corresponding to the globally riddled basin, just like a breakpoint. Also, there is no relation between this phenomenon and the form of the chaotic synchronized attractor. This phenomenon is found analytically. We also try to explain it in a physical sense. It may be that the chaotic synchronized attractor is in the critical state, as it is infinitely close to the boundary of its attractive basin. We conjecture that this isolated critical value phenomenon will be common in a system with a chaotic attractor in the critical state, in spite of the system being discrete or differential.     

Equilibrium and metastable states of classical systems

We formulate a characterization of equilibrium and metastable states of classical hard-core continuous systems in terms of certain global and local stability conditions. The equilibrium states are assumed to be those that are both locally and globally stable; the metastable states are assumed to be those that are locally, but not globally, stable, and that possess also a certain restricted global stability. It is found that a certain specified class of systems with appropriately weakly tempered, or long range forces, can support metastable states, possessing bona fide thermodynamic properties, whose pressure functions are real analytic continuations in the chemical potential of those of some equilibrium phases. This result is complementary to that of Lanford and Ruelle, concerning the absence of metastable states of systems with strongly tempered forces.     

Computational difficulty of global variations in the density matrix renormalization group

The density matrix renormalization group approach is arguably the most successful method to numerically find ground states of quantum spin chains. It amounts to iteratively locally optimizing matrix-product states, aiming at better and better approximating the true ground state. To date, both a proof of convergence to the globally best approximation and an assessment of its complexity are lacking. Here we establish a result on the computational complexity of an approximation with matrix-product states: The surprising result is that when one globally optimizes over several sites of local Hamiltonians, avoiding local optima, one encounters in the worst case a computationally difficult NP-hard problem (hard even in approximation). The proof exploits a novel way of relating it to binary quadratic programming. We discuss intriguing ramifications on the difficulty of describing quantum many-body systems.     

Topological defects in contracting universes

We study the behavior and consequences of cosmic string networks in contracting universes. They approximately behave during the collapse phase as radiation fluids. Scaling solutions describing this are derived and tested against high-resolution numerical simulations. A string network in a contracting universe, together with the gravitational radiation it generates, can affect the dynamics of the universe both locally and globally and be an important source of radiation, entropy, and inhomogeneity. We discuss possible implications for bouncing and cyclic models.     

A Spin-Statistics Theorem for Quantum Fields¶on Curved Spacetime Manifolds¶in a Generally Covariant Framework

A model-independent, locally generally covariant formulation of quantum field theory over four-dimensional, globally hyperbolic spacetimes will be given which generalizes similar, previous approaches. Here, a generally covariant quantum field theory is an assignment of quantum fields to globally hyperbolic spacetimes with spin-structure where each quantum field propagates on the spacetime to which it is assigned. Imposing very natural conditions such as local general covariance, existence of a causal dynamical law, fixed spinor- or tensor type for all quantum fields of the theory, and that the quantum field on Minkowski spacetime satisfies the usual conditions, it will be shown that a spin-statistics theorem holds: If for some of the spacetimes the corresponding quantum field obeys the “wrong” connection between spin and statistics, then all quantum fields of the theory, on each spacetime, are trivial. Received: 1 March 2001 / Accepted: 28 May 2001     

Separable states are more disordered globally than locally

A remarkable feature of quantum entanglement is that an entangled state of two parties, Alice ( A) and Bob ( B), may be more disordered locally than globally. That is, S(A)>S(A,B), where S(*) is the von Neumann entropy. It is known that satisfaction of this inequality implies that a state is nonseparable. In this paper we prove the stronger result that for separable states the vector of eigenvalues of the density matrix of system AB is majorized by the vector of eigenvalues of the density matrix of system A alone. This gives a strong sense in which a separable state is more disordered globally than locally and a new necessary condition for separability of bipartite states in arbitrary dimensions.     

Independence of the isotropy convention for the one-way light speed in relativity

The convention that the one-way velocity of light is isotropic is shown to be independent of the postulates of relativity in a globally Minkowskian continuum, but not in a continuum which is only locally Minkowskian.     

Collisions of Particles in Locally AdS Spacetimes II Moduli of Globally Hyperbolic Spaces

We investigate globally hyperbolic 3-dimensional AdS manifolds containing “particles”, i.e., cone singularities of angles less than 2π along a time-like graph Γ. To each such space (equipped with a time-like vector field satisfying some additional properties) we associate a graph and a finite family of pairs of hyperbolic surfaces with cone singularities. We show that this data is sufficient to recover the space locally (i.e., in the neighborhood of a fixed metric). This is a partial extension of a result of Mess for non-singular globally hyperbolic AdS manifolds.     

The zero mass limit of Kerr and Kerr-(anti-)de-Sitter space-times: exact solutions and wormholes

Heun-type exact solutions emerge for both the radial and the angular equations for the case of a scalar particle coupled to the zero mass limit of both the Kerr and Kerr-(anti)de-Sitter spacetime. Since any type D metric has Heun-type solutions, it is interesting that this property is retained in the zero mass case. This work further refutes the claims that M going to zero limit of the Kerr metric is both locally and globally the same as the Minkowski metric.