光学非球面透镜在一些光电仪器中的应用

使用非球面零件能大大简化光电仪器的系统，减小仪器的尺寸和重量，因而它得到越来越广泛的应用，介绍了光学非球面透镜在光盘机等光电仪器中的应用。说明了这些仪器中使用非球面透镜的原因，对透镜像质的要求，以及制造非球面透镜的材料。     

EPOCH Ⅱ(2100)超声探伤仪

FPOCH Ⅱ(2100)超声探伤仪由华德宝公司代理于1991年开始进入我国市场,并开始在一些无损检测部门使用。下面是Materials Evaluotions,49—9(1991)关于这项仪器的介绍。 EPOCH Ⅱ(2100)是美国泛美公司(PANAME~-TRICS)最新推出的全数字化便携式超声探伤仪。它是多功能的仪器,可广泛运用于核能、航空、精密材料、     

高效液相核磁共振仪联用技术及微量探头技术在天然产物分析中的应用

以下工作在VARIAN公司的INOVA 500 MHz仪器上完成，使用了高灵敏度的LC-NMR联用探 头及先进的WET脉冲序列进行溶剂峰压制. 通过运用高效液相-核磁共振仪联用技术及微量探头技术对几个天然产物混合物进行分析，展示了高效液相-核磁共振联用（HPLC-NMR）技术及微量探头技术在天然产物分析中的优势，既高效，快速，微量. 二者结合使用，使得用NMR技术分析天然产物混合物变得切实可行.     

从德国实验仪器谈现代技术与物理教学

1 德国实验仪器简介 Phywe公司从事物理、化学、生物等的科学实验设备教学和研究.它的产品在德国制造,在世界各地小学到大学的教育和研究领域广泛使用.     

X射线衍射仪功能扩展的研究

通过软件实现了用 Ｐ Ｃ 机调用日本 Ｒｉｇａｋｕ 公司生产的 Ｄ／ ｍａｘ 一类 Ｘ 射线衍射仪测量数据，利用 Ｐ Ｃ 机的复杂计算功能，使原有仪器也可以进行新的结构分析工作，扩展了仪器的功能。     

’95全国桩与地基动测仪器与应用技术交流会在京召开

中国声学学会检测声学分会与中国振动工程学会主动力学专业委员会干1995年5月31日至6月4日在京联合举办了“’95全国桩与地基动测仪器与应用技术交流会”．参加会议的有16个国内外生产及研制动测仪器、传感器的单位及厂商、研究、应用桩与地基动测技术的代表．计45个单位近70人，以及建设部、地矿部、国家科委、国家建筑工程质检中心的特邀代表10人。大会交流论文16篇，现场表演观摩的动测仪器12种，传感器三大类数十种，大D径灌注拉钻孔孔径测试仪二种，以及美国劳雷工业公司由加拿大专程运来的，在荷兰、美、日、韩、新加坡等国使用的准…     

实验室仪器微机管理系统

实验室仪器微机管理系统①刘奕新覃以威（百色师范专科学校百色５３３０００）（广西师范大学桂林５４１００１）１前言一个实验室仪器众多，种类繁杂。新购仪器的入库登记、分类造册、仪器的领用管理、现有仪器的使用情况、元件材料的库存情况等等，确实是令仪器管理人员...     

浅谈螺旋测微器在教学使用中的常见误区及纠正

螺旋测微器(千分尺)是测量长度的精密仪器，在物理实验中是常用的测量工具之一．而初接触该仪器的学生往往一下子难以掌握．所以在使用该仪器时，教师应对学生如何操作使用进行教学．笔者总结出教师教学和学生理解该仪器使用方法时，存在常见的三个误区．本文讨论的螺旋测微器(千分尺)的量程为25mm，最小分度值为0．01mm，可估计到0．001mm，其仪器误差为0．005mm(分度值的一半)．     

建材样品X光辐射吸收系数测定的实验设计

我校在物理实验教学中使用的是德国莱宝公司生产的X射线实验仪，是一台适用于进行X光各种基本特性测试的物理实验设备．该仪器能进行X光作用于晶体布拉格衍射实验；能直接演示X射线对物体的透射效果，测量材料对X光透射曲线；能验证康普顿效应和莫塞莱定律等等．     

东大完成的合作开发项目受到UNESCO赞赏

东南大学物理系物理仪器研究室于1986年接受联合国教科组织(UNESCO)时资助与该组织合作开发15种可提供给第三世界使用的物理实验仪器。这15种仪器包话课堂演示用物理实验仪器，普通物理实验仪器和近代物理实验仪器等。     

核磁共振弛豫时间测量数据处理方法的讨论

分析和讨论了在超小型核磁共振成像仪测量弛豫时间T1的数据处理方法中存在的问题,并提出了测量方法和数据拟合的改进方案.     

Automatic alignment of individual peaks in large high-resolution spectral data sets

Pattern recognition techniques are effective tools for reducing the information contained in large spectral data sets to a much smaller number of significant features which can then be used to make interpretations about the chemical or biochemical system under study. Often the effectiveness of such approaches is impeded by experimental and instrument induced variations in the position, phase, and line width of the spectral peaks. Although characterizing the cause and magnitude of these fluctuations could be important in its own right (pH-induced NMR chemical shift changes, for example) in general they obscure the process of pattern discovery. One major area of application is the use of large databases of (1)H NMR spectra of biofluids such as urine for investigating perturbations in metabolic profiles caused by drugs or disease, a process now termed metabonomics. Frequency shifts of individual peaks are the dominant source of such unwanted variations in this type of data. In this paper, an automatic procedure for aligning the individual peaks in the data set is described and evaluated. The proposed method will be vital for the efficient and automatic analysis of large metabonomic data sets and should also be applicable to other types of data.     

Application of the NMR-MOUSE to food emulsions

The application of the NMR-MObile Universal Surface Explorer (NMR-MOUSE) to study food systems is evaluated using oil-in-water emulsions, and the results are compared to those obtained using a conventional low-field NMR (LF-NMR) instrument. The NMR-MOUSE is a small and portable LF-NMR system with a one-sided magnet layout that is used to replace the conventional magnet and probe on a LF-NMR instrument. The high magnetic field gradients associated with the one-sided MOUSE magnet result in NMR signal decays being dominated by molecular diffusion effects, which makes it possible to discriminate between the NMR signals from oil and water. Different data acquisition parameters as well as different approaches to the analysis of the NMR data from a range of oil-in-water emulsions are evaluated, and it is demonstrated how the concentration of oil and water can be determined from the NMR-MOUSE signals. From these model systems it is concluded that the NMR-MOUSE has good potential for the quantitative analysis of intact food products.     

Spectral unraveling by space-selective Hadamard spectroscopy

Spectral unraveling by space-selective Hadamard spectroscopy (SUSHY) enables recording of NMR spectra of multiple samples loaded in multiple sample tubes in a modified spinner turbine and a regular 5mm liquids NMR probe equipped with a tri-axis pulsed field gradient coil. The individual spectrum from each sample is extracted by adding and subtracting data that are simultaneously obtained from all the tubes based on the principles of spatially resolved Hadamard spectroscopy. The well-known Hadamard spectroscopy has been applied for spatial selection and the method utilizes standard configuration of NMR instrument hardware. The SUSHY method can be easily incorporated in multi-dimensional multi-tube NMR experiments. This method combines the excitation multiplexing, natural advantage of FTNMR, and sample multiplexing and offers high-throughput by reducing the total experimental time by up to a factor of four in a 4-tube mode.     

Stray-field magnetic resonance imaging of solid materials

NMR imaging has experienced a tremendous increase in its use in a diverse range of investigations, particularly in the field of medical diagnostics. With regard to NMR imaging of solid materials, a number of challenges must be overcome before solid-state NMR imaging can experience widespread use. To date, a variety of strategies has been proposed for obtaining solid-state NMR images. In this paper, we will review the literature dealing with a specific solid-state NMR imaging method, stray-field imaging. We will describe our implementation of a two-dimensional version of the stray-field imaging method on a commercial instrument capable of collecting wideline NMR data and the use of this method in the examination of solid materials of interest in the aerospace industry.     

Field sweep broadline NMR spectroscopy

A novel NMR spectrometer is described that is uniquely versatile in its ability to accurately record broad lines by sweeping the superconducting magnetic field and to perform standard high resolution solid state NMR experiments. Broadline observation is illustrated by ²⁷Al spectra from static samples. Such an instrument opens up many nuclei for serious study by NMR in the solid state for the first time.     

核磁共振技术在SIPM开发生产中的应用

本文利用核磁共振氢谱技术，建立了生产间苯二甲酸二甲酯磺酸钠（SIPM）工序中磺化率、酯化率的快速测定方法，为工艺的进一步优化及常规的中控分析方法的建立提供了依据。并尝试利用核磁共振技术测定SIPM在水中及8％硫酸钠水溶液中不同温度下的溶解情况。对生产所用的原料、产品的纯度以及废水处理中的副产物进行了测定，结果令人满意。     

Single-sided mobile NMR with a Halbach magnet

A single-sided mobile NMR apparatus with a small Halbach magnet was constructed for the first time. It is lightweight, compact and exhibits good sensitivity. The weight of the device is only 2 kg, and the NMR signal of the pencil eraser block can be detected in one shot using the device. This study describes the characteristics of this instrument, including the profile of static magnetic flux density, B0, the sensitivity in the depth direction and its effectiveness in one-dimensional profiling. Its usefulness in differentiating soft materials and evaluating the extent of damage of a material is demonstrated based on T2 relaxation data. The moisture absorbance also can be observed from the increase of the echo amplitude of the NMR spin echo signal.     

脉冲梯度增强技术的初步研究

自行研制一套脉冲梯度场系统,配合Bruker公司MSL 300谱仪研究脉冲梯度增强的高分辨核磁共振,研制以PC/286为核心的梯度脉冲波形和幅度可任意调节的梯度场发生器;改装谱仪的¹H液体探头、增加梯度场线图.分析了脉冲梯度场产生的涡流磁场的影响;报道了利用自制梯度场系统进行的脉冲梯度增强的高分辨COSY实验.     

一维瞬间碰撞实验研究

在一维瞬态碰撞实验中使用了碰撞过程瞬态数字测量仪测量冲力数据,本文对实验装置及数据的采集、转换和输出进行了介绍,编写了相关的程序对碰撞开始数据进行判断,选择适当的采样周期以提高实验精度,并将实验扩展到牛顿第二定律及研究完全非弹性碰撞.