用多粒子态进行量子信息分配

我们提出一个用五粒子态将量子信息分裂成几部分的方案.在这个过程中,如果有且只有接受者相互合作才能重建初始比特的态.我们所用的量子通道是Bell态和三比特GHZ态的组合态,这些态在实验上都是很容易制备的.这个方案对某些窃听攻击来说是安全的.而且,它还可以用来实现控制的量子隐形传态.     

三量子比特纠缠Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态和W态的量子线路实现

两个简单的量子线路被提出分别用来制备三量子比特Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)态和W态。众所周知,任意的多量子比特门都可以由受控非门和单量子比特门复合而成。同样,我们发现三量子比特GHZ态和W态也可以由受控非门和单量子比特门来制备。因此,从量子计算的角度来看我们的方案十分重要。由于在整个过程只用到了单量子比特操作和双量子比特操作,所以我们的方案在实验中很容易实现。     

用多粒子态进行量子信息分配

我们提出一个用五粒子态将量子信息分裂成几部分的方案。在这个过程中,如果且只有接受者相互合作才能重建初始比特的态。我们所用的量子通道是Bell太和三比特GHZ态的组合态,这些态在实验上都是很容易制备的。这个方案对某些窃听攻击来说是安全的。而且,它还可以用来实现控制的量子隐形传态。     

腔QED中相位协变量子克隆机的实现及纠错

应用N个二能级原子和单模真空腔场相互作用,提出了一个1→2的相位协变量子克隆机的方案.同时,基于这种克隆机,我们也提出了量子纠错方案,考虑了由相位和比特反转错误所产生的消相干影响,通过对后两个比特位进行Bell测量,并沿着合适的轴旋转第一比特,就可以恢复初始态.     

用弱交叉Kerr非线性实现光子极化纠缠Bell态的完全区分

基于相干态和信号位的光子数态与弱交叉Kerr非线性相互作用后,会在相干态上产生相位变化,并结合极化分束器构造了一个奇偶校验测量装置. 用零差探测器对相干态的相位变化进行测量,实现对Bell态的非破坏区分. 再利用控制非门和斜置的极化分束器对两信号位光子进行控制非操作和单光子测量,完成对四个Bell态的完全区分. 用到的弱交叉Kerr非线性增加了区分方案在实验上实现的可行性.     

基于操作腔外原子比特控制腔内原子比特相干性时间演化

考虑初始处于两类Bell态的两原子比特,将其中一个注入真空态腔中发生共振相互作用的情况,研究基于操作腔外原子比特控制腔内原子比特相干性时间演化.考察对腔外原子比特施Hadamard(H)门,H类门,Y门及位相门四种逻辑门操作及态选择测量前后,腔内原子比特约化密度矩阵非对角元时间演化曲线,讨论两类Bell态之间的关联性.结果表明,对腔外原子比特操作前,腔内原子比特密度矩阵非对角元在任意时刻都为零,总是处于混合态或经典态,因此始终退相干.而对腔外原子比特施H门和H类门操作及基态测量后,腔内原子比特密度矩阵非对角元呈现周期为2π的时间演化,除(2n+1)π/2时刻外,其相干性得到恢复;在nπ时刻,其最大相干叠加态和一般相干叠加态被制备;两类Bell态之间存在R∧(π/2)旋转关联性.而对腔外原子比特施Y门及位相门操作后,腔内原子比特的相干性得不到恢复.发现腔内原子比特的相干性得到恢复的必要条件是,逻辑门操作能够调节腔内原子比特与环境的相互作用,并使两原子比特与场分离的同时,它们之间形成强相干性的纠缠态分布.     

用弱交叉Kerr非线性实现光子极化纠缠Bell态的完全区分

基于相干态和信号位的光子数态与弱交叉Kerr非线性相互作用后,会在相干态上产生相位变化,并结合极化分束器构造了一个奇偶校验测量装置.用零差探测器对相干态的相位变化进行测量,实现对Bell态的非破坏区分.再利用控制非门和斜置的极化分束器对两信号位光子进行控制非操作和单光子测量,完成对四个Bell态的完全区分.用到的弱交叉Kerr非线性增加了区分方案在实验上实现的可行性.     

基于五粒子团簇态的可控量子安全直接通信

提出了一个利用五粒子团簇态实现的可控量子安全直接通信方案.在这一方案中,首先信息发送者Alice、信息接收者Bob和控制者Charlie共享由Alice制备的一有序序列团簇态作为量子信道;在确定量子信道的安全性以后,Alice制备编码量子态(Bell态)序列,然后通过对自己手中的粒子进行Bell基测量,接着Charlie对自己手中的粒子进行单粒子的测量,就能把信息传送给接收者Bob;最后,Bob测量自己手中的粒子,并通过分析三人的测量结果,从而获得Alice要传送的信息.在我们提出的方案中,携带信息的粒子不需要在公共信道上传输.该文中,我们给出了方案的安全性分析,证明了我们的方案是决定性的和安全的.在未来,我们的方案在以目前的实验技术为基础条件下很可能得到实现.     

基于弱非线性实现非破坏性测量两光子Bell态及三光子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态

基于弱非线性及线性光学元件提出非破坏性测量两光子Bell态及三光子 Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)态方案. 方案中, 首先应用光束分束器及交叉克尔非线性介质对两光子Bell态进行对称性分析, 进而结合控制非门提出三光子分析方案实现对八个三光子GHZ态完全且非破坏性区分. 关键词： Bell态测量 Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态测量 弱非线性 量子非破坏性测量     

基于五粒子团簇态实现经济和简单的二粒子任意态的可控隐形传态(英文)

通过对五粒子团簇态新应用的研究,提出了一个经济和简单的二粒子任意态的可控隐形传态方案.在这个方案中,发送者(Alice)、控制者(Charlie)和接收者(Bob)共享一个五粒子团簇态,发送者只需要执行Bell基测量,而控制者也仅需要执行单粒子投影测量.接受者根据发送者和控制者的测量结果,对自己拥有的粒子做适当的幺正变换,就可以重建发送者的二粒子任意态.这个可控隐形传态方案是决定性的,成功的概率为100%.与使用相同的量子信道进行二粒子任意态的可控隐形传送方案相比,不需要执行多粒子的联合测量,从而使得这个方案更加简单.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.