数字全息干涉术用于微波等离子体推进器羽流场的研究

利用数字全息干涉术研究了微波等离子体推进器羽流场的分布特征,由所记录的羽流场的数字全息图,经数值再现,得到了羽流场的相位分布,进而计算出等离子体羽流场的电子数密度.通过相位倍增法增加了羽流场的干涉条纹密度,从而能够更直观地反映出羽流场的折射率分布.结果表明,数字全息干涉术是研究微波等离子体推进器羽流场的一种有效方法.     

激光诱导环氧玻璃钢等离子体电子密度测量（英文）北大核心CSCD

利用马赫曾德尔干涉测量系统采集到等离子体的激光干涉图像。为了提高数据处理的精度,应用了改进的数字式二次曝光傅里叶法从干涉图中获取了初始的缠绕相位,并采用改进的基于掩膜与枝切法的相位解缠算法对缠绕相位进行相位解缠。在对解缠相位做Abel逆变换后,得到了不同延时时刻下激光诱导环氧玻璃钢等离子体电子密度的空间分布。结果显示:测量得到的电子密度主要为1018 cm~(-3)数量级。实验表明,在记录的时间范围内激光等离子体的电子总数变化不大,且电子密度的变化与等离子体体积的变化大致成反比。     

激光诱导环氧玻璃钢等离子体电子密度测量（英文）

利用马赫曾德尔干涉测量系统采集到等离子体的激光干涉图像。为了提高数据处理的精度,应用了改进的数字式二次曝光傅里叶法从干涉图中获取了初始的缠绕相位,并采用改进的基于掩膜与枝切法的相位解缠算法对缠绕相位进行相位解缠。在对解缠相位做Abel逆变换后,得到了不同延时时刻下激光诱导环氧玻璃钢等离子体电子密度的空间分布。结果显示:测量得到的电子密度主要为1018 cm~(-3)数量级。实验表明,在记录的时间范围内激光等离子体的电子总数变化不大,且电子密度的变化与等离子体体积的变化大致成反比。     

利用激光全息干涉测量梁的微小位移

全息干涉测量利用二次曝光记录物体在不同载荷状态下的相对位移场.通过在干板上记录和比较不同状态产生的光波的干涉,可以得到在不同载荷时干涉条纹随物体位移的变化情况,实现对物体微小变形、微小位移量的测量.本文利用激光全息干涉技术测量了金属梁的微小位移量,计算得到金属梁的弹性模量和挠度.     

全息术诊断激光产生蒸汽羽等离子体

介绍了用脉冲激光全息二次曝光法诊断Q开关钕玻璃激光脉冲与LY12铝靶(φ50×3)耦合产生蒸汽羽等离子体的原理和实验。在打靶激光脉宽约50ns,功率密度约5GW/cm~2条件下,拍摄了激光产生蒸汽羽等离子体的全息干涉图。运用Abel变换和Saha方程,对全息干涉图进行数据处理,得到对激光与物质相互作用机理研究的有用参数。     

大气等离子体中负氧离子产生和演化过程数值模拟

文章利用数值模拟程序对不同条件下大气等离子体中负氧离子的形成及演化过程进行数值模拟.结果发现:负氧离子数密度衰减过程中出现拐点,进入一个较为平稳的状态;平稳期负氧离子数密度与初始电子数密度近似成线性关系;水分含量对负氧离子的演化过程具有重要影响,水分含量越高,负氧离子或其团簇数密度平稳期后的衰减越缓慢. 关键词： 等离子体 数值模拟 负氧离子     

干涉法诊断由纳秒激光诱导产生的大气等离子体的电子密度

通过改进的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪获得了高质量的Nd:YAG激光诱导大气等离子体干涉条纹图.利用快速傅里叶变换（FFT）分析法恢复了干涉图波面,通过Abel逆变换进行密度反演,重建了不同时刻激光等离子体电子密度的三维分布,并得到了激光等离子体膨胀速度与延迟时间的关系.结果显示,纳秒激光诱导大气击穿形成的等离子体具有等离子体通道结构,等离子体膨胀速度的迅速衰减,对等离子体通道的塌陷起到了促进作用,等离子体形状的离心率在大约48 ns时达到最大值,然后开始向圆形演变. 关键词： 激光等离子体电子密度 干涉测量 Abel逆变换     

一种等离子体辉光放电实验设计及发射光谱的诊断

设计了一种用于飞行器隐身的等离子体发生器。采用有机玻璃板压制胶合成薄壁长方体空腔结构。以正弦交流电为电源,氩气为工作气体,在低气压下进行了辉光放电实验。采用发射光谱诊断技术对氩等离子体进行实验研究。文中通过对测得的光谱信号作玻尔兹曼曲线斜率图,计算得到等离子体的电子温度:11429K。采用S tark展宽法测定了等离子体的电子数密度:4.43×1018cm-3。测试结果表明:所设计的等离子体发生器产生的等离子体具备低温等离子体的典型温度,所产生的电子数密度具有良好的隐身效果。     

HT-7托卡马克等离子体slide-away放电研究

在HT-7托卡马克上,只在等离子体放电击穿阶段充气,击穿后关闭充气阀门,让装置内真空室器壁的出气维持放电的进行,通过密度衰减实现了slide-away放电.实验分析了不同等离子体电流平台下的slide-away放电模式的密度阈值,以及相同充气量的条件下放电等离子体电流对实现slide-away放电的影响.研究了slide-away放电模式下密度提升对等离子体放电状态的影响.结果发现,slide-away放电模式下的密度提升使得H_a线辐射强度增强,等离子体中超热电子的约束性能变差,等离子体芯部的超热电子减少,高能逃逸电子厚靶轫致辐射增加. 关键词： slide-away放电 托卡马克 等离子体 逃逸电子     

高气压微波氢等离子体发射光谱诊断

在2.45GHz,800W级的高气压微波等离子体放电系统中,通过测量不同微波功率和放电气压下氢等离子体的Balmer线系的发射光谱,从测量的谱线总展宽中卷积去掉具有高斯线形的Doppler展宽和仪器展宽得到谱线的Stark展宽,并通过Stark展宽测量氢等离子体的电子数密度和电场强度。结果表明:等离子体的电子数密度和电场强度随着放电气压的升高都是先增大后减小,随着微波功率的增加呈现逐渐增大的趋势。微波功率为800W时,气压在25kPa时电子数密度和电场强度都达到最大值,等离子体的电子数密度和内部的电场强度分别为3.55×1012cm-3及4.01kV/cm。     

Electron density measurement of laser-induced epoxy fiber reinforced polymer plasma北大核心CSCD

Interferograms of laser-induced epoxy fiber reinforced polymer plasmas are obtained through aMach-Zehnder interferometry system. An improved digital double-exposure Fourier method is applied to extractinitial wrapped phases from interferograms, and then an improved phase unwrapping algorithm based on a maskand a branch-cut method is proposed to solve the problem of phase unwrapping. After the inverse Abel transfor-mation of the unwrapped phase, spatial distributions of the electron density of laser-induced epoxy fiber rein-forced polymer plasma at various delays are acquired. Results show that the measured electron density of theplasma is mainly distributed on the order of 10^18 cm^3. The experiment also indicates that the total amount oflaser plasma electrons changes slightly within the recorded time and the change of the electron density is approx-imately inversely proportional to the change of the plasma volume.     

Holographic reverse shearing interferometry with high measurement sensitivity

The possibility of studying phase objects by reverse shearing interferometry with high measurement sensitivity is demonstrated. Phase objects are studied in two stages. In the first stage, holographic reverse shear interferograms are measured with and without an object under nonlinear conditions with tuning to frequent reference fringes. In the next stage, these interferograms are optically processed to obtain two interference patterns. The behavior of the interference fringes is the same as in the case of conventional double-beam interferometry with a standard reference wave. The increase in the measurement sensitivity in the thus-obtained interference patterns is due to the use of higher diffraction orders reconstructed from the holographic interferograms. A possibility of controlling the width of interference fringes is considered. The results of experimental approval of this technique are presented.     

用实时全息术研究低速变化过程的一种简易系统

研制了一种用于研究物体低速过程的简易系统，它由带有液门原位化学处理的实时全息干涉装置和具有连拍功能的相机以及一台氦氮激光器组成，是一种简易实用的“低速、实时全息干涉摄影系统”。用它记录了火箭推进剂样品在室温，常压下的燃烧过程，１００瓦普通只灯逐级加压的点燃过程，对实时全息图的记录和处理采用了一种可获得高反衬度的新技术，拍摄的成功率高，干涉条纹的反衬度好，它为研究物体的低速变化过程提供了一种有力的手     

Extension of the controlled sensitivity range in holographic interferometry with a lateral shear

The possibility of controlling the measurement sensitivity in shearing interferometry with a small lateral shear is considered. A method based on recording several holographic interferograms with different magnitudes of lateral shear and with different carrier frequencies of holographic fringes during a single exposure is proposed. The measurement sensitivity of the interference patterns is controlled at the stage of optical processing of the combined holographic interferograms with lateral shear, when the interferograms are illuminated by two coherent light beams and the filtering of the corresponding diffraction orders is performed. The results of the experimental testing of the proposed method by using it for the visualization of the melting zones of planar polymethylmethacrylate samples under heat treatment are presented.     

Rainbow holographic interferometry

A one-step rainbow holographic process is applied to holographic interferometry. Experimental demonstrations of double exposure and time-average interferograms are included. Comparison is made with the conventional holographic process. We found that the rainbow process provides better equality and less speckle noise.     

Sample analysis and process visualization at liquid analytical electrophoresis in a flat capillary

The feasibility of using real-time holographic interferometry for sample analysis and process visualization at liquid analytical electrophoresis in a flat capillary is demonstrated. Electrophoresis interferograms are taken and analyzed.     

Recent contribution in color interferometry and applications to high-speed flows

Recent improvements brought to color interferometry for analyzing high-speed flows are described through different applications. First, the optical technique based on differential interferometry using a polarized white light and one or two Wollaston prisms allows to record high-speed interferograms of the flow downstream of a circular cylinder. Then, this technique has been applied to axisymmetric flows for studying an interaction between a supersonic hot jet and a coaxial supersonic flow. Another application concerns the study of hypersonic flows using Wollaston prisms with a large birefringence angle. Finally, the analysis of gaseous mixture and the evolution of two-gases interface submitted to an acceleration is presented. Interferograms analysis is made from a modeling of interference fringes versus the optical path difference which allows to easily extract quantitative information of the gas density. In order to obtain absolute measurements of the gas density, real-time holographic interferometry has been developed using a three-color laser source and a panchromatic holographic plate. The technique generates the achromatic white fringe which makes the zero order of interference fringes easy to identify. An application is presented in a 2D subsonic wind tunnel, in which the unsteady wake flow past a cylinder is recorded at high framing rate. In this optical setup, transmission holograms are used. As a conclusion, an approach is proposed to analyze the 3D flows from real-time color holographic interferometry using reflection holograms and the problems to solve are described.     

两级喇曼压缩系统配偏振干涉仪诊断等离子体电子密度

 在星光Ⅱ铷玻璃激光装置上,采用两级喇曼压缩系统产生的波长为308 nm的紫外光作为探针束，配合Nomarski偏振干涉仪对金平面靶冕区激光等离子体进行诊断。308 nm光具有波长短、亮度高、脉冲时间短、相干性好的优点,作为探针束诊断冕区产生的等离子体电子密度，可以与高功率激光装置打靶激光同步,实现有效地脉冲压缩，同时避免等离子体中谐波分量的干扰。实验获得了308 nm紫外探针光偏振干涉条纹图，在研究Abel反演算法的基础上，利用自行研制的基于Windows操作系统的实验数据处理软件,对实验数据进行了处理和分析，得到了冕区等离子体电子密度的空间分布。结果表明：两级喇曼压缩系统配偏振干涉能有效抑制主束谐波影响,以更高时间分辨测量等离子体的更高密度区域。