基于线性调频脉冲的光谱色散平滑技术实验研究

在激光驱动惯性约束聚变研究中,束靶高效耦合依赖于采用合适的束匀滑措施.目前,结合光谱色散平滑(smoothing by spectral dispersion,简称SSD)、相位板和光束叠加的技术是固体激光驱动器采用的主流束匀滑技术.瞄准间接驱动,实验研究了一套基于线性调频脉冲的SSD技术.在采用该技术后,远场色散方向上的高频调制得到了匀滑,色散后的近场也得到了匀滑.测量得到的光谱结构与理论模拟接近.该方法不需要相位调制器,而这类器件在传统SSD技术中是一个关键器件.     

基于束间动态干涉的快速匀滑新方法

针对高功率激光装置中靶面辐照均匀性的高要求,提出了一种利用束间动态干涉改善辐照均匀性的快速匀滑方法.基本原理是利用共轭相位板阵列对存在一定波长差的多束激光附加相位调制,从而使各子束在远场两两相干叠加以产生动态的干涉图样,进而引起焦斑内部散斑的动态扫动,在ps时间内抹平不均匀性.以典型惯性约束聚变装置中的激光集束为例,通过建立基于束间动态干涉的快速匀滑物理模型,定量分析了相位板类型、相位调制幅度和束间波长差等因素对焦斑动态干涉图样的影响及规律,进而对其束匀滑特性进行了讨论.结果表明,基于束间动态干涉的快速匀滑方法可以有效地实现多方向、多维度的焦斑内部散斑快速扫动,且通过与传统束匀滑技术的联用,可以在更短的时间内达到更好的焦斑均匀性.     

利用消衍射透镜列阵及光谱色散平滑实现焦斑均匀辐照

提出将空间域的透镜列阵法和时间域的光谱色散平滑法结合起来实现靶面的均匀辐照. 消衍射型透镜列阵能获得边缘陡峭且顶部较平坦的准近场焦斑，光谱色散平滑则能有效地抹平焦斑内部由多光束干涉引起的细密条纹. 数值结果显示，通过该方案能获得均匀性较好的焦斑. 进一步分析了光谱色散平滑单元中位相调制和光栅的参数对辐照均匀性的影响，发现参数的选取要在焦斑均匀性和能量利用率之间取得合理平衡，以在整体上获得最佳的均匀辐照效果. 关键词： 光谱色散平滑 透镜列阵 衍射 多光束干涉     

基于波导相位调制器的光谱色散平滑技术实验研究

利用波导相位调制器产生的正弦调频脉冲进行了光谱色散平滑技术实验研究.结果表明该铌酸锂波导相位调制器可以容易地将DFB振荡器产生的单纵模信号展宽到0.1—1.5 nm,远场分析表明焦斑扫动规律与理论计算一致,近场分析表明SSD对近场百微米尺度的调制有显著改善.本研究为高功率激光装置束匀滑方案的优化提供了参考. 关键词： 远场 近场 光谱色散平滑 惯性约束聚变     

周期性啁啾脉冲色散衍射实现近场强度匀滑

 对惯性约束聚变（ICF）激光驱动器中的周期性啁啾脉冲光谱色散后的自由空间衍射传输和近场强度匀滑特性进行了理论分析和数值模拟，并计算了色循环数对两者的影响。计算结果表明：远场光斑随色循环数增加而变大，强度调制加剧；近场强度匀滑效果随色循环数和传输距离增加而增强，但空间形状变化加剧。通过匀滑效果对比发现，基于周期性啁啾脉冲的光谱色散平滑系统的近场强度匀滑效果优于传统的正弦调频光束。     

Research on target uniform irradiation method using linearly modulated light and special grating dispersion

In indirect-drive laser fusion research, filamentation instability (FI) severely influences laser injection efficiency and beam pointing accuracy in hohlraum. Experiments indicate that high frequency modulations on the far field of the laser driver are responsible for the filamentation. To solve this problem, a new smoothing technique is proposed using linear modulation and special grating dispersion. The linear modulation was realized by stacking a series of 100 ps chirped pulses in fiber delay lines. The temporal smoothing characteristics of the focal spot adopting star and circular grating dispersion were studied. Simulation results indicate that both kinds of grating investigated restrained the high frequency modulations. The star grating has a better smoothing effect when compared to circular grating. The insertion of the star grating could realize “color” variation across the beam in the azimuthal direction and make the far-field pattern rotate with time. Therefore, the time-integrated focal spot would be smoothed in a more comprehensive way. This smoothing method bears the advantage of simple configuration, two-dimensional angular spectral dispersion and not enlarging the far field too much.     

Intensity limits for propagation of 0.527 microm laser beams through large-scale-length plasmas for inertial confinement fusion

We have established the intensity limits for propagation of a frequency-doubled (2omega, 527 nm) high intensity interaction beam through an underdense large-scale-length plasma. We observe good beam transmission at laser intensities at or below 2x10(14) W/cm(2) and a strong reduction at intensities up to 10(15) W/cm(2) due to the onset of parametric scattering instabilities. We show that temporal beam smoothing by spectral dispersion allows a factor of 2 higher intensities while keeping the beam spray constant, which establishes frequency-doubled light as an option for ignition and burn in inertial confinement fusion experiments.     

Beam smoothing by lens array with spectral dispersion

A scheme of combining technology of lens array (LA) and smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD) is introduced to improve the irradiation uniformity in laser fusion based on the earlier works on LA. The feasibility of the scheme is also analyzed by numerical simulation. It shows that a focal pattern with flat-top and sharp-edge profile could be obtained, and the irradiation nonuniformity can fall down from 14% with only LA to 3% with both SSD and LA. And this smoothing scheme is depended less on the incidence comparing to other smoothing methods. The preliminary experiment has demonstrated its effectiveness.     

采用透镜列阵与光谱色散改善三倍频小焦斑辐照均匀性

通过数值模拟研究了高功率激光驱动器的光束均匀辐照情况, 分析了三倍频激光辐照下小焦斑的光强分布及空间功率谱. 采用透镜列阵可降低光束近场畸变的影响并控制靶面焦斑的包络形状; 采用二维光谱色散匀滑技术可明显地消除焦斑内部大反衬度的强度调制, 且该方法在焦斑非常小的情况下也仍然有效. 大量的数值模拟结果表明, 光谱色散匀滑技术应用于尺寸不同的焦斑时, 其效果是有差异的. 对大焦斑而言, 光谱色散匀滑主要抹平其内部细密的条纹, 即消除中高空间频率范围的强度调制; 对小焦斑而言, 光谱色散匀滑主要消除中低空间频率范围的强度调制, 故将影响焦斑的整体包络形状. 本文所得的数值结果对间接驱动实验中激光束匀滑方案的选择和优化具有参考价值.     

Frequency-resolved coherent lidar using a femtosecond fiber laser

We demonstrate a coherent lidar that uses a broadband femtosecond fiber laser as a source and resolves the returning heterodyne signal into N spectral channels by using an arrayed-waveguide grating. The data are processed incoherently to yield an N-times improvement in the Doppler measurement of a surface vibration. For N=6, we achieve a sensitivity of 153 Hz, corresponding to a 0.12 mm/s motion, in 10 ms despite a signal that is speckle broadened to 14 kHz. Alternatively, the data are processed coherently to form a range image. For a flat target, we achieve a 60 microm range resolution, limited mainly by the source bandwidth, despite the dispersion of 1 km of optical fiber in the signal path.