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1.
许宗荣  田之悦 《光学学报》1995,15(9):245-1249
研究一维半导体在外电磁场中的光吸收、涉及电子带间的直接跃迁与间接跃迁,考虑了电子-空穴相互作用的激子光吸收,导出一维半导体的光吸收系数公式。  相似文献   

2.
霍裕平 《物理学报》1965,21(1):37-50
本文讨论了半导体中载流子与laser光的相互作用。把电子运动分成带内运动与带间跃迁两部分后,我们证明了在强光下,电子在带内运动的状态仍可用准动量p来标志,但不再是通常的稳定态,波函数中包含一个描述强迫运动的因子。进一步以带间跃迁或其他带内过程作为微扰,由于在跃迁过程中强迫运动部分也改变,因此伴随着有多光子的吸收或发射。根据一般的讨论,我们计算了由电声子作用引起的自由载流子吸收及由价带到导带的直接多光子跃迁的吸收系数。粗略估计表明,在一些材料中,上述过程引起的双光子吸收是可以被观察到的,特别是Ge中的直接双光子吸收。我们还指出,利用一束laser光射到晶体上后,可以在红外区域看到激子吸收线,从而提高了分辨率,并具体地分析了CdSe中激子吸收的情况。  相似文献   

3.
 硅和砷化镓的电子结构不同.前者属于间接带隙半导体,电子在价带和导带间的跃迁需要伴随声子的吸收或发射;而砷化镓属于直接带隙半导体,电子可以直接在价带和导带间跃迁.正是由于这个原因,砷化镓的发光效率远远大于硅.目前半导体光电器件均由砷化镓等直接带隙半导体制成.多孔硅是在单晶硅表面上制成的厚度约1-10μm的薄膜,其中含有百分之几十的孔隙,孔隙的横向直径很小,其量级为10nm,而高度可达μm量级.多孔硅在硅器件上有一定的应用前景.多年来不断有论文发表.  相似文献   

4.
周畅  龚蕊  冯小波 《物理学报》2022,(5):157-165
层间扭转角度是对石墨烯物理性质宽波段可调谐的一个新参量.本文采用2°<θ<15°扭转角度下的连续近似模型,获得了不同扭转角度双层石墨烯分别在有、无电场下的能带结构,通过电子-光子相互作用跃迁速率,计算模拟了范霍夫奇点附近电子带内跃迁和带间跃迁所引起的光学吸收谱.结果表明,在无外加电场时,带间跃迁吸收峰的位置随着扭转角度的增大而发生从红外到可见光波段的蓝移,且吸收系数增大,带内跃迁的光学吸收系数相对于带间跃迁高出2个数量级;而存在外加电场时,两个范霍夫奇点在波矢空间的位置发生偏移,带间跃迁吸收峰发生分裂,且两个分裂的吸收峰位置随着电场强度的不断增大而反向行进.上述研究结果对石墨烯材料在光电器件方面的应用有一定指导作用.  相似文献   

5.
沈学础 《物理学进展》2011,8(4):395-431
本文讨论半导体超晶格及量子阱导带和价带的量子化亚带或子能级之间的带间光跃迁过程。所讨论的光跃迁过程或光谱研究方法有吸收光谱、光电流谱、光荧光和荧光激发谱、调制光谱以及喇曼散射光谱。关于亚带能量状态将着重讨论量子阱中的激子效应和价带亚带混和及其对带间光跃迁的影响。  相似文献   

6.
本文讨论半导体超晶格及量子阱导带和价带的量子化亚带或子能级之间的带间光跃迁过程。所讨论的光跃迁过程或光谱研究方法有吸收光谱、光电流谱、光荧光和荧光激发谱、调制光谱以及喇曼散射光谱。关于亚带能量状态将着重讨论量子阱中的激子效应和价带亚带混和及其对带间光跃迁的影响。  相似文献   

7.
褚君浩 《物理》2005,34(11):840-847
光吸收跃迁效应是半导体光电探测器的基本物理过程.文章主要介绍光吸收跃迁效应在窄禁带半导体红外探测器应用方面的研究进展.讨论窄禁带半导体带间光吸收跃迁的理论和实验.文章还介绍了本征光吸收系数的表达式及其在材料表征和确定器件截止波长方面的应用,以及它在解释近年来发现的HgCdTe光电二极管电致负荧光现象方面的应用.  相似文献   

8.
利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,研究了外加电场作用下双层AA堆垛的Armchair边缘石墨烯纳米带(BAGNRs)的电子结构和光学性质. BAGNRs具有半导体特性,其带隙随带宽(宽度为4~12个碳原子)的增加而振荡性减小.当施加电场后,BAGNRs的带隙随着电场强度的增加而逐渐减小,带隙越大对电场值的变化越敏感.当电场值为0.5 V/?时,所有BAGNRs的带隙都为零. BAGNRs具有各向异性的光学性质,其介电函数在垂直极化方向为半导体特性,而在平行极化方向为金属特性.在外加电场的作用下,BAGNRs的介电函数、吸收系数、折射系数、反射系数、电子能量损失系数和光电导率,其峰值向低能量区域移动,即产生红移现象.电场增强了能带间的跃迁几率.纳米带宽度对这些光学性质参数具有不同程度的影响.研究结果解释了电场调控BAGNRs光学性质的规律和微观机理.  相似文献   

9.
赵国忠  潘少华 《物理学报》1996,45(6):929-939
运用Kronig-Penney(KP)模型的新形式,研究半导体超晶格中子带间跃迁的光学双稳特性。由二子能带模型密度矩阵方法,导出了子带间光跃迁的Maxwell-Bloch(MB)方程。从MB方程的定态解出发,得到了环形腔中超晶格子带间跃迁的光学双稳态方程,进而讨论了这种光学双稳的特点以及实现的条件。 关键词:  相似文献   

10.
王艳文  吴花蕊 《物理学报》2012,61(10):106102-106102
在有效质量近似的框架下,运用变分方法研究闪锌矿GaN/AlGaN量子点中的激子态及相关光学性质,探讨电子与空穴在量子点中的三维空间受限和有限势效应.数值计算结果显示,当量子点的尺寸增加时, 量子尺寸效应对电子和空穴的影响减弱,基态激子结合能和带间光跃迁能也都降低;而当该量子点中垒层AlGaN中 Al含量增加时,提高了量子点对电子和空穴的束缚作用, 同时基态激子结合能和带间光跃迁能都增加.数值的理论结果与相关实验测量结果一致.  相似文献   

11.
甘子钊  杨国桢 《物理学报》1981,30(8):1056-1066
本文是半导体中光的相干传播理论的第三部分。在前面两篇文章的基础上,推导了光在半导体中相干传播的Maxwell-Bloch方程;利用这组方程,讨论了带间跃迁和激子跃迁两种情况的许多可能的相干传播效应。文中特别着重分析了自感透明现象,证明了对于上述两种跃迁自感透明现象都是可能发生的。 关键词:  相似文献   

12.
甘子钊  杨国桢 《物理学报》1982,31(2):237-242
本文分析了半导体在吸收边附近,由于带间跃迁的饱和效应而产生的三阶非线性光学效应,并给出了InSb中反常大的三阶非线性光学常数。 关键词:  相似文献   

13.
As is well known, the absorption of circularly polarized light in semiconductors results in optical orientation of electron spins and helicity-dependent electric photocurrent, and the absorption of linearly polarized light is accompanied by optical alignment of electron momenta. Here, we show that the absorption of unpolarized light leads to the generation of a pure spin current, although both the average electron spin and electric current vanish. We demonstrate this for direct interband and intersubband as well as indirect intraband (Drude-like) optical transitions in semiconductor quantum wells.  相似文献   

14.
葛国勤  梁培 《中国物理》2000,9(11):813-823
Coherent transitions of charge carriers between the conduction and valence bands of a semiconductor medium are essential for the operation of a semiconductor laser. In this paper, we study how such interband coherence can be set up by an injection current and a coherent pump-field. In the absence of the pump-field, the injection current is the only source to establish the interband coherence in a semiconductor laser system. A laser threshold is obtained, which shows that a strongly coupled high-Q microcavity has a low threshold value. However, when an external pump-field serving as another mechanism to create the interband coherence is applied, the threshold value of the injection current can be lowered and it vanishes for sufficiently strong field. Besides, if the pump-field exceeds a threshold value, it is even possible to achieve a bistability in the inversionless region. Some fundamental macroscopic properties, including polarization, absorption and dispersion for the semicoductor system, are also obtained analytically.  相似文献   

15.
Tunnelling, acceleration, and collision of electrons are the basic events in the process of high harmonic generation(HHG) in strong-field interaction with atoms.However, the periodic array of atoms in semiconductor structure makes three steps become interatomic coherent process which leads to complicated carrier dynamics and two sources of high harmonic emission: interband polarization and intraband current.The difference of features of high harmonic generation between semiconductors and atoms is strongly linked to the unique presence of intraband motion which manifests itself a nontrivial role in intertwined two dynamics.Here, we review recent experimental and theoretical advances of understanding coupled interband and intraband mechanisms of HHG in semiconductors.Particularly we focus on the influence of intraband motion on the interband excitation, and on the subsequent HHG emission and attosecond pulse generation.  相似文献   

16.
A system of functional integral equations describing multiple impact ionization in semiconductors due to hot electrons and holes generated by the absorption of photons is solved. Two relaxation processes, namely interband Auger transitions and phonon emission, are analyzed theoretically to explain the spectral dependence of the quantum efficiency of the internal photo-electric effect. The dependence of the quantum efficiency in Ge on the energy of photons absorbed is calculated and compared with experiment.  相似文献   

17.
Wei-Xia Luo 《中国物理 B》2022,31(11):110701-110701
Photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy is a powerful and non-destructive experimental technique to explore interband transitions of semiconductors. In most PR systems, the photon energy of the pumping beam is usually chosen to be higher than the bandgap energy of the sample. To the best of our knowledge, the highest energy of pumping laser in reported PR systems is 5.08 eV (244 nm), not yet in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) region. In this work, we report the design and construction of a PR system pumped by VUV laser of 7.0 eV (177.3 nm). At the same time, dual-modulated technique is applied and a dual channel lock-in-amplifier is integrated into the system for efficient PR measurement. The system's performance is verified by the PR spectroscopy measurement of well-studied semiconductors, which testifies its ability to probe critical-point energies of the electronic band in semiconductors from ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral region.  相似文献   

18.
Optoelectronic processes in semiconductors are characterized by a strong coherent coupling between interband and intraband processes at the band edge. An appropriate theoretical framework for studying such processes is provided by the density matrix approach. On the two-point level, which is identical to single-particle quantum kinetic theory, all relevant information is provided by two intraband submatrices and one interband transition amplitude. Equations of motion for these quantities are derived by applying the random phase approximation and thus truncating the kinetic hierarchy. The structure of the resulting equations is discussed.  相似文献   

19.
甘子钊  杨国桢 《物理学报》1981,30(8):1041-1055
本文是关于半导体中光的相干传播理论的第二部分。考虑到电子空穴间的相互作用,我们讨论了光波与半导体的相互作用,得到了描述光激发电子空穴极化波的方程。我们指出只有在激发比较弱时,这组方程才可近似为一组线性方程,电子空穴极化波才可以看作玻色场。本文还着重讨论了分立的激子谱线的相干激发,证明了它可以近似等效于一个二能级系统的激发,等效的二能级系统的能级差和激发的程度有关,等效的二能级“原子”的“浓度”由激子波函数的性质决定。 关键词:  相似文献   

20.
Measuring low energy losses in semiconductors and insulators with high spatial resolution becomes attractive with the increasing availability of modern transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) equipped with monochromators, C(s) correctors and energy filters. In this paper, we demonstrate that Cerenkov losses pose a limit for the interpretation of low energy loss spectra (EELS) in terms of interband transistions and bandgap determination for many materials. If the velocity of a charged particle in a medium exceeds the velocity of light, photons are emitted leading to a corresponding energy loss of a few electronvolt. Since these losses are strong for energies below the onset of interband transitions, they change the apparent loss function of semiconductors and insulators, with the risk of erroneous interpretation of spectra. We measured low energy losses of Si and GaAs with a monochromated TEM demonstrating the effect of sample thickness on Cerenkov losses. Angle resolved EELS and energy filtered diffraction patterns (taken without a monochromator) show the extremely narrow angular distribution of Cerenkov losses. The latter experiment provides a method that allows to decide whether Cerenkov radiation masks the very low loss signal in EELS.  相似文献   

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