基于BLT方程的微带线电磁耦合终端响应

为定量研究电磁波与微带线的耦合终端响应问题,提出一种基于BLT方程的电磁波与微带线耦合分析方法,相比传统方法计算效率高、占用内存少。将PCB板上微带线等效为有耗传输线模型,对辐照平面波进行矢量分析并求解等效激励源,运用BLT方程研究不同入射方式、脉冲波形对微带线终端的影响,并对入射波与终端响应进行了时域、频域分析。研究表明:当入射波频率与微带线长度满足一定关系式时对微带线的耦合最强,耦合电压峰值达2.4 mV;电场平行微带线入射比垂直PCB入射时的终端电压峰值大一倍;且同幅同脉宽的矩形脉冲较高斯脉冲和三角脉冲对微带线的耦合峰值电压大;不同波形的脉冲通过调节脉宽都可对微带线耦合终端电压达到mV量级。     

外场激励下架空线响应分布规律的概率分析

 应用蒙特卡罗法和传输线耦合响应计算公式分析了瞬态外场激励下传输线耦合响应的分布规律。分析对象为二导体架空线和以大地为回路的多导体架空线。分析中将电磁波的入射参数,包括极化角、入射角和方位角作为一组随机变量,并由计算机随机产生。应用瞬态外场激励下二导体传输线终端耦合响应的解析公式和多导体传输线节点导纳方程分别分析端接传输线耦合电流和耦合电压响应绝对值的峰值,并得出响应的概率分布曲线。当传输线入射参数在［0,π/2］范围内变化时,对于二导体架空线终端电流而言,随着终端端接电阻的不同,架空线近端与远端的电流响应绝对值峰值的概率分布曲线不同。对于共地三导体架空线来说,在接相同端接电阻的情况下,远端高电压分布概率大于近端的分布概率,中间导体近远两端在高电压区域分布概率要比两边导体低。     

电磁波与复合材料板上传输线的耦合分析

利用单层均匀模型等效非均匀碳纤维复合材料,获得等效电磁参数,进而采用基于全波分析方法的仿真软件研究了碳纤维的排列方向以及入射波参数对传输线终端负载感应电流的影响。结果表明,当导线与碳纤维方向平行时,其场线耦合规律与同电导率导电板上的场线耦合变化规律基本一致,且负载感应电流大于导线与碳纤维正交时的感应电流。当电磁波垂直于复合材料板入射时,负载感应电流大于同等条件下电磁波平行入射时的感应电流。     

印制线抗电磁干扰模型分析与计算

对双导体传输线的Taylor模型在频域下的非齐次线性微分方程组,采用常数变异法求得其在边界条件下解的表达式,所求得传输线在终端响应的电压和电流值与BLT方程求得的结果相同。同时,还得到了印刷电路板上的平行双线在外电磁场辐射下终端响应电压的解析表达式,并通过解析解分析得到了不产生干扰电压时的电磁波的入射角度和极化方向。     

椭圆柱体对任意入射极化的电磁波的散射

基于电磁场的多尺度变换理论,得到了以导体椭圆柱为例的电磁波任意极化,任意垂直入射到目标上的散射场的解析式.将所得结果应用于计算圆柱目标的散射场,结果与文献完全一致.对椭圆柱体的散射宽度随入射波方位角,电磁波频率以及目标尺寸的变化进行了仿真.结果表明,在垂直于电磁波的方向上观测时,椭圆柱的垂直尺寸对散射有较大的影响,电磁波水平极化时散射最强.所用算法适用于介质椭圆柱等目标的散射特性研究,所得结果为目标尺寸、形状遥感电磁测量等实际应用提供了理论依据.     

二极管负载电缆X射线辐照瞬态响应数值模拟

将时域传输线模型与漂移-扩散模型相结合,提出一种耦合数值计算方法,研究计算了带二极管负载的电缆在X射线辐照下的瞬态响应。该耦合数值计算方法首先利用时域传输线模型计算电缆在X射线辐照下的各节点电参数,然后将得到的终端节点的电压代入漂移-扩散模型中求解二极管的内部参数与偏置电流,最后将得到的偏置电流代入到下一时间步的传输线模型中继续进行计算。该方法能够直接反映出电缆在X射线辐照下的瞬态响应与所连接的负载状态改变之间的耦合关系,利用该方法求解X射线辐照简单电子系统的典型算例,计算结果表明,X射线辐照下,同轴电缆上各处的响应电流会随着PIN二极管状态的改变而发生明显变化,与理论分析相符合,耦合模型适用于此类问题。     

基于多项式混沌方法的场线耦合响应不确定度量化

在传输线场线耦合的计算中,由于辐射场可能从不同方向入射,入射方位角和入射仰角会在一定范围内变化,可以将其看作不确定变量,因此传输线的响应也呈现出不确定性。针对输入参数服从非典型分布的情况,应用多项式混沌方法对传输线场线耦合频域响应进行不确定度量化。结合入射方位角和仰角的物理意义,给出其服从的分布类型并构建相应的正交多项式基底,并对该模型的传输线方程进行多项式混沌展开。最后结合含两个不确定参数的传输线场线耦合算例,给出远端电流响应的统计信息,对比蒙特卡罗方法,验证了该方法的正确性和高效性。     

异向介质谐振响应的Floquet模分析

将开口谐振环单元的场分布利用Floquet模展开,从电磁波传播角度揭示了凋落模引起异向介质谐振响应的事实.数值计算了任意平面电磁波照射下异向介质的传输特性.研究表明,对于来自主平面上的垂直或平行极化的入射波,具有相同极化方式的Floquet透射模将发生谐振,并且磁谐振和电谐振将随着入射角的不同而改变.而对于来自其他入射平面的电磁波,两种极化的Floquet透射模将共同发生谐振. 关键词： 开口谐振环 异向介质 Floquet模 谐振     

浅海平均混响强度的数值模拟

海中混响是回声探测的严重干扰。利用本文给出的混响模型可较快地计算分层海洋中平均混响强度的衰减规律及深度结构。 对于近程混响,由于海水非均匀性的影响较小,使用均匀层的射线方法计算。对于远程混响,使用简正波方法计算,它保持了平滑平均后的深度结构。在中等距离上两者能很好地衔接起来,由于考虑了复本征值对简正波入射场的影响,提高了计算精度,通过比较不同散射模型对混响强度计算的影响,提出以分离型二元散射模型作为混响数值模拟的基础,使能由界面反向散射系数估算二元后向散射系数,并大大简化混响强度的数值计算。     

混响室的概率统计分析方法及其蒙特卡罗模拟

 提出了一种研究混响室问题的理论分析方法,从理想混响室的离散概率模型出发,采用蒙特卡罗模拟来获得室内电磁场量及其相关物理量的概率统计特性。运用该方法获得了混响室内若干场量（均为归一化值）的概率密度函数、室内一段均匀无耗单导体传输线的负载平均耦合截面及负载电流响应模值的概率分布,所得结果与已有文献给出的结果（包括由解析公式计算或测量所得的结果）吻合良好。由于蒙特卡罗方法的普适性,采用该方法可以获得任意待分析参量的全部概率统计特性（只要样本数足够大）。同时该方法无需针对具体混响室进行,只要在其测试区域能较好地与理想混响室的基本概率模型相吻合,就能给出较精确的计算结果,且其计算量远远小于基于全波分析的蒙特卡罗方法。     

光纤探针应用于爆速测试实验研究

为研究光纤探针应用于炸药爆速测试的可行性及其在冲击作用下的响应特性,开展了梯黑铝（THL）炸药和混合B炸药爆轰实验、冲击作用下光纤响应实验。分别采用直径0.063 5 mm、前端带聚光准直凸透镜的玻璃光纤探针和直径1 mm、前端不带聚光准直凸透镜的塑料光纤探针,测定爆轰过程化学反应阵面传播速度。结果表明:两者都能够准确测定约7 000 m/s的炸药爆轰速度,测量不确定度2%。另外,采用直径1 mm、前端不带聚光准直凸透镜的塑料光纤探针,记录强冲击波作用下光纤响应信号,验证了强冲击产生的高压高温作用下的黑体辐射现象。因此,光纤探针能够准确测定炸药爆轰速度,且在冲击作用下出现色温现象,即黑体辐射现象。     

平面波照射下无限大导体板上周期孔阵屏蔽效能的解析研究

本文针对平面电磁波对无限大导体平板上周期孔阵的透射问题,首先用Bethe小孔理论将孔阵表示成偶极子阵列,然后用平均化处理得到均匀的等效磁化/极化强度,进而引入等效面源导出透射电磁波表达式,最终给出了孔阵对平面电磁波屏蔽效能的解析公式.该公式分别针对横电和横磁两种极化方式,将屏蔽效能表示成孔阵周期面积、孔的极化系数、波长和入射角的简单函数,其计算结果与全波仿真结果一致性好.结果表明,透射场强的幅值与孔极化系数和波频率成正比,与周期面积成反比;在横电极化方式,波频率和周期面积不变的情况下,透射场强的幅值与入射角的余弦值成正比,入射角越大屏蔽效能越高;在横磁极化方式下,透射场强幅值与入射角的关系相对复杂,但在入射角较小时与入射角的余弦值近似成反比,总体上入射角越大屏蔽效果越低.     

Reprint of: Two-dimensional planar photonic crystals: Calculation of coherent transmittance and reflectance at normal illumination under the quasicrystalline approximation

The technique to calculate coherent transmission and reflection coefficients of two-dimensional (2D) planar photonic crystal (PC) at the normal to layer plane illumination is proposed. It is based on the quasicrystalline approximation of the theory of multiple scattering of waves. At this approximation spatial particle correlations are characterized by the radial distribution function. We propose the method of the 2D planar PC radial distribution function simulation. It consists in the calculation of coordination circles of ideal crystal lattice and following blurring them into the “rings” with fuzzy edges to describe the crystal lattice of an actual crystal. The width of the “rings” depends on the distance from coordinate origin. The blurring technique is proposed and discussed. The method allows simulation of the PCs lattices with various ordering degrees and spatial particle correlations. The results of numerical calculations of coherent transmittance and reflectance of monolayers with different orderings and refractive indices of spherical monodisperse particles are displayed.     

Two-dimensional planar photonic crystals: Calculation of coherent transmittance and reflectance at normal illumination under the quasicrystalline approximation

The technique to calculate coherent transmission and reflection coefficients of two-dimensional (2D) planar photonic crystal (PC) at the normal to layer plane illumination is proposed. It is based on the quasicrystalline approximation of the theory of multiple scattering of waves. At this approximation spatial particle correlations are characterized by the radial distribution function. We propose the method of the 2D planar PC radial distribution function simulation. It consists in the calculation of coordination circles of ideal crystal lattice and following blurring them into the “rings” with fuzzy edges to describe the crystal lattice of an actual crystal. The width of the “rings” depends on the distance from coordinate origin. The blurring technique is proposed and discussed. The method allows simulation of the PCs lattices with various ordering degrees and spatial particle correlations. The results of numerical calculations of coherent transmittance and reflectance of monolayers with different orderings and refractive indices of spherical monodisperse particles are displayed.     

Study on optical properties of aggregated ultra-small metal nanoparticles

We study the optical properties of dimer and septamer aggregates (in forms of being separated or merged) of ultra-small silver nanoparticles (a few nanometers in diameter) by calculating their extinction spectra and optical field distributions using the discrete dipole approximation method. Characteristics of their extinction spectra are identified due to different resonance modes dependent on the incidence states of light. Specifically, as polarization of the incidence light is perpendicular to the center-to-center lines of the nanoparticles, interaction of neighboring nanoparticles is in the “repulsive coupling mode”, which results in blue-shift of the resonance peak with decrease of the nanoparticle interspacing. While, whenever there is a projection of the polarization of incident light on the center-to-center lines of the nanoparticles, the “attractive coupling mode” between the nanoparticles dominates in their resonant interaction, which results in red-shift of the resonance peak with decrease of the nanoparticle interspacing. It is also shown that optical interaction of the ultra-small nanoparticles is only effective when their interspacings are approximately less than 15 nm, and particularly prominent when Coulomb interactions of the electronic charges of plasmons are active within a few nanometers.     

Strong chirality in twisted bilayer α-MoO3

Chiral structures are promising in many applications, such as biological sensing and analytical chemistry, and have been extensively explored. In this paper, we theoretically investigate the chiral response of twisted bilayer α-MoO₃. Firstly, the analytical formula for the transmissivity is derived when the structure is illuminated with circularly polarized plane waves. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the twisted bilayer α-MoO₃ can excite the strong chirality with the maximum circular dichroism (CD) of 0.89. In this case, the chirality is due to the simultaneous breaking the rotational symmetry and mirror symmetry, which originates from the relative rotation of two α-MoO₃ layers. To better understand the physical mechanism, the polarization conversion between the left-hand circular polarization (LCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RCP) waves is discussed as well. Moreover, it is found that the structure can maintain the strong chirality (CD> 0.8) when the twisted angle varies from 69° to 80°, which effectively reduces the strictness in the requirement for rotation angle. In addition, the CD can be larger than 0.85 when the incidence angle of circularly polarized plane wave is less than 40°, implying that the chirality is robust against the angle of incidence. Our work not only provides an insight into chirality induced by the twisted bilayer α-MoO₃, but also looks forward to applications in biological sensing.     

Optical Möbius strips in three dimensional ellipse fields: II. Lines of linear polarization

The minor axes of, and the normals to, the polarization ellipses that surround singular lines of linear polarization in three dimensional optical ellipse fields are shown to be organized into Möbius strips (technically twisted ribbons) and into structures we call “rippled rings” (r-rings). The Möbius strips have two full twists, and can be either right- or left-handed. The major axes of the surrounding ellipses generate cone-like structures. Three orthogonal projections that give rise to 15 indices are used to characterize the different structures These indices, if independent, could generate 839,808 geometrically and topologically distinct lines; selection rules are presented that reduce the number of lines to 8248, some 5562 of which have been observed in a computer simulation. Analytical expressions are presented for 11 of the 15 indices in terms of wavefield parameters; four indices proved to be intractable. Statistical probabilities are presented for the most important index combinations in random fields. It is argued that it is presently feasible to perform experimental measurements of the Möbius strips, r-rings, and cones described here theoretically.     

一种基于超材料的宽带、反射型90°极化旋转体设计

根据各向异性媒质理论, 设计了一种宽带、反射型超材料极化旋转体, 能够将线极化波极化方向旋转90°, 极化转化率大于90%的工作带宽为5.5–14.5 GHz. 该极化旋转体由两层介质板、金属双开口谐振环和金属底板周期排列构成, 具有各向异性的特点, 单元两对角线方向的电场分量反射系数相同, 反射相位相差180°, 导致其极化旋转特性. 利用表面电流分布图, 分析不同极化波入射时该极化旋转体的谐振状态, 实验和仿真结果符合较好. 该极化旋转体在新型天线设计和隐身技术等方面具有广阔的应用前景.     

Localized axion photon states in a strong magnetic field

We consider the axion field and electromagnetic waves with rapid time dependence, coupled to a strong time independent, asymptotically approaching a constant at infinity “mean” magnetic field, which takes into account the back reaction from the axion field and electromagnetic waves with rapid time dependence in a time averaged way. The direction of the self consistent mean field is orthogonal to the common direction of propagation of the axion and electromagnetic waves with rapid time dependence and parallel to the polarization of these electromagnetic waves. Then, there is an effective U(1) symmetry mixing axions and photons. Using the natural complex variables that this U(1) symmetry suggests we find localized planar soliton solutions. These solutions appear to be stable since they produce a different magnetic flux than the state with only a constant magnetic field, which we take as our “ground state”. The solitons also have non-trivial U(1) charge defined before, different from the uncharged vacuum. These solitons represent a new, non-gravitational mechanism, of trapping light. They could also affect the vacuum structure in models of the QCD vacuum that incorporate a magnetic condensate, introducing may be gluon axion solitons.