Rb(5P)激发态的辐射及与N2碰撞的能量转移

应用激光吸收和荧光方法,测量了Rb(5P)态与N2碰撞的精细结构混合和碰撞猝灭截面.Rb原子被激光激发到5P3/2态,将与泵浦激光束反向平行的检测激光束调到5PJ→7S1/2的跃迁,测量5PJ激发态的密度及空间分布,由此计算了5PJ→5S的有效辐射率,在T=340K和N2密度0.5×1016＜N＜4×1016cm-3范围内测量了5P1/2→5S1/2(794nm)发射的敏化荧光强度I794,量N/I794与N有抛物线型的关系,表明了5PJ的猝灭是由于与N2分子的碰撞产生的,而不是由与Rb基态原子碰撞产生的.由最小二乘法确定的二次多项式的系数得到5P态与N2碰撞精细结构混合截面σ3/2→1/2=(10.43±3.54)×10-16cm2,猝灭截面σD=(9.8±3.4)×10-16cm2.与在不同的实验条件下得到的结果在误差范围内一致.     

Cs(6P)+(Ne,N2)碰撞能量转移

在气体样品池条件下,研究了Cs(6P3/2) (Ne,N2)碰撞能量转移过程.用调频半导体激光器激发Cs原子至Cs(6P3/2)态,在不同的Ne或N2气压下,测量了直接6P3/2→6S1/2荧光和转移6P1/2→6S1/2荧光,对于6P3/2与Ne的碰撞,电子态能量仅能转移为Ne原子的平动能.在与N2的碰撞中,向分子振转态的转移是重要的.利用速率方程分析,可以得到碰撞转移速率系数,对于Ne,6PJ精细结构碰撞转移速率系数为1.45×10-12cm3·s-1.对于N2,测量6P Ne和6P N2二种情况下荧光的相对强度比,确定精细结构速率系数为1.64×10-12cm3·s-1,6P态猝灭速率系数为4.88×10-12cm3·s-1.     

Cs(6P)激发态的辐射及与N2碰撞的能量转移

应用激光吸收和荧光方法,测量了Cs(6P)态与N2碰撞的精细结构转移和碰撞猝灭截面。Cs原子被激光激发到6P3/2态,将与泵浦激光束反向平行的检测激光束调到6PJ→8S1/2的跃迁,测量了6PJ激发态的密度及空间分布,由此计算了6PJ→6S的有效辐射率。在T=337 K(蒸气压公式给出Cs密度N0=1.25×1012cm-3)和N2密度2×1016相似文献   

惰性气体原子与氢的同位素分子T2碰撞分波截面计算

用密耦计算方法及T.T(Tang-Toennies)势模型分别计算了入射能量E=0.05 eV、0.15 eV、0.25 eV时He、Ne、Ar、Kr、Xe-T2碰撞体系的00-00弹性碰撞和00-02非弹性碰撞分波截面,结果表明:对00-00弹性碰撞,分波截面随量子数J的增加不断振荡, 并随入射原子的相对碰撞能量的变化,振荡极大值的位置、收敛分波数等均有不同的变化.     

Rb(5 P_J)+(He、N_2)碰撞能量转移

在气体样品池条件下,研究了Rb(5PJ) (He、N2)碰撞能量转移过程.调频半导体激光器稍微调离共振线,激发Rb原子至Rb(5P3/2)态,在不同的He或N2气压下,测量了直接5P3/2→5S1/2荧光和转移5P1/2→5S1/2荧光.对于5PJ与He的碰撞.电子态能量仅能转移为He原子的平动能.在与N2的碰撞中,向分子振转态的转移是重要的.利用速率方程分析,可以得到碰撞转移速率系数,对于He,5P3/2→5S1/2转移速率系数为2.23×10-12cm3s-1.对于N2,测量5PJ He和5PJ N2二种情况下荧光的相对强度比,利用最小二乘法确定5P3/2→5S1/2转移速率系数为4.38×10-11cm3s-1,5PJ态猝灭速率系数为5.45×10-11cm3s-1.与其他实验结果进行了比较.     

高位振动态RbH(Х1Σ+,v″≧15) 与CO2碰撞转移中的能量相关性

研究了高位振动态RbH(Х1Σ+,v″=15-21)与CO2碰撞转移过程。脉冲激光激发RbH至高位态,利用激光感应荧光 光谱(LIF)得到RbH(Х1Σ+,v″)与CO2的猝灭速率系数,。利用激光泛频光谱技术,测量了CO2(0000,J)高转动态分布。得到了转动温度,从而获得了平均转动能和转动能的变化<ΔErot>,发现。对于v"=16,证实了振动—振动能量转移的4-1近共振过程。在一次碰撞条件下,通过速率方程分析,得到RH(v")-CO2振转速率系数。对于v"=15,J=32-48,速率系数在1.25-0.33×10-13cm3s-1.之间,对于v"=21,速率系数在2.47-1. 53×10-13cm3s-1之间,其能量相关性是明显的。     

He同位素对He-NO碰撞体系微分截面的影响

用密耦近似方法计算了同位素He原子与NO分子碰撞体系的总微分截面、弹性微分截面和非弹性微分截面，总结了同位素He原子对He-NO碰撞体系微分截面的影响. 计算结果表明：在同一入射能量下，随着入射同位素He原子质量增加，总微分截面在0°时的角分布逐渐增大；同位素He原子与NO分子碰撞发生的彩虹现象越明显. 同时，体系约化质量增加的效应大于相对碰撞速度减小的效应，使散射振荡间隔逐渐减小. 关键词： He-NO 密耦近似 微分截面 同位素效应     

He-BH碰撞体系微分截面的理论计算

用公认精确的密耦近似方法计算了入射能量从25至150 meV时，He原子与基态BH分子碰撞的弹性微分截面、非弹性微分截面和总微分截面，进一步讨论了微分截面的变化趋势及特征.计算结果表明：He-BH碰撞体系的总微分截面具有原子与双原子分子散射的一般规律和特征；随着入射能量的增加，低转动激发态-态微分截面在大角区的散射振荡现象会更加明显. 关键词： He-BH复合物 相互作用势 密耦近似 微分截面     

He同位素原子与HBr分子碰撞的微分截面

基于作者构造的He-HBr体系的各向异性势，采用密耦方法计算了³He，⁴He，⁶He和⁷He与HBr分子在碰撞能量分别为40和75meV时的微分截面，详细讨论了入射氦同位素对微分截面的影响.结果表明：在相同碰撞能量时，随着同位素氦原子质量的增加，总微分截面在0° 时的角分布逐渐增大，同一级衍射振荡极小值位置逐渐向小散射角方向移动；弹性与总非弹性截面交界角逐渐减小，总非弹性截面逐渐增加.碰撞能量越低，入射同位素He原子的 关键词： 同位素效应 微分截面 各向异性势 He-HBr体系     

Rb(5PJ)与He,N2的碰撞精细结构混合和猝灭

在气体样品池条件下,研究了Rb(5PJ) (He,N2)碰撞能量转移过程.用调频半导体激光器激发Rb原子至Rb(5P3/2)态,在不同的He或N2气压下,测量了直接5P3/2→5S1/2荧光和转移5P1/2→5S1/2荧光.对于Rb(5PJ)与He的碰撞,只发生精细结构转移(略去碰撞猝灭效应),电子态能量仅能转移为He原子的平动能.在与N2的碰撞中,向分子振转态的转移是重要的.本实验中,Rb的密度为4.5×1011 cm-3,由辐射陷获理论得到5P1/2→5S1/2的有效辐射率为2.47×107 s-1.利用速率方程分析,可以得到碰撞转移速率系数,对于He,5P3/2→5S1/2转移速率系数kHe21=2.61×10 12 cm3·s.对于N2,测量5PJ He和5PJ N2两种情况下直接荧光与敏化荧光的相对强度比,利用最小二乘法确定5Pa/2→5S1/2转移速率系数kN212=2.36×10-11 cm3·s,5PJ态猝灭速率系数kN2=1.44×10-11 cm3·s-1.由实验结果证实了Cs-N2主要是直线式碰撞传能机制,与其他实验结果进行了比较.     

基态S和D原子的低能弹性碰撞及SD(X~2Ⅱ)自由基的准确相互作用势与分子常数

使用Gaussian03程序包提供的CCSD(T)理论及Duning等的相关一致基cc-pVnz和aug-cc-pVnZ(n=2,3,4,5),对SD(X~2Ⅱ)自由基的平衡核间距、谐振频率及相互作用势进行了计算,并拟合出了相应的光谱常数.在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z理论水平下,光谱常数D_0,D_e,D_e,R_e,ω_e.a_e,B_o及B_e的值分别为3.65730 eV,3.77669 eV,0.13424 cm~(-1),1938.372 cm~(-1),0.09919 cm~(-1),4.88585 cm~(-1)和4.8872 cm~(-1),均与已有的实验结果相符很好.利用在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pv5Z理论水平下获得的相互作用势,在绝热近似下通过数值求解双原子分子核运动的径向薛定谔方程,找到了J=0时SD(X~2Ⅱ)自由基的全部23个振动态,完整地求出了每一振动态的振动能级及相应的经典转折点、惯性转动常数和离心畸变常数;在1.0×10~(-11)-1.0×10~(-4)a.u.的碰撞能区内通过数值求解原子.原子散射的径向薛定谔方程,研究了基态S原子和基态D原子沿sD(X~2Ⅱ)相互作用势的弹性碰撞,计算了这一弹性碰撞的总截面和各分波截面,分析了各分波截面对总截面的影响.结果表明:总截面的形状主要由S分波截面决定,尽管直到l=4的各分波截面均有形状共振存在,但由于其强度都较弱,全部被湮没在较强的总弹性截面中.

Abstract：

The equilibrium internuclear separations, harmonic frequencies and interaction potentials have been calculated by employing the CCSD(T) theory in combination with the series of the correlation-consistent basis sets, cc-pVnZ and aug-ce-pVnZ (n = 2, 3, 4, 5), of Dunning and co-workers. The potential energy curves are all fitted to the Murrell-Sorbie functions, which are used to determine the spectroscopic parameters. At the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z level of theory, the values of D_0, D_e, R_e, w_e, a_e,B_0 are 3.65730 eV, 3.77669 eV, 0.13424 cm~(-1), 1938.372 cm~(-1), 0.09919 cm~(-1) , 4.88585 cm~(-1) and 4.8872 cm~(-1), respectively, which conform almost perfectly with the available measurements. With the analytic interaction potential obtained at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z level of theory, a total of 23 vibrational states has been predicted for the first time when the rotational quantum number J is set to equal zero (J = 0) by solving the radial Schrodinger equation of nuclear motion. The complete vibrational levels, classical turning points, inertial rotation and centrifugal distortion constants are reproduced from the SD (X~2Ⅱ) potential when J = 0. The total and various partial-wave cross sections are calculated for the elastic collisions between the ground-state S and D atoms at energies from 1.0 × 10~(11) to 1.0 × 10~(-4) a.u. when the two atoms approach each other along the SD(X~2Ⅱ) interaction potential. No shape resonances can be found in the total elastic cross sections. The results show that the shape of the total elastic cross sections is mainly dominated by the s-partial wave at very low temperatures. Because of the weakness of the shape resonances coming from various partial waves, they are all covered up by the strong total elastic cross sections.     

Rotational relaxation in ultracold He+BH collisions

Collisions of cold and ultracold BH in the v=0 level with the He atom are investigated using the quantum mechanical scattering formulation. The elastic and the inelastic cross sections are calculated using the two-dimensional ab initio potential energy surface. It is shown that the elastic cross section is larger than the inelastic one. When the collision energy is very low, the elastic cross section follows the Wigner threshold law and is one order of magnitude larger than that of He-O₂, while it is much smaller than that of He-H₂. The efficiency of the rotationally quenching state is given. The Δj=-1 transition is most efficient. The resonances are also found to occur at about the same translational energy (0.1-1 cm^-1), which gives rise to steps in the rate coefficient at temperatures around 0.1-1 K.     

The cross sections and their temperature dependence of collisional energy transfer from high vibrationally excited ethylene molecules to electronic ground state Rubidium atoms

The cross sections and their temperature dependence of collisional energy transfer from the high vibrationally excited C_2H_4 to the electronic ground sate of Rb (V-E) have been studied by the method of IR laser pump combined with fluorescence probe. The fluorescence of rudidium atoms due to V-E energy transfer was detected. The measured rate constants of this V-E energy transfer is about 10~(-10)cm~2molec~(-1)s~(-1) and the corresponding cross section varies from 60 (?)~2 to 90 (?)~2. The cross sections decrease with increasing temperature over the temperature range of 393-683 K.     

Interaction potentials and energy transfer cross sections for collisions of metastable helium and neon I: He(23 S)+Ne

Differential cross sections have been measured for He(2³ S)+Ne at kinetic energies between 28 and 370 meV. For energies above 90meV the elastic cross sections show Stückelberg oscillations from curve crossings, which lead to the energy exchange process: He(2³ S)+Ne→He(1¹ S)+Ne(2p ⁵ 4s,3d,4p). Differential cross sections for this inelastic process could be measured above 200 meV. A fit to the data gives the potentials for He(2³ S)+Ne and, less accurately, for He+Ne^*. These results offer a simple explanation, why the exothermic pumping process of the infrared lines of the HeNe laser has a threshold of about 80 meV and a small cross section.     

Quenching of neutron spectroscopic factors of radioactive carbon isotopes with knockout reactions within a wide energy range

The quenching factors of one-neutron spectroscopic factors,which are ratios of theoretical to experimental one-neutron removal cross sections,are studied for the carbon isotopes ~(15-19)C,with ~(12)C and ~9Be targets within incident energies from around 50 to 900 MeV/nucleon.The resulting values of quenching factors do not show strong energy dependence within such an energy range.The average values of the these quenching factors agree well with the systematics in [J.A.Tostevin and A.Gade,Phys.Rev.C,90 057602(2014)],which was established for a large set of radioactive nuclei with different masses below 305 MeV/nucleon.     

0.5 eV时H++D2(v=0,j=0) 反应的微分、积分截面

基于ab initio势能面(KBNN PES)[1],用耦合通道超球坐标理论研究了碰撞能等于0.5 eV时H D2(v=0,j=0)的积分,微分截面.对于反应性碰撞,计算的积分截面表明由于深势阱的存在使得这一绝热反应产物的分布表现出一种近似的统计行为.计算的微分截面反映该体系存在着长寿命的中间络合物;对于非反应性碰撞(传能过程),平动—平动传能过程更有效,且其积分截面随着转动量子数的增大而显著减少.通过反应性碰撞和非反应性碰撞积分截面的比较,发现在低能碰撞情况,非反应性碰撞更容易进行.     

高位K2(1Λg) 与基态原子的碰撞转移

在K原子密度约为0.5～5×1016cm-3的样品池中,脉冲激光710 nm线双光子激发K2基态到高位1Λg态,研究了K2(1Λg)+ K(4S)碰撞转移过程.K原子密度由测量KD2线蓝翼对白光的吸收得到.测量不同K密度下1Λg态发射的时间分辨荧光强度,它是一条指数衰减曲线,由此得到1Λg态的有效寿命,从描绘出的有效寿命倒数与K原子密度关系直线的斜率得到1Λg态总的碰撞猝灭截面为(2.1±0.2)×10-14cm2,从截距得到的辐射寿命为(22±2)ns.测量了K的6S →4P3/2和4D→4P3/2在不同K密度下的时间积分荧光强度,得到了K2(1Λg)+K→K2(11∑ +g)+K(6S,4D)碰撞转移截面为(1.5±0.3)×10-15cm2(对转移到6S)和(8.5±3.0)×10-15cm2(对转移到4D).     

Study of ~3He inelastic scattering on ~(13)C and ~(14)C at 37.9 MeV

The differential cross sections of elastic and inelastic scattering of ³He ions on ¹³C and ¹⁴C have been studied at an energy of 37.9 MeV with a double folding model based on M3Y-Reid effective nucleon-nucleon interaction. The resulted parameters have been used for the standard Distorted Wave Born Approximation calculations of angular distributions corresponding to different excitations levels of ¹³C and ¹⁴C and deformation parameters have been deduced.     

Neutron scattering from Au,Hg, and Tl

The elastic and the inelastic scattering of fast neutrons from Au, Hg, and Tl was studied at incident neutron energy intervals of ~50 keV from 0.3 to 1.5 MeV. The differential elastic scattering cross sections were determined approximately every fifteen degrees from 20 to 145 degrees. The cross sections for the inelastic excitation of states in Au at 77, 270, 409, 520, 540, 740, 830, 940, 1120, and 1220 keV; in Hg at 160, 208, 440, 610, 980, and 1120 keV; and in Tl at 205, 279, 615, 680, 930, and 1080 keV were determined. The measured elastic scattering cross sections were compared with the results of optical model calculations and evidence for a decrease in the imaginary part of the potential near the doubly closed shell atA=208 was observed. The results of Hauser-Feshbach calculations, utilizing known spin and parity assignments together with those estimated from nuclear systematics, were in qualitative agreement with the measured inelastic excitation functions. The effect of resonance width fluctuations was considered in the context of the experimental results.