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1.
本文介绍近期针对非均匀等离子体对强激光传播和电子束输运影响取得的研究进展,首先研究弱无序分布等离子体对强激光传播的影响,提出强激光在弱无序等离子体中存在非线性分支流传输机制,并阐明光电离效应及相对论效应对分支流的重要影响。此外,研究等离子体密度梯度对相对论电子束输运过程的影响,发现相对论电子束输运所激发的静电波在空间固定点处的波数或相速度随时间变化,并且不依赖于等离子体密度的上升或下降,静电波的局域空间波数最终随时间逐渐增大,这导致在非均匀等离子体中静电波通过朗道阻尼方式将能量耗散转移给背景电子,表现为一种由背景等离子体密度梯度引起的束流能量耗散新机制。  相似文献   

2.
采用相对论电磁粒子模拟程序研究了飞秒激光等离子体相互作用中产生的电流密度、电场和自生磁场的发展演化过程。介绍了电子的非局域热输运的基本特性以及激光加热过程中温度烧蚀前沿稠密等离子体子区的预热效应、临界面附近的限流效应,以及冕区的反扩散与限流效应,得到了经典Spitzer-Harm理论描述的电子热传导随自生磁场的演化情形。数值模拟表明:在线性强激光作用下,由于电子初始时刻的无规则热运动,在等离子体上激发电磁不稳定性,而不稳定性激发的强电磁场使电子束在非常短的距离内沉积能量,同时对在激光有质动力推开电子时形成的超热电子能量输运产生抑制作用。  相似文献   

3.
徐慧  盛政明  张杰 《物理学报》2006,55(10):5354-5361
采用一维粒子模拟(PIC)方法,研究了相对论效应对P偏振激光斜入射非均匀等离子体时产生的共振吸收的影响. 计算表明,弱相对论情况下,在临界面附近产生的电子等离子体波的相对论非线性效应占主要作用;随着入射光场的逐渐增大,吸收率逐渐降低. 当入射光强超过3.7×1017W/cm2时,由于超短激光脉冲本身在等离子体中产生相对论效应、等离子体波破裂效应,以及参量不稳定过程激发等,吸收系数随着激光强度又开始增加. 固定等离子体密度标长,取不同的激光入射角、电子初始温度,相对论效应对吸收系数的影响是一致的. 关键词: 激光等离子体 相对论效应 共振吸收 粒子模拟  相似文献   

4.
近临界密度是激光等离子体相互作用中能量吸收和高能电子产生的重要等离子体参数区间.利用激光加速产生的质子束作为电磁场探针,研究了超强激光与近临界密度等离子体相互作用产生的等离子体结构及其时间演化.实验发现,初始均匀分布的质子束穿过近临界密度等离子体后分裂为两个斑.两个质子束斑的间距随着作用时间先增大后减小.并且两个束斑呈不对称分布.分析认为,幅度约为10~9 V/m的不对称分布瞬变电场是产生质子束偏折和分裂的主要原因.粒子模拟的结果也验证了这一解释.该研究对激光尾场电子加速、离子加速、惯性约束聚变快点火方案研究等有一定的参考价值.  相似文献   

5.
强激光在冕区等离子体中传播到临界面附近生成相对论电子和相对论电子束流在随后较长一段稠密等离子体区的能量传输是快点火中的关键问题。对快点火条件下的激光等离子体参数,临界面附近产生的前向快电子电流往往超过阿尔芬极限电流,必须在稠密等离子体中产生中和回流,快电子流才能在稠密等离子体中向前输运。横向电磁不稳定性(类Weibel不稳定性,WI)和纵向静电双流不稳定性(TSI)很容易在这种电子双流体系中激发,前向电子束会被调制或成丝状结构,同时激发电磁场,粒子部分动能会转化为电磁场能量。不稳定性在非线性饱和后,发生电流丝的合并、磁场重联等过程,部分电磁场能量会再转化为粒子能量,表现为对离子体的横向加热。Weibel不稳定性的作用可能形成围绕传播电子束的磁通道,对快电子的定向和准直传播是重要的。TSI激发的纵向静电场对磁场通道会有明显的调制甚至破坏作用,直接影响高能电子流从激光吸收区到燃料压缩区的准直传播。  相似文献   

6.
王子涛  周维民  邓志刚  宋尧祥 《强激光与粒子束》2022,34(11):112001-1-112001-6
采用紧聚焦的超强短脉冲激光与固体通道靶相互作用是获得大电量、高准直相对论电子束的一种有效方式。实验中由于激光预脉冲烧蚀靶壁产生预等离子体会膨胀、填充到真空通道中,从而导致电子束品质发生变化。采用二维PIC粒子模拟程序研究了通道靶中填充预等离子体的电子加速过程。模拟结果显示,在功率密度为5.0×10^(20W/cm^(2))的超强短脉冲激光条件下,通道中填充一定密度的等离子体时激光场优先与低密度等离子体相互作用,激光脉冲与通道壁的相互作用减弱,电子加速机制由纵向场主导的真空电子加速转变为横向电场主导的等离子体电子加速,产生电子束具有更大的电荷量,但能量降低,发散角增大。  相似文献   

7.
基于激光驱动超热电子产生的高品质X射线源是高能量密度实验中有效的诊断技术手段,对辐射源亮度、穿透性和时空分辨率等特性具有极高的要求。结合粒子模拟和蒙特卡罗模拟研究,首先利用近临界密度等离子体实现了激光自聚焦通道中的大电量高能电子加速,通过直接加速机制产生了电量超过600 nC、有效温度可达15 MeV的高能电子;以此为基础提高电子-光子能量转换率,有效优化了光子能量和产额,并通过一定的转换靶参数优化方案产生了微焦点(FWHM小于200 m)、高能、高亮度X射线,为高空间分辨(小于200 m)成像诊断提供了很好的途径,有望早日实现激光等离子体轫致辐射单脉冲瞬态照相的实际应用。  相似文献   

8.
锥形激光等离子体中Compton散射对电子的加速   总被引:8,自引:4,他引:4  
应用相对论性电子与光子非弹性碰撞模型和经典相对论电动力学理论,结合锥形飞秒强激光等离子体中的光场特性和静电场能.分析、计算了入射的高能电子束与等离子体中的光子发生多光子非线性Compton散射时对电子的加速效应,发现等离子体中的光场会引起电子加速能量的振荡;等离子体中的静电场降低电子的加速效应。用高能电子束与锥形飞秒强激光等离子体中的光子发生双光子非线性Compton散射,是加速电子最为理想的情况。  相似文献   

9.
在激光尾波场电子加速机理中,为了有效地加速电子,需要抑制衍射散焦等造成的激光传输不稳定性问题. 激光脉冲的稳定传输不仅有利于能量耦合给等离子体波,而且对电子束的注入及稳定加速有着重要影响,具有一定横向密度分布的充气型放电毛细管可以有效引导激光脉冲的传输. 利用等离子体的Stark展宽效应对毛细管产生的等离子体进行密度测量,给出了等离子体密度与充气压强之间的关系. 利用磁流体程序CRMHA对毛细管的放电特性进行了模拟,研究了毛细管引导效应的形成机理. 关键词: 充气型放电毛细管 Stark展宽 磁流体模拟 引导  相似文献   

10.
强激光和稠密等离子体相互作用产生的三次谐波   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
沈百飞  余玮 《光学学报》1996,16(7):03-907
研究了超强激光和均匀及线性梯度高密度等离子体相互作用产生的三次谐波,特别研究了等离子体密度为四倍临界密度时的情形,这可能是用相对论效应产生高效谐波的最佳密度。  相似文献   

11.
Raman forward scattering (RFS) is observed in the interaction of a high intensity (>1018 W/cm2) short pulse (<1 ps) laser with an underdense plasma (ne~1019 cm -3). Electrons are trapped and accelerated up to 44 MeV by the high-amplitude plasma wave produced by RFS. The laser spectrum is strongly modulated by the interaction, showing sidebands at the plasma frequency. Furthermore, as the quiver velocity of the electrons in the high electric field of the laser beam becomes relativistic, various effects are observed which can be attributed to the variation of electron mass with laser intensity  相似文献   

12.
Aynisa Tursun 《中国物理 B》2021,30(11):115202-115202
An efficient scheme for generating ultrabright γ-rays from the interaction of an intense laser pulse with a near-critical-density plasma is studied by using the two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation including quantum electrodynamic effects. We investigate the effects of target shape on γ-ray generation efficiency using three configurations of the solid foils attached behind the near-critical-density plasma: a flat foil without a channel (target 1), a flat foil with a channel (target 2), and a convex foil with a channel (target 3). When an intense laser propagates in a near-critical-density plasma, a large number of electrons are trapped and accelerated to GeV energy, and emit γ-rays via nonlinear betatron oscillation in the first stage. In the second stage, the accelerated electrons collide with the laser pulse reflected from the foil and emit high-energy, high-density γ-rays via nonlinear Compton scattering. The simulation results show that compared with the other two targets, target 3 affords better focusing of the laser field and electrons, which decreases the divergence angle of γ-photons. Consequently, denser and brighter γ-rays are emitted when target 3 is used. Specifically, a dense γ-ray pulse with a peak brightness of 4.6×1026 photons/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW (at 100 MeV) and 1.8×1023 photons/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW (at 2 GeV) are obtained at a laser intensity of 8.5×1022 W/cm2 when the plasma density is equal to the critical plasma density nc. In addition, for target 3, the effects of plasma channel length, foil curvature radius, laser polarization, and laser intensity on the γ-ray emission are discussed, and optimal values based on a series of simulations are proposed.  相似文献   

13.
发展了一种描述相对论激光脉冲与稠密等离子体相互作用产生阿秒X射线源的半解析自洽理论.该理论模型不仅可以获得等离子体界面的振荡轨迹、振荡面电场和磁场等物理参数,而且能够精确计算出激光脉冲驱动下阿秒X射线源的频谱,结果与粒子模拟程序一致.理论计算结果表明阿秒X射线源的辐射特性与等离子体界面随时演化过程相关,在周期量级激光场驱动下等离子体界面振荡振幅呈现中心不对称,通过改变激光场的载波包络相位实现对等离子体界面振荡的控制,获得准单阿秒X射线源.  相似文献   

14.
Electron bunches of attosecond duration may coherently interact with laser beams. We show how p-polarized ultraintense laser pulses interacting with sharp boundaries of overdense plasmas can produce such bunches. Particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate attosecond bunch generation during pulse propagation through a thin channel or in the course of grazing incidence on a plasma layer. In the plasma, due to the self-intersection of electron trajectories, electron concentration is abruptly peaked. A group of counterstream electrons is pushed away from the plasma through nulls in the electromagnetic field, having inherited a peaked electron density distribution and forming relativistic ultrashort bunches in vacuum.  相似文献   

15.
All-optical ultrafast time-resolved plasma diagnostics of plasma-based accelerators (PBA's) are described, with emphasis on the laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA). Specifically, the diagnostic techniques involve replacing the trailing particle bunch in the LWFA with a trailing photon bunch: a weak ultrashort laser pulse. Since this photon pulse is derived directly from the intense pump pulse, practical difficulties such as synchronization and dephasing are eliminated. The interaction of the photon bunch with the plasma wake is essentially a simple time-domain shift in optical phase, which can produce both “DC” phase shifts and frequency blue/red-shifting of the probe pulse spectrum. These phase/frequency shifts are recorded in frequency domain interferograms, which are formally equivalent to time-domain holograms. Experimental results of longitudinal plasma density profiling are presented in which plasma density oscillations (Langmuir waves) in the wake of an intense (Ipeak~3×10 17 W/cm2) laser pulse (~100 fs) were measured with ultrafast time resolution. Phase shifts consistent with large amplitude (~80%) density oscillations at the electron plasma frequency were observed in a fully tunnel-ionized He plasma, corresponding to longitudinal electric fields of ~10 GV/m. Strong radial ponderomotive forces enhance the density oscillations. Finally, proposed single-shot schemes for simultaneous transverse and longitudinal profiling are discussed  相似文献   

16.
A method of generating odd harmonics from an intense laser incident upon a sharp vacuum-overdense plasma interface is presented. One- and two-dimensional simulations are used to investigate the interaction of ultra-intense laser pulses with a sharp vacuum-plasma interface. With an intensity greater than 1018 W/cm2 , these pulses have a pressure greater than 103 Mbar creating large density oscillations and relativistic electron velocities at the surface. This results in efficient odd harmonic generation. The author present is a physical model for this harmonic generation mechanism, along with some scaling of the power in the third harmonic. This is compared with relativistic particle-in-cell simulations that include mobile and immobile ions, as well as a variety of upper shelf densities. A discussion on how ion profile modifications influence the harmonics is also presented  相似文献   

17.
An analysis is given of the influence of the electron ponderomotive force on the equilibrium plasma profiles of partially ionized, radio frequency discharge sources, The ponderomotive force can be written as a gradient of a potential varying with the square of the RF field in the plasma and is largest for electrons, The impact of this electron ponderomotive force on density and electrostatic potential profiles is demonstrated using a one-dimensional analytic model with supporting numerical solutions and a two dimensional fluid simulation. For nearly collisionless plasmas the ponderomotive force is valid when ωceh/ω<1 where ωce h is the electron cyclotron frequency due to the RF magnetic field and ω is the RF driving frequency, In processing plasmas with parameters that satisfy this validity criteria, the equilibrium density profiles are weakly modified, For nearly collisionless processing plasmas with parameters such that ωceh /ω>1, the ponderomotive force, is modified by other nonlinear force terms that need to be evaluated  相似文献   

18.
白春江  崔万照  余金清 《物理学报》2016,65(11):113201-113201
为了进一步理解极端条件下物质的电离特性, 特别是超短超强激光脉冲辐照超薄靶时等离子体的形成与分布, 本文以超薄碳膜为例, 细致研究了超短超强激光脉冲辐照下原子的离化过程. 分析和比较了强激光场直接作用电离和靶内静电场电离等两种场致电离形式, 在碰撞电离可以忽略的情况下, 发现更多的电离份额是来自靶内静电场的电离方式. 研究了激光脉冲强度对电离的影响, 发现激光脉冲强度越强, 电离速度越快, 产生的高价态离子所占比例也越高.当激光强度为1×1020 W/cm2时, 尽管该强度高于电离生成C+6所需要的激光强度阈值, 但该激光脉冲并不能将整个靶电离成C+6离子, 对此本文进行了详细的分析. 在研究激光脉冲宽度的影响时, 发现激光脉宽越小, 电离速度越快, 但越小的激光脉冲电离获得的高价态离子越少.  相似文献   

19.
A photo-ionized lithium source is developed for plasma acceleration applications. A homogeneous column of lithium neutral vapor with a density of 2×1015-3 is confined by helium gas in a heat-pipe oven. A UV laser pulse ionizes the vapor. In this device, the length of the neutral vapor and plasma column is 25 cm. The plasma density was measured by laser interferometry in the visible on the lithium neutrals and by CO2 laser interferometry on the plasma electrons. The maximum measured plasma density was 2.9×10 14 cm-3, limited by the available UV fluence (≈83 mJ/cm2), corresponding to a 15% ionization fraction. After ionization, the plasma density decreases by a factor of two in about 12 μs. These results show that such a plasma source is scaleable to lengths of the order of 1 m and should satisfy all the requirements for demonstrating the acceleration of electrons by 1 GeV in a 1-GeV/m amplitude plasma wake  相似文献   

20.
白易灵  张秋菊  田密  崔春红 《物理学报》2013,62(12):125206-125206
用一维粒子模拟程序对功率密度在1022 W/cm2以上的超强激光驱动薄膜靶产生的相对论电子层及其经过汤姆孙散射产生的阿秒X射线进行了研究. 结果表明, 在超相对论强度范围下增大驱动激光强度, 相应减小等离子体密度及厚度可使电子层获得更高纵向动量, 使汤姆孙散射光明显向更短波长移动. 优化相关参数得到了波长为 1.168 nm的阿秒脉冲. 经过对倍频探测光方案与驱动光以及薄膜靶参数进行综合考虑和优化, 得到的X射线相干辐射波长有效减小到0.4 nm以下, 产生的光子能量达到2 keV以上. 关键词: 超相对论强度激光 阿秒X射线 相对论电子层 汤姆孙后向散射  相似文献   

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