一维光子晶体光学特性的复平面波展开法研究

应用复平面波展开法对一维光子晶体的光子带隙, 透射特性进行了分析. 通过对色散关系和透射系数的数值计算发现一维光子晶体周期结构个数以及折射率分布对光学晶体透射系数以及光子带隙的影响. 对于含有整数个周期结构的光子晶体有共振点出现在光子帯隙外的频率范围内, 共振点的个数比周期结构个数少1. 带隙倾斜斜率等于折射率的比值. 折射率比值越大, 带隙的范围越大.     

一维光子晶体光学特性的复平面波展开法研究

应用复平面波展开法对一维光子晶体的光子带隙,透射特性进行了分析.通过对色散关系表透射系数的数值计算发现一维光子晶体周期结构个数以及折射率分布对光学晶体透射系数以及光子带隙的影响.对于含有整数个周期结构的光子晶体有共振点出现在光子带隙外的频率范围内,共振点的个数比周期结构个数少1.带隙倾斜斜率等于折射率的比值.折射率比值越大,带隙的范围越大.     

质子束轰击金属靶面的二次电子效应的模拟研究

基于粒子云网格计算方法,对质子束轰击靶面产生二次电子的效应进行了模拟研究,得到了不同电场强度对质子束的品质以及其产生的二次电子的数量的影响。研究表明,50 kV电压下,质子束束腰宽度1.8 mm,并有近10%的质子束打在阴极侧壁上;150 kV电压下,质子束束腰宽度1.2 mm。这说明,抽取电场强度小时质子束分散,其束流品质下降;抽取电场强度大时质子束紧凑。通过调控抽取、加速电压,可以有效地控制到靶质子流的聚散状况,以及由此产生的二次电子的强度及分布。     

绝缘微堆质子直线加速器关键技术研究进展

基于绝缘微堆技术的直线加速器由于其能够实现较高的粒子加速梯度,尤其在质子加速及肿瘤治疗领域的优势得到高度关注。目前该种加速器处于研发阶段,有一系列技术和工程问题有待解决。介绍了课题组在过去的两年里围绕建立一台1 MeV质子注入器原型样机在固态脉冲功率系统、绝缘微堆及质子束源等方面取得的研究进展。实现了耐压梯度接近20 MV/m的环形绝缘微堆样品,样品内径30 mm,外径50mm,厚度15mm,基本达到设计要求;固态脉冲功率系统实现了光导开关多路稳定工作模式,开关直流偏置耐压达到20kV,采用激光二极管触发同步系统在15路同步时实现了低于1ns的抖动,输出300kV的电压脉冲,输出电压脉冲宽度10ns;进行了低能质子加速束流动力学的初步分析和模拟工作,模拟结果表明采用微堆结构可以实现质子束的有效加速和传输。     

绝缘微堆质子直线加速器关键技术研究进展北大核心CSCD

基于绝缘微堆技术的直线加速器由于其能够实现较高的粒子加速梯度,尤其在质子加速及肿瘤治疗领域的优势得到高度关注。目前该种加速器处于研发阶段,有一系列技术和工程问题有待解决。介绍了课题组在过去的两年里围绕建立一台1 MeV质子注入器原型样机在固态脉冲功率系统、绝缘微堆及质子束源等方面取得的研究进展。实现了耐压梯度接近20 MV/m的环形绝缘微堆样品,样品内径30 mm,外径50mm,厚度15mm,基本达到设计要求;固态脉冲功率系统实现了光导开关多路稳定工作模式,开关直流偏置耐压达到20kV,采用激光二极管触发同步系统在15路同步时实现了低于1ns的抖动,输出300kV的电压脉冲,输出电压脉冲宽度10ns;进行了低能质子加速束流动力学的初步分析和模拟工作,模拟结果表明采用微堆结构可以实现质子束的有效加速和传输。     

共振引出系统的布局研究和模拟计算

在介绍1/3整数共振引出基本理论和相关技术的同时,通过简明的解析公式,详细研究和分析了共振引出系统的布局原理.以一台小型医用质子同步加速器的磁铁聚焦结构为基础,给出了设计实例,并与计算机模拟结果进行了比较.     

激光质子照相特性模拟研究

基于超短激光驱动的质子源的照相技术是传统质子照相技术的发展. 使用FLUKA蒙特卡罗（MC）程序,依据激光质子源的特点,对质子照相进行了定量的模拟研究. 通过对三种典型情况的模拟 （半平面靶及台阶靶,激光惯性约束聚变研究用黑腔,磁场网格照相） 分析了影响质子照相的主要物理因素, 表明了激光质子照相具有对界面敏感,高空间分辨,对磁场敏感的优点. 关键词： 超短激光 质子照相 蒙特卡罗     

固体中半整数四极核的自旋扩散

首先介绍固态中自旋扩散的一般理论，包括半经典描述和建立在投影算子理论上的密度矩阵描述. 接着以丰核环境中相互偶合的自旋-1/2系统以及自旋-3/2系统为典型列举了自旋扩散速率的计算. 最近藉助多量子魔角旋转(MQMAS)方法实现半整数四极核的多量子谱自旋扩散实验，可以测量固体粉末中半整数四极核体系四极张量相对方向. 结合作者最近的计算机模拟和实验测量结果对这一新兴方向作了重点介绍，尤其指出了射频
脉冲强度、宽度及样品旋转速度对交叉峰线型的影响.     

't Hooft单极场中泡利方程的精确解

本文利用活动标架的方法, 计算了同位旋I为任意整数或半整数自旋1/2粒子在't Hooft-Polyakov磁单极场中的运动; 对于同位旋1/2总角动量J=0的情况, 给出泡利方程一个精确的散射态解. 并对磁单极的催化作用进行了讨论.     

用20—1020 keV单能质子刻度CR-39固体核径迹探测器

用北京师范大学2×1.7MV串列加速器和400 kV高压倍加器产生的20—1020 keV单能质子束对CR-39固体核径迹探测器进行了刻度.为了保证质子的单能性和固体核径迹探测器上径迹密度不能超过10⁶/cm²的要求,对两台加速器分别采用了不同方法控制质子辐照数量.在串列加速器上采用了狭缝加转盘的方法,在高压倍加器上采用了100 ns单次高压脉冲扫描束流的方法,既保持了质子的单色性,又达到了质子注量小于10⁶/cm²的 关键词： 单能质子 固体核径迹探测器 CR-39     

The Model study on the Resonant Phenomena in Low Energy Proton Circular Accelerators with Intense Beams

The phenomena that proton passes through the integer and half–integer resonance points in low energy proton circular accelerator with intense beams are discussed.The manufacturing tolerances of the dipole magnet and quadruple magnet is given through simulations on the cases when the injection energy is 1MeV and the accelerating RF voltage per one turn is 1kV and 2kV, respectively. With these given manufacturing tolerances, particles can safely cross over the integer and half–integer resonant points.     

Kondo-transport spectroscopy of single molecule magnets

We demonstrate that in a single molecule magnet strongly coupled to electrodes the Kondo effect involves all magnetic excitations. This Kondo effect is induced by the quantum tunneling of the magnetic moment. Importantly, the Kondo temperature TK can be much larger than the magnetic splittings. We find a strong modulation of the Kondo effect as a function of the transverse anisotropy parameter or a longitudinal magnetic field. Both for integer and half-integer spin this can be used for an accurate transport spectroscopy of the magnetic states in low magnetic fields on the order of the easy-axis anisotropy parameter. We set up a relationship between the Kondo effects for successive integer and half-integer spins.     

Half vortices in exciton polariton condensates

It is shown that vortices in linearly polarized polariton condensates in planar semiconductor microcavities carry two winding numbers (k, m). These numbers can be either integer or half-integer simultaneously. Four half-integer vortices (1/2, 1/2), (-1/2, -1/2), (1/2, -1/2), and (-1/2, 1/2) are anisotropic, possess the smallest energy, and define the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature. The condensate concentration remains finite within the core of the half vortex and the condensate polarization becomes fully circular in the core center.     

Stripping extraction calculation and simulation for CYCIAE-100

A 100 MeV H- compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams of 75 MeV-100 MeV at an intensity of 200 μA will be extracted in dual opposite directions by charge exchange stripping devices. The crossing point at the switching magnet center is fixed inside the magnet yoke and the stripping points for various extraction energies are calculated by the code CYCTRS. With the code GOBLIN, we can calculate the transfer matrix including the dispersion effects from the stripping point to the switch magnet. The beam distribution just after stripping foil can be obtained from the multi-particle tracking code COMA and the extracted beam parameters after the switch magnet such as emittance, envelope, dispersion, energy spread, bunch length, etc. are given by the extraction orbit simulations.     

Inelastic low-temperature transport through a quantum dot with a Mn ion

Using the nonequilibrium Hubbard operator Green's function technique, we study the inelastic low-temperature quantum transport through an artificial single-molecule magnet coupled to a single phonon mode. For a minimal model based on CdTe quantum dot doped with a single Mn²⁺ ion (S=5/2), the calculated results show that in the presence of hole–phonon coupling, in addition to main Kondo-like peaks associated with (2S+1) sublevels of spin pair states, satellite Kondo-like peaks originating from emitting phonons appear in the local density of states and differential conductance. Moreover, the number of these phonon-induced Kondo-like peaks depends on the parity of the local large spin, i.e., S=integer or half-integer. It is expected that the intrinsic properties of artificial single-molecule magnets can be obtained by detecting these transport characteristics.     

Structure of the Yang-Mills vacuum in the Coulomb gauge

The non-uniqueness of Yang-Mills potential in the Coulomb gauge leads to a non-trivial vacuum structure featuring vacuum fields of both integer and half-integer topological charge. Instantons fit in consistently with this picture and their interpretation is not charged. Integer and half-integer vacua are connected by certain meron solutions and the existence of half-integer charged states appears to be important for the confinement properties of the theory.     

Finite-Dimensional Half-Integer Weight Modules over Queer Lie Superalgebras

We give a new interpretation of representation theory of the finite-dimensional half-integer weight modules over the queer Lie superalgebra \({\mathfrak{q}(n)}\). It is given in terms of the Brundan’s work on finite-dimensional integer weight \({\mathfrak{q}(n)}\)-modules by means of Lusztig’s canonical basis. Using this viewpoint we compute the characters of the finite-dimensional half-integer weight irreducible modules. For a large class of irreducible modules whose highest weights are of special types (i.e., totally connected or totally disconnected) we derive closed-form character formulas that are reminiscent of the Kac–Wakimoto character formula for basic Lie superalgebras.     

Emergent polarization singularities

Polarization singularities are shown to emerge spontaneously from the incoherent addition of uncorrelated optical fields that individually need not contain singularities. Examples of this phenomenon are given for both vector and ellipse fields. The incoherent addition of vector fields whose singularities have integer winding numbers is shown to yield fields whose singularities have half-integer winding numbers. These findings are used to make predictions about the singularities of the polarized component of the cosmic microwave background.     

Quantum phase interference and spin-parity in Mn12 single-molecule magnets

Magnetization measurements of Mn12 molecular nanomagnets with spin ground states of S=10 and S=19/2 show resonance tunneling at avoided energy level crossings. The observed oscillations of the tunnel probability as a function of the magnetic field applied along the hard anisotropy axis are due to topological quantum phase interference of two tunnel paths of opposite windings. Spin-parity dependent tunneling is established by comparing the quantum phase interference of integer and half-integer spin systems.     

Path-integral representation for tunneling amplitudes in the Schwinger model

Feynman path-representations for tunneling amplitudes for both integer and half-integer winding configurations are derived in the Schwinger model. A comparison with a perturbation treatment is made.