首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
宋杨 《声学学报》2017,42(6):747-754
对次声波在大气中传播进行了建模。通过结合保色散关系空间差分格式和Runge-Kutta时间格式的数值方法,建立了次声波传播模型。应用该次声波模型,研究了在耗散的重力分层大气中次声波的平流层导行传播。数值模拟结果表明,当次声波波包在平流层高度上被反射时,反射区域存在焦散现象,在声波的声压下降的同时,声波的能量得到聚焦。通过数值模拟结果与射线计算结果的对比表明,大气中声波传播的轨迹的精确描述需要应用全波解。   相似文献   

2.
吕君  赵正予  周晨 《物理学报》2011,60(10):104301-104301
基于有限时域差分方法将大气中近似到二阶的非线性波动方程进行离散化,得到了数值模拟所采用的差分方程. 在此基础上,对线阵列辐射的脉冲声波在非均匀运动大气中的垂直和斜向传播进行了二维数值模拟,模拟了武汉地区(114:20°E, 30:37°N)在夏季和冬季UT=29000 s时开始传播的脉冲声波在不同时刻的声压分布. 模拟时通过采用Msise00和HWM93 两个大气模型,考虑了由于大气温度和密度变化以及大气风场存在所引起的大气不均匀性和运动性. 通过研究上述两季有风与无风条件下的声压差值pr,可以发现:风场对次声波在传播中声压分布的影响较大;由于不同季节和不同传播距离上"有效声速"的不同,导致了两季pr分布波形存在差异;风场对声波非线性传播的影响要远大于其对线性传播的影响. 关键词: 次声波传播 非均匀运动大气 有效声速  相似文献   

3.
推导了扩散近似方程,通过半无限大均匀介质计算,用扩散理论分析解验证了数值方法的有效性.模拟了光在非均匀介质内的传输过程,给出了介质内光通量随时间变化的空间分布.结果表明,该基于扩散模型的数值方法能够模拟短脉冲光在强散射介质中的传播过程以及漫散射光的时间变化特性,并且借助于光通量空间分布能够准确模拟非均匀介质内内含物的位置.  相似文献   

4.
胡帅  高太长  李浩  程天际  刘磊  黄威  江诗阳 《物理学报》2016,65(1):14203-014203
为模拟低太阳高度角条件下的天空偏振模式,自主开发了考虑大气球形几何及大气折射效应的辐射传输模式VSPART,并将其运用于漫射光偏振特性仿真.在模式中,基于射线追踪法实现了光线传播轨迹的追踪和入射光偏振态及透过率的计算,基于矩阵算法实现了辐射传输方程的求解.将VSPART模拟结果与基准值、SPDISORT模拟值进行了比较,验证了模型的准确性.在瑞利散射大气和含气溶胶大气条件下,模拟并分析了漫射光偏振度及偏振方向的分布特征,讨论了大气球形几何及折射效应对天空偏振度的影响.结果表明,低太阳高度角条件下,随着波长增加,瑞利散射大气对应的偏振度整体随之增强,中性点向大天顶角方向移动;气溶胶的存在并不改变天空偏振度分布特征,但对偏振方向影响显著,随着光学厚度的增加,天空偏振度值迅速降低;中性点的偏移可能与低阶散射过程紧密相关;大气球形几何和折射效应的主要影响区域为地平线区域、两中性点附近及天顶区域;瑞利散射大气条件下,随着波长增加,大气球形几何及折射效应的影响逐步减弱,特别在中性点附近及天顶区域,其影响逐步消失;随着气溶胶光学厚度的增加,其影响随之增强.  相似文献   

5.
大模场单模光纤在高功率激光器、高功率光传输和高灵敏度传感器等领域具有重要意义.设计了一种新型超低损耗大模场单模光纤,包层空气孔由掺氟硅玻璃棒代替,掺氟硅玻璃棒排列呈六重准晶体结构.基于有限元法对光纤的传输特性进行了数值模拟.研究了光纤结构参量变化对模式特性和有效模场面积的影响.结果表明:波长在1064 nm处,有效模场面积高达5197μm2,基模的限制性损耗低于10-5dB/km,解决了大模场与低损耗之间的冲突;在1064—2000 nm波段内,基模与二阶模的限制性损耗相差7个量级,实现单模传输;半径为10 cm时,弯曲损耗小于0.01 dB/m,具有良好的低弯曲损耗特性.此光纤能够提高光纤热损伤阈值,减少接续损耗,全固态结构有效避免了空气孔塌陷,简化制备工艺,对高功率激光传输、光纤激光器和光纤放大器的发展具有重要意义.  相似文献   

6.
根据大气中尺寸与光波长相近的各粒子的粒度谱分布函数,分析了大气湿度、粒子浓度、光信号波长和粒子直径等因子与量子弱相干光信号的衰减关系.讨论了多环境因子对大气能见度的影响,得到平流层量子通信中大气能见度和探测望远镜倾角对链路衰减的影响,量子信号传输误码率、保真度与大气能见度和传输距离的定量关系.仿真实验表明,随着大气湿度和粒子浓度的增加,量子信号传输的链路衰减逐渐增加,当光信号波长与粒子直径相近时,衰减最显著;在传输距离为15km,望远镜倾角为90°的前提下,当大气能见度分别为5km和15km时,链路衰减依次为18.9dB和14.2dB,信道误码率分别为0.010 5和0.009 9,信号保真度分别为0.22和0.71.  相似文献   

7.
胡帅  高太长  李浩  刘磊  程天际  张婷 《物理学报》2015,64(18):184203-184203
折射是影响辐射传输的重要因素. 为分析大气折射对辐射传输的影响, 基于Monte Carlo方法, 给出了考虑大气折射的矢量辐射传输模型, 实现了均匀气层和耦合面处光子随机运动过程的模拟, 实现了直射光及漫射光Stokes矢量、偏振度和辐射通量等参数的计算. 在考虑和不考虑大气折射两种条件下, 验证了模型的准确性; 在纯瑞利散射条件下, 讨论了大气折射对不同方向漫射光Stokes矢量的影响; 在不同太阳天顶角、大气廓线、气溶胶及含云大气条件下, 分析了大气折射对辐射传输过程的影响. 结果表明: 大气折射对漫射光Stokes矢量的影响主要体现在天顶角70°–110°区间, 且随着太阳入射角增大, 其影响更为显著; 不同大气廓线情形下, 大气折射对Stokes矢量的影响不一致, 其原因是不同大气廓线对应的折射率廓线存在差异. 含云及含气溶胶大气条件下, 大气折射对辐射传输的影响变弱, 沙尘型及海盐型气溶胶条件下, 折射对辐射传输的影响强于可溶型气溶胶情形; 不同形状气溶胶条件下, 大气折射对辐射传输的影响也存在显著差异; 不同云高条件下, 大气折射对漫射光Stokes矢量的影响无显著差异, 但随着云光学厚度增大, 大气折射的影响减弱.  相似文献   

8.
为了获得高消光比、窄线宽、信道间隔均匀的高性能梳状滤波器,提出了一种基于高双折射光纤梳状滤波器的结构设计,并利用传输矩阵法对设计的滤波器的滤波特性进行了理论研究.数值分析了该梳状滤波器中高双折射光纤、耦合器以及偏振控制器对梳状谱特性的影响.仿真结果表明,该滤波器信道间隔为50GHz,0.5dB带宽约为0.12nm,消光比高达30dB,满足25/50GHz梳状滤波器的要求.实验验证了推导的传输函数和波长间隔表达式的正确性,测得光谱隔离度可以达到22dB,0.5dB带宽大于波长间隔的30%.由于器件连接中存在各种损耗,实验所测的光谱隔离度总要低于理论值.理论分析、仿真结果与实验结果验证了该滤波器方案的有效性和可行性.  相似文献   

9.
利用荧光灯排列形成非均匀等离子体层(面积约60cm×52cm,消耗功率约400W),研究了其对1~8GHzE波(电矢量方向平行于灯轴方向的入射波)的反射和透射的影响。结果表明,该等离子体对1~4GHz的E波具有强吸收和弱反射的特性,单程衰减最高可达8dB。利用2维分段线性电流密度递归卷积时域有限差分计算式,模拟了E波传播及其在非均匀等离子体内推进的瞬态过程,计算了等离子体对电磁波的反射和透射衰减,并与实验结果拟合,得到等离子体电子数密度峰值约9.72×1016m-3,电子与中性粒子碰撞频率约4GHz。  相似文献   

10.
一种T形高功率微波功率合成器   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
提出了一种新型功率合成器,其工作原理为:通过在两个相互垂直的过模矩形波导中放置两组相互垂直的金属插板,对具有不同极化方向的矩形波导TE10模进行隔离传输,实现高功率微波的双路通道功率合成。基于这一原理初步设计了一个中心频率为9.55 GHz的功率合成器,并进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:这种功率合成器可以承受高功率,单通道工作时的功率容量分别大于7.31 GW和6.83 GW,中心频率上两个通道的单模功率传输效率分别达到了98%和99%,反射损耗分别小于-36 dB和-21 dB,通道之间的耦合损耗分别小于-30 dB和-45 dB。  相似文献   

11.
The results of observations of acoustic-gravity waves in the troposphere and the ionosphere at middle latitudes during periods of passage of the solar terminator are presented. Tropospheric observations were performed using a lidar. The frequency characteristics of variations of the tropospheric parameters are determined based on observations of the intensity of the scattered lidar signal. The characteristics of variations of the total electron content (TEC) in the atmosphere are determined from data collected by GPS navigation satellites. An analysis of the observational data showed that the spectrum of variations of the atmospheric and ionospheric parameters is indicative of acoustic-gravity waves (AGW) propagating from the lower atmosphere. Modeling studies of the vertical propagation of AGW from the Earth’s surface showed that such waves quickly (within ~15 min) reach altitudes of the upper atmosphere (~300 km). The refraction and dissipation of waves in the upper atmosphere produces perturbations of the background state of the atmosphere and gives rise to the waveguide propagation of infrasonic wave components. The observed manifestations of TEC disturbances caused by AGW propagating from the lower atmosphere can be explained by the diurnal variation of the altitude of the ionosphere and the waveguide propagation of infrasonic waves.  相似文献   

12.
Summary Recent stratospheric warmings are herewith examined in association with the influence of long-period planetary waves. Investigations on height and time variations of geopotential and wind data obtained in the winters of 1980–87 at different tropo-stratospheric levels from messages of the radiosondes situated in the Central Europe take necessarily into account the propagation of quasi-stationary and free planetary waves which in proper conditions mutually interfere with each other. The definition and evolution of the different types of warming are connected with the structure of these waves and enable one to interpret more completely coupling phenomena among different regions of the neutal atmosphere during the most disturbed winters. Distinct spectral analysis methods permit to extract from geopotential data series prominent wave periods within 1÷3 weeks. Westerly winds in the stratosphere reach unusual amplitudes before a sudden stratospheric warming, and this amplification is seen to be in connection with transient normal modes which are able to interact even with the mean circulation of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere.  相似文献   

13.
汤加火山喷发所产生的次声波   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
程巍  滕鹏晓  吕君  张天予 《声学学报》2022,47(2):289-291
2022年1月15日汤加火山发生了剧烈的喷发。在火山喷发后的8 h 39 min,距离火山喷发位置10151 km的昆明次声台阵记录到很强的次声波信号。次声波波列前几个周期平均为443 s,传播速度约为321 m/s,其波形幅度与频率随时间变化与核爆炸产生的次声波形相似。采用相关检测方法估计次声信号的方位角为119°。在持续监测中,还观测到了火山喷发产生的次声信号沿反方向绕地球到达的信号和沿正方向绕地球一周后再次到达的信号。   相似文献   

14.
In this paper, solutions to the problem of the radiative relaxation of temperature perturnations in an inhomogeneous, optically finite atmosphere are obtained. The properties of these indicate that there are only certain perturbations that decay at constant rates without changing their shape. These elementary perturbations constitutive the radiative eigenfunctions for the atmosphere and can be utilized to represent perturbations of arbitrary initial shape, whose relaxation can be studied following the relaxation of its expansion in radiative eigenfunctions. The basic solutions for the inhomogeneous atmosphere (i.e., an atmosphere in which the mixing ratio, temperature or band width varies with height) are found in terms of the radiative eigenfunctions for a homogeneous model atmosphere in which the variable parameters have been replaced by averages. The solution for arbitrary initial perturbations is applied to a model of stratospheric warming (for the decaying phase). It is found that there is no perturbation in the stratosphere that can last longer than 30–35 days.  相似文献   

15.
The idea of similarity between acoustic fields in a moving fluid and in a certain "effective" quiescent medium, first put forward by Lord Rayleigh, proved very helpful in understanding and modeling sound propagation in an atmosphere with winds and in an ocean with currents, as well as in other applications involving flows with small velocity compared to sound speed. Known as effective sound speed approximation, the idea is routinely utilized in the contexts of the ray theory, normal mode representation of the sound field, and the parabolic approximation. Despite the wide use of the concept of effective sound speed in acoustics of moving media, no theoretical justification of Rayleigh's idea was published that would be independent of the chosen representation of the sound field and uniformly apply to distinct propagation regimes. In this paper, we present such a justification by reducing boundary conditions and a wave equation governing sound fields in the inhomogeneous moving fluid with a slow flow to boundary conditions and a wave equation in a quiescent fluid with effective sound speed and density. The derivation provides insight into validity conditions of the concept of effective quiescent fluid. Introduction of effective density in conjunction with effective sound speed is essential to ensure accurate reproduction of acoustic pressure amplitude in the effective medium. Effective parameters depend on sound speed, flow velocity, and density of the moving fluid as well as on sound propagation direction. Conditions are discussed under which the dependence on the propagation direction can be avoided or relaxed.  相似文献   

16.
We propose a mechanism for the effective transformation of dilaton-field energy in field stars into relativisticplasma energy and radiation. The mechanism suggests initial transformation of the energy of an inhomogeneous dilaton field into electric-field energy followed by its dissipation into relativistic-plasma energy. The process is similar to the propagation of a relativistic detonation wave through a dilaton stellar atmosphere.  相似文献   

17.
M. Idrish Miah 《Optik》2011,122(1):55-57
We study the nonlinear wave propagation in an inhomogeneous optical fiber core in the normal dispersive regime. In order to include the inhomogeneous physical effects, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), which governs the solitary pulse propagation in optical fiber, is modified by adding terms for phase modulation and power gain or loss. The modified NLSEs are bilinearized and exact dark soliton solutions are obtained. The results are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Vector relationships between the fields on a certain surface confining an inhomogeneous three-dimensional volume and the fields inside this volume are obtained by the Stratton–Chu method developed for the case of homogeneous media. The vector relationships allow us to solve the direct and inverse problems of determining the fields inside an inhomogeneous medium given the field on its boundary. The vector equations take into acount the polarization changes of direct and inverse waves propagated in an inhomogeneous medium. In the case of a two-dimensional homogeneous medium, the vector equations reduce to the previously obtained scalar equations used in the approximation of spherical symmetry to describe the process of backward wave propagation during the atmospheric and ionospheric radio-occultation monitoring. It is shown that the Green's function of the scalar wave equation in an inhomogeneous medium should be used as the reference signal for solving the inverse problem of radio-occultation monitoring. This validates the method of focused synthetic aperture previously used for high-accuracy retrieval of the vertical refractive-index profiles in the ionosphere and atmosphere. In this method, the reference-signal phase was determined from a model which describes with sufficient accuracy the radiophysical parameters of a refracting medium in the region of radio-occultation sensing. The obtained equations can be used for the high-accuracy solving of inverse problems of radio-holographic sensing of the Earth's atmosphere and surface by precision signals from radio-navigation satellites.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号