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1.
非轻质弹簧串联系统能量分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
臧涛成 《大学物理》2005,24(11):20-22
在弹簧质量不能忽略的情况下,讨论了串联弹簧振子系统动能和弹性势能表达式,结果表明:串联弹簧的动能不仅与两弹簧自身的质量m1、m2有关,还与各弹簧的劲度系数k1、k2密切相关;串联弹簧的弹性势能只由各弹簧劲度系数和串联弹簧的总伸长量决定。  相似文献   

2.
庄盛文 《物理实验》2004,24(4):32-33
如图1所示,已知弹簧A的劲度系数为k1,弹簧B的劲度系数为k2,如果把两弹簧串联使用,在弹簧末端挂一个重为G的物体,弹簧A,B所受的拉力均为G,设弹簧A的伸长量为△x1,弹簧B的伸长量△x2,则有  相似文献   

3.
介绍了利用圆柱状弹簧作为电路电感元件,把弹簧振动信息转变为电信号,通过数字存储示波器的扫描模式显示,记录弹簧在一段时间内的振动过程,从而可对振动系统的振动周期进行比较直观的测量,进而测出弹簧等效质量、弹簧劲度系数.  相似文献   

4.
李岩  封玲 《物理实验》2012,(2):1-3,20
由2个劲度系数相同的轻质弹簧与2个质量相同的弹簧振子在竖直方向耦合组成双自由度振动系统.利用计算机实测技术记录了弹簧振子在竖直方向的运动规律,实验值与理论值吻合很好.  相似文献   

5.
徐志平 《物理通报》2016,35(10):63-64
用实验室原有的量筒、 弹簧、 金属球、 塑料球、 玻璃棒等自制竖直弹簧上小球的运动实验装置, 观察、 思 考、 分析其运动过程中力、 加速度、 速度、 动能、 重力势能、 弹性势能等的变化, 找好转折点, 总结其规律  相似文献   

6.
以悬细线拉拽小重物作为等效耦合弹簧,可实现2个一维单摆之间的耦合.通过改变重物的质量或细线的长度,实现等效耦合弹簧的劲度系数的改变.  相似文献   

7.
将焦利秤和转动惯量实验中的光电计时器相结合,增加一个新的实验项目———研究弹簧振子的周期变化规律,以求得弹簧的劲度系数和弹簧的有效质量.  相似文献   

8.
本文由杨氏模量y与劲度系数k推出一个判断组合弹簧振动系统等效劲度系数k的简单方法.  相似文献   

9.
利用DISLab研究弹簧振子简谐运动中力和位移随时间变化的关系,发现弹簧在振动过程中回复力存在滞后现象.本文通过设计实验,研究了弹簧的劲度系数、振子质量和振幅对回复力滞后的影响.  相似文献   

10.
弹簧的质心   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
罗兴垅  罗颖 《大学物理》2011,30(3):19-21
依据圆柱形弹簧的劲度系数公式和胡克定律,导出了形变前后有重量的弹簧上同一点相对于弹簧固定端的距离关系式,给出了弹簧非均匀形变的数学表述,讨论了弹簧的质量分布和质心位置问题.  相似文献   

11.
Negative stiffness is not allowed by thermodynamics and hence materials and systems whose global behaviour exhibits negative stiffness are unstable. However the stability is possible when these materials/systems are elements of a larger system sufficiently stiff to stabilise the negative stiffness elements. In order to investigate the effect of stabilisation we analyse oscillations in a chain of n linear oscillators (masses and springs connected in series) when some of the springs? stiffnesses can assume negative values. The ends of the chain are fixed. We formulated the necessary stability condition: only one spring in the chain can have negative stiffness. Furthermore, the value of negative stiffness cannot exceed a certain critical value that depends upon the (positive) stiffnesses of other springs. At the critical negative stiffness the system develops an eigenmode with vanishing frequency. In systems with viscous damping vanishing of an eigenfrequency does not yet lead to instability. Further increase in the value of negative stiffness leads to the appearance of aperiodic eigenmodes even with light damping. At the critical negative stiffness the low dissipative mode becomes non-dissipative, while for the high dissipative mode the damping coefficient becomes as twice as high as the damping coefficient of the system. A special element with controllable negative stiffness is suggested for designing hybrid materials whose stiffness and hence the dynamic behaviour is controlled by the magnitude of applied compressive force.  相似文献   

12.
The energy of a spring with a well-distributed mass ms is theoretically studied in this paper. The solution of the wave equation is derived in detail, and then the kinetic energy and potential energy of the spring are studied with the wave equation, as well as the kinetic energy of the oscillating mass M. The kinetic energy and potential energy of the spring, and total energy are numerically simulated for different ratios ms/M with considering the spring’s mass, which makes the property of energy of the oscillating system understood easily.  相似文献   

13.
The frequency range over which a linear passive vibration isolator is effective is often limited by the mount stiffness required to support a static load. This can be improved upon by incorporating a negative stiffness element in the mount such that the dynamic stiffness is much less than the static stiffness. In this case, it can be referred to as a high-static-low-dynamic stiffness (HSLDS) mount. This paper is concerned with a theoretical and experimental study of one such mount. It comprises two vertical mechanical springs between which an isolated mass is mounted. At the outer edge of each spring, there is a permanent magnet. In the experimental work reported here, the isolated mass is also a magnet arranged so that it is attracted by the other magnets. Thus, the combination of magnets acts as a negative stiffness counteracting the positive stiffness provided by the mechanical springs. Although the HSLDS suspension system will inevitably be nonlinear, it is shown that for small oscillations the mount considered here is linear. The measured transmissibility is compared with a comparable linear mass-spring-damper system to show the advantages offered by the HSLDS mount.  相似文献   

14.
Gerolf Ziegenhain 《哲学杂志》2013,93(26):2225-2238
We investigate the dependence of the hardness of materials on their elastic stiffness. This is possible by constructing a series of model potentials of Morse type; starting with modelling natural Cu, the model potentials exhibit an increased elastic modulus, while keeping all other potential parameters (lattice constant, bond energy) unchanged. Using molecular-dynamics simulation, we perform nanoindentation experiments on these model crystals. We find that the crystal hardness scales with the elastic stiffness. Also the load drop, which is experienced when plasticity sets in, increases in proportion to the elastic stiffness, while the yield point, i.e. the indentation at which plasticity sets in, is independent of the elastic stiffness.  相似文献   

15.
董赟  段早琦  陶毅  Gueye Birahima  张艳  陈云飞 《物理学报》2019,68(1):16801-016801
基于纳米摩擦能耗理论,利用分子动力学方法建立了公度接触下支撑刚度梯度变化的石墨烯层间摩擦力模型,分析了基底质心刚度和支撑刚度梯度变化对基底和薄片各接触区摩擦能耗的贡献.结果表明:软边界区始终贡献驱动力;硬边界区贡献的摩擦力最大,且随着支撑刚度的增大,硬边界区对总摩擦的贡献比也越高.各接触区的摩擦力是薄片和基底之间的褶皱势和接触区产生的法向变形差两部分的共同作用.前者是公度接触下阻碍滑移的界面势垒和刚度梯度方向上不同刚度支撑原子热振动引起的势梯度;后者是接触边界过渡区两侧原子的非对称变形和自由度约束突变引起的非平衡边界势垒相耦合的结果.本文对研究公度接触下刚度梯度支撑的纳米器件的相对运动规律有指导意义.  相似文献   

16.
固体间界面的物理模型和界面对声波的反射   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
王耀俊 《物理》2002,31(12):768-772
简要描述了模拟两固体间界面特性的弹簧模型,该模型最早是根据静力学方法提出的,后来用固体间界面薄层的声波反射方法加以改进,从界面弹簧模型可以方便地得到界面外近似边界条件,其中包含界面“弹簧”振子的劲度常数和质量,文章还给出了两相间固体中界面声反射系数的表达式,介绍了测量界面劲度常数的超声反射谱方法。最后讨论了仍关声波与界面相互作用研究领域中最近的一些研究进展。  相似文献   

17.
We explore the performance of a nonlinear tuned mass damper (NTMD), which is modeled as a two degree of freedom system with a cubic nonlinearity. This nonlinearity is physically derived from a geometric configuration of two pairs of springs. The springs in one pair rotate as they extend, which results in a hardening spring stiffness. The other pair provides a linear stiffness term. We perform an extensive numerical study of periodic responses of the NTMD using the numerical continuation software AUTO. In our search for optimal design parameters we mainly employ two techniques, the optimization of periodic solutions and parameter sweeps. During our investigation we discovered a family of detached resonance curves for vanishing linear spring stiffness, a feature that was missed in an earlier study. These detached resonance response curves seem to be a weakness of the NTMD when used as a passive device, because they essentially restore a main resonance peak. However, since this family is detached from the low-amplitude responses there is an opportunity for designing a semi-active device.  相似文献   

18.
本文利用TSL系列弹簧刚度实验仪对用于斯特林制冷机中的单片柔性弹簧及柔性弹簧组件进行了实验研究。测试了四种不同尺寸弹簧刚度的动态特性,研究了单片弹簧的轴向刚度、径向刚度以及力矩特性,然后对柔性弹簧组件进行了实验研究,指出了不同组合方法下的刚度及弯矩特性,得到的数据可以作为斯特林制冷机设计的参考。  相似文献   

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