人工鱼群算法在单轴旋转惯导系统轴向陀螺漂移辨识中的应用

 在惯性导航系统中,采用单轴旋转技术可以调制垂直于旋转轴方向上的惯性器件误差,而对沿旋转轴方向的误差没有抑制作用,因此旋转轴方向上激光陀螺漂移成为影响惯性导航系统精度的主要因素之一。为精确地辨识旋转轴方向上激光陀螺漂移,提高激光陀螺单轴旋转惯导系统的精度,利用人工鱼群算法AFSA（artificial fish swarm algorithm）建立了单轴旋转惯导系统轴向陀螺漂移辨识模型,给出了AFSA 辨识的详细步骤和方法。实验结果表明：AFSA可以对轴向激光陀螺漂移进行精确建模,补偿后的激光陀螺零偏不稳定性达到0.000 4 °/h。     

一种适用于双轴旋转式激光陀螺惯导对准的方法研究

为解决舰载惯性导航系统对准时间长的问题,利用分段线性系统理论（PWCS）方法分析了系统的可观测性,并提出了适用于双轴旋转式激光陀螺惯导的多位置对准方案,仿真结果表明该方法在4h内可完成所有陀螺和加速计零位误差的估计,可实现舰栽惯导4h高精度快速对准,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

天文/卫星组合点校捷联惯性导航系统算法研究

捷联式惯性导航系统通常采用卫星导航系统的位置、速度信息对惯导解算误差进行校正,但对于水下载体惯性导航系统而言,由于只能获得点位置信息,对惯导的校正精度以及校正参量有限。针对上述问题,提出了基于天文/卫星组合校正捷联式惯导技术,通过卫星精确定位信息和天文快速观测信息,全面修正惯导系统误差、提高导航精度。仿真结果表明,基于天文/卫星组合校正算法对惯导进行校正,相对于传统校正算法精度可提高约50%。     

捷联惯导系统中卡尔曼滤波的应用研究

为提高捷联惯导系统初始对准精度，提出将卡尔曼滤波技术应用于系统初始精对准，用以估计系统的失准角和惯性误差。对卡尔曼滤波技术在捷联惯导系统中的应用进行分析，建立捷联惯导系统初始对准误差模型和卡尔曼滤波量测方程。分析不同条件下不同滤波方法的滤波原理和滤波精度。在此基础上，提出一种将预测扩展卡尔曼滤波应用于逆向导航技术的思路，并进行了理论分析和捷联惯导系统自对准流程设计，为后续进一步深入开展惯导系统初始对准奠定基础。     

旋转式惯导系统等效惯性器件误差补偿研究

针对旋转式惯导系统导航误差随时间发散的问题,提出了一种等效惯性器件误差计算和补偿方法。该方法基于惯性导航系统误差模型和惯性导航等效误差特性,分析导航经纬度误差的直流分量、地球振荡项和时间发散项,计算主要等效惯性器件误差。经过等效惯性器件误差补偿后,经度误差发散被抑制,纬度误差的振荡幅值由0.4’减小到约0.15’,导航精度提高了62.5%。实验结果表明,利用该方法在导航系统中补偿等效惯性器件误差,可以抑制经度误差发散,减小纬度误差直流分量和地球振荡幅值,提高惯性导航精度。     

一种红外导引头量测误差抑制方法研究

针对自寻的反坦克导弹的红外导引头由于受复杂背景和随机干扰影响测角精度不高的问题,提出了一种惯导信息辅助的无迹卡尔曼滤波方法。利用惯导信息描述导弹自身的运动,基于弹目信息状态变量构建弹目相对运动模型,在此基础上采用无迹卡尔曼滤波方法实现对导引头量测误差的抑制。该方法实现了导引头量测信息与惯导信息的融合,充分利用信息资源,抑制导引头量测误差,提高了导弹的打击精度,仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

不同运动状态下的飞机目标雷达散射截面积统计特性分析

目标的运动状态对其动态雷达散射截面积(RCS)起伏特性具有十分重要的影响，同一目标在不同运动状态下，可能具有不同的RCS起伏模型。结合实测数据，对在平稳直线飞行和曲线机动飞行两种状态下的飞机动态RCS进行统计分析。分析结果表明:在平稳直线飞行状态下，飞机目标的动态RCS起伏模型与观测视角内的静态RCS起伏模型近似；在曲线机动飞行状态下，飞机目标的动态RCS起伏更显著、更随机，当观测时间足够长、目标的运动随机性更大时，其起伏模型更接近于指数分布。     

机抖激光惯导圆锥误差补偿算法研究

随着陀螺技术的发展,激光惯导陀螺数据输出频率变高,常用圆锥误差补偿算法使得系统运算负荷较大且无法有效挖掘高频数据对圆锥误差的补偿潜力。针对上述问题,提出五子样二次迭代圆锥误差补偿算法,推导了五子样二次迭代优化算法公式,并与双回路二子样、三子样优化算法进行了对比计算。经研究表明,该算法在保证惯导数据更新频率的同时有效提高了圆锥误差补偿效果,且相对于目前常用算法,对系统造成的运算负荷较小。提高了激光惯导系统在圆锥运动等恶劣工作环境下的工作性能。     

一种新的船用捷联惯导系统数字仿真器的设计

以舰船的运动特性为依据,设计了一种新的船用捷联惯导系统数字仿真器;用VC++编程语言设计舰船运动轨迹;建立陀螺仪、加速度计的误差模型;用惯导系统姿态更新、位置更新、速度更新解算的结果与航迹点参数(真值)比较,得到惯导系统误差;应用表明,该仿真器能够灵活地模拟出舰船在不同的运动状态下船用捷联惯导系统的各种导航参数,为研究舰载条件下的捷联惯导系统传递对准技术提供了可靠的试验数据。     

基于回路对准的大失准角传递对准技术研究

提出了一种大失准角情况下的传递对准方法,该方法基于回路对准使子惯导的姿态振荡误差衰减到小角度后进行滤波传递对准,设计了速度加姿态匹配的传递对准滤波模型。与传统传递对准方法相比,该方法无需建立子惯导非线性误差模型,应用经典Kalman滤波即可快速地完成对准。仿真试验表明,在大失准角情况下,子惯导失准角用外部速度可以调平到30′以内,传递对准姿态误差最大为0.5′,方位误差为2′。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.