时分全分辨率可控液晶光栅设计

设计了一种可实现分光效果的可控液晶光栅.该液晶光栅由双层交错结构的驱动电极来控制液晶偏转,避免了单层控制电极之间的空白区,增加了控制面积,同时还实现了快速切换,补给了因空间分割损失的图像信息,从而使空分与时分结合实现时分全分辨率的自由立体显示.利用光刻和镀膜工艺在玻璃基板上制作氧化铟锡-二氧化硅-掺铝氧化锌双层交错结构的驱动电极,采用液晶成盒工艺将制备好的驱动电极基板和公共电极基板组装成液晶盒.光学显微镜测试表明,氧化铟锡第一电极和掺铝氧化锌第二电极的宽度为275.8μm,两者之间通过SiO2介质层隔离并相互交错覆盖在玻璃基板上.结合液晶光栅驱动电路,能有效地控制遮光区与透光区的切换,从而实现时分全分辨率可控液晶光栅.     

低压驱动高阻值层液晶透镜

针对传统电极驱动液晶透镜的电场分布在驱动电极边缘的问题,设计了一种高阻值层驱动电极来控制液晶分子偏转的低压驱动和焦距可调的液晶透镜.利用磁控溅射工艺在含镂空孔阵列的面状铝电极基板表面沉积一层掺铝氧化锌透明薄膜,形成高阻值层驱动电极;利用液晶盒成盒工艺将制备好的驱动电极基板和公共电极基板(氧化铟锡玻璃基板)组装成液晶透镜,研究掺铝氧化锌高阻值层、驱动电压、工作频率对液晶透镜光学性能的影响.实验结果表明,对比传统电极驱动液晶透镜,高阻值层电极驱动液晶透镜在驱动电压2.2Vrms和工作频率130kHz下获得的干涉圆环均匀,聚焦光斑小.同时,在驱动电压1.8～2.8Vrms和工作频率130kHz下所制备的液晶透镜焦距可调范围为4.27～2.88mm.     

柔性液晶微透镜阵列的制备与性能研究

针对集成成像视场角狭小的问题,设计并制备了一种柔性圆孔驱动电极控制液晶分子偏转的可弯曲和焦距可调的柔性液晶微透镜阵列。利用光刻技术在柔性ITO基板表面刻蚀并形成规则的圆孔阵列电极,旋涂工艺制备柔性聚酰亚胺(PI)膜层,PI膜层经60℃加热5 min后,再利用等离子体在功率630 W条件下处理5 min固化成PI取向层。利用液晶盒成盒工艺将上、下基板组装成液晶透镜,研究未弯曲和弯曲曲率半径7.5 cm条件下液晶微透镜阵列的光学性能。实验结果表明,所制备的液晶透镜在未弯曲和曲率半径为7.5 cm的情况下均可实现聚焦功能,且液晶微透镜阵列的干涉圆环均匀,聚焦光斑小。在驱动电压3~5.3 Vrms下,弯曲曲率半径为7.5 cm的液晶微透镜阵列焦距可调的范围为0.43~1.05 mm。     

基于亚波长光栅结构的硅基液晶器件模型研究

金(Au)亚波长光栅被溅射到经典硅基液晶(LCoS)的ITO电极上,它与薄液晶盒和底层铝电极组成复合共振波导结构,简称GLCoS。与基于液晶传播效应的LCoS截然不同,在GLCoS中,上电极的表面等离激元与光栅槽中的TM-FP (TM-Fabry Pérot)共振耦合,诱导一个0阶反射的相位调制;铝(Al)电极既是反射背板又与Au光栅、薄液晶盒组成波导,使共振耦合得到增强。在操控光波阵面的同时,GLCoS也作为电控器件,施加电压改变液晶的折射率,进而控制开腔FP的边缘介质条件,达到有源0~2π相位调制。实验结果表明,本文结构可用于1μm量级像素的相位空间光调制器,在高空间带宽积的全息视频显示中具有广阔的应用前景。     

紫外光诱导液晶相位光栅

使用紫外光诱导取向技术制作了可转换的液晶相位光栅,通过光掩模两次曝光的方法形成光栅条纹.这种光栅制作工艺较为简单,不需要上下基板精确的对准,驱动电压较低.采用He-Ne激光器和光探测器进行测试,结果表明,衍射效率具有电场调制性并出现同预测一致的衍射条纹.对液晶光栅的偏振特性进行了研究,利用琼斯矩阵和衍射理论对液晶相位光栅衍射强度进行了分析和模拟计算.     

具有可变电控光栅常数的液晶光栅

针对现有液晶光栅器件存在的光栅常数不能变化、电极尖端放电、边缘效应等缺点,设计了一种可转换光栅常数的液晶光栅。通过控制不同导电区的通断电,使液晶光栅不同区域产生透光与不透光,实现光栅常数的转换;液晶光栅梳状电极端部的圆弧状设计,避免了尖端放电现象,减小了边缘效应的影响。以He-Ne激光为光源,用WGD-8A型组合式多功能光栅光谱仪对所设计的液晶光栅器件进行了测量,结果表明：通过控制导电区的变化实现了光栅常数的转变,在2～3.4 V电压驱动下,具有3种不同光栅常数的液晶光栅的1级衍射光强逐渐增强,且其衍射光强的差值不断增大,达到了预期设计目的。设计的液晶光栅在视差栅栏、光栅尺等方面有好的应用前景。     

高绒度掺硼氧化锌透明导电薄膜用作非晶硅太阳电池前电极的研究

将自行研制的具有优异陷光能力的掺硼氧化锌用作p-i-n型非晶硅太阳电池的前电极,并且将传统商业用U型掺氟二氧化锡作为对比电极.相比表面较为平滑的掺氟二氧化锡,掺硼氧化锌表面大类金字塔的绒面结构会在本征层生长过程中触发阴影效应,形成大量的高缺陷材料区和漏电沟道,进而恶化电池的开路电压和填充因子.在不修饰掺硼氧化锌表面形貌的情况下,通过调节非晶硅本征层的沉积温度来消弱高绒度表面形貌引起的这种不利影响,对应的电池开路电压和填充因子均出现提升.在仅有铝背电极的情况下,在本征层厚度为200 nm的情况下,以掺硼氧化锌为前电极的非晶硅太阳电池转换效率达7.34%(开路电压为0.9 V,填充因子为70.1%,短路电流密度11.7 mA/cm2).     

不同结构的电控双折射无刻痕光栅研究

用MLC-7700-100向列相液晶制备了不同结构的电控双折射无刻痕液晶光栅.用波长为632.8 nm的He-Ne激光为光源,测量两种液晶光栅的光学衍射特性,用偏光显微镜观察不同电压下两种液晶光栅的液晶分子偏转状态和织构态改变的情况,并进行分析对比.发现双面电极条纹液晶光栅的电控衍射特性比单面电极条纹液晶光栅好.此结果...     

二元光学液晶闪耀光栅的特性分析

在二元光学理论的基础上,结合波动光学理论和液晶指向矢的计算提出一种新的二元光学液晶闪耀光栅设计.对液晶光栅电极施加阶梯分布的电压使之形成相位阶梯形分布,推导出液晶闪耀光栅的衍射效率.结果表明,通过改变周期单元光栅电极数日而改变光栅常数,可以改变光衍射角度,一级衍射角度调节范围0°～10°;调节电极电压可以使特定级次衍射光效率达到90%以上,使该级次得到闪耀.     

液晶棱镜双折射实验

介绍了液晶棱镜盒的制作及利用其测试液晶双折射的实验方法.这种棱镜盒的2片梯形透明导电玻璃的重合部分为等边三角形.不加电场时,液晶盒不是光学各向异性的单轴晶体,没有双折射现象,只能观察到散射现象;在电极上施加电压使液晶垂面排列,液晶盒成双折射单晶,利用三棱镜最小偏向角原理测试液晶双折射率.     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.     

Real-time restoration of rotational blurred image using gradient-loading

The key to the restoration of rotational motion blurred image is how to restore the image under a low cost and to correct the irreversibility of the degradation function matrix.Based on the special qualities of degradation function matrix and precise deduction in space-domain, we present a new approach using gradient-loading for restoration of rotational blurred image.By easily adding a gradient operator, the irreversibility of the original matrix is corrected and can be applied for inverse filtering then.Gradientloading is the optimized approach which combines the advantages of both the approaches using constrained least square filtering and traditional diagonal-loading.Compared with the approach using least square filtering, its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved from 3.18 to 6.46dB, while the computing time is reduced to 1/2-1/3.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, noise-resistibility, robustness, and low complexity of this approach, which make it more suitable for real-time environment.     

All-Optical Logic Device Using Bent Nonlinear Tapered Y-Junction Waveguide Structure

We propose an all-optical logic device made of a bent tapered Y-junction waveguide with a Kerr-type nonlinear interface. It could provide an AND gate, OR gate, and exclusive-OR (XOR) gate. We could obtain different transmission results by adjusting the bending angle. The numerical simulation results show that the device functions as AND, OR, and XOR gates.     

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz imaging by a pyroelectric camera

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz (THz) imaging is demonstrated. A 1.89-THz optically-pumped farinfrared laser is used as the illumination source, and a 124 × 124 element room-temperature pyroelectric camera is adopted as the detector. With this setup, THz images through various wrapping materials are shown. The results show that this imaging system has the potential applications in real-time mail and security inspection.