自旋轨道矩协助自旋转移矩驱动磁化强度翻转

以磁隧道结/重金属层组成的三端口磁隧道结为理论模型,通过对包含自旋转移矩和自旋轨道矩的Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)方程做线性化稳定性分析,研究了自旋轨道矩协助自旋转移矩驱动的磁化强度翻转.发现在自旋轨道矩协助下,磁矩的翻转时间极大减小,翻转时间随自旋轨道矩电流密度的增大而减小,且自旋转移矩和自旋轨道矩的结合可实现零磁场的磁化翻转.另外,相比自旋轨道矩的类阻尼项,类场项在磁化强度的翻转中起着主导作用,且自旋轨道矩类场项的出现也可以减小磁化强度的翻转时间,磁化强度翻转时间随自旋轨道矩类场项强度的增大而减小.     

光束正入射至界面时的自旋-轨道相互作用及其增强

光束正入射至均匀突变界面时的自旋-轨道相互作用表现为拓扑荷数为±2的、自旋可控的涡旋相位.然而,该涡旋相位的物理来源以及界面的性质在自旋-轨道相互作用过程中起到何种作用,这些问题还有待解决.首先建立一个简洁的菲涅耳琼斯矩阵来描述这种自旋-轨道相互作用,并揭示其中的涡旋相位其实是一种贝里(Berry)几何相位,它来源于光束本身的拓扑结构,而界面的性质影响自旋-轨道相互作用的转换效率.一般情况下,转换效率极低,限制了其应用.因此,基于上述理论,提出采用光轴平行于界面法线方向的单轴薄层材料,来极大地增强这种自旋-轨道相互作用.     

氦原子自旋-其它轨道相互作用精细结构参数的理论计算

以多电子原子精细结构哈密顿的球张量形式和氦原子非相对论性能级结构理论为基础,借助不可约张量理论,建立了计算氦原子自旋-其它轨道相互作用精细结构参数的一种解析理论形式.完成了所有的角向积分和自旋求和计算,自旋-其它轨道相互作用精细结构参数最终用若干个径向积分来表示.以氦原子(1s2p)3P态为例,借用类氢形式的径向函数对这些径向积分进行了近似计算.计算结果表明:在氦原子的精细结构中,自旋-其它轨道相互作用与纯自旋-轨道相互作用的作用效果相反;在总自旋-轨道相互作用精细结构参数中,自旋-其它轨道相互作用起决定性作用,它决定着精细结构分裂的顺序.     

绿宝石晶体自旋二重态对基态能级的影响及Jahn-Teller效应

应用不可约张量方法和群的理论构造了三角对称晶场中考虑自旋 轨道相互作用,自旋 自旋相互作用和自旋 其它轨道相互作用的3d3/3d7态离子的可完全对角化的120阶微扰哈密顿矩阵.利用该矩阵计算了绿宝石晶体的基态能级、零场分裂参量,研究了自旋二重态对基态能级的贡献.理论计算值与实验值相符合,证明二重态对基态的贡献是不可忽略的.在此基础上,进一步研究了自旋 自旋相互作用、自旋 其它轨道相互作用和自旋 轨道相互作用对绿宝石晶体的光谱精细结构和零场分裂参量的影响,发现自旋 自旋和自旋 其它轨道相互作用对绿宝石晶体基态能级和零场分裂参量的影响都是不可忽略的.从而通过理论计算值和实验值的比较,证实了在绿宝石晶体中Jahn Teller效应的存在,它能够对光谱精细结构的分裂提出一些更加合理的解释.     

Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用影响下量子盘中强耦合磁极化子性质的研究

本文基于Lee-Low-Pines幺正变换法,采用Tokuda改进的线性组合算符法研究了Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用效应下量子盘中强耦合磁极化子的性质.结果表明,磁极化子的相互作用能Eint的取值随量子盘横向受限强度ω0、外磁场的回旋频率ωc、电子-LO声子耦合强度α和量子盘厚度L的变化均与磁极化子的状态性质密切相关;磁极化子的平均声子数N随ωc,ω0和α的增加而增大,随L的增加而振荡减小;在Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用效应影响下磁极化子的有效质量将劈裂为m*+,m*-两种,它们随ωc,ω0和α的增加而增大,随L的增加而振荡减小;在研究量子盘中磁极化子问题时,电子-LO声子耦合和Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用效应的影响不可忽略,但Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用和极化子效应对磁极化子的影响只有在电子运动的速率较慢时显著.     

串型耦合双量子点处于自旋阻塞区时磁输运性质的研究

使用双杂质安德森模型的哈密顿量,从理论上研究了串型耦合双量子点系统处于自旋阻塞区时的磁输运性质,并用主方程近似方法求解了哈密顿量.结果表明,自旋轨道耦合作用导致的双量子点间的自旋反转隧穿能够解除系统的自旋阻塞.同时也研究了超精细相互作用导致的在量子点内自旋反转和双量子点之间的自旋关联对系统的磁输运性质的影响,取得了一些有价值的结果,并对相关的物理问题进行了讨论.     

7ΛLi自旋翻转M1跃迁的实验研究

使用大立体角的锗探测器陈列(Hyperball),观测到⁷_ΛLi基态二重态之间的自旋翻转M1γ跃迁(3/2⁺→1/2⁺,能量为691.7±0.6±1.0keV.为Λ与核子之间的自旋-自旋相互作用提供了重要的信息.     

一维有机聚合物中极化子的自旋进动

从理论上讨论一维有机聚合物中由门电压导致的极化子自旋的输运动力学,由于自旋-轨道相互作用,当极化子沿着聚合物链运动时,自旋发生周期性进动.     

石墨烯中选择性增强Kane-Mele型自旋-轨道相互作用

增强石墨烯中的自旋-轨道相互作用可能实现无耗散的量子自旋霍尔器件,这需要在石墨烯样品中引入独特的Kane-Mele型自旋-轨道相互作用,并保持较高的迁移率.然而,对石墨烯的外在修饰往往会引入“外禀型”Rashba自旋-轨道相互作用,会破坏可能存在的拓扑态,并带来一定程度的杂质散射,降低样品迁移率.在石墨烯表面修饰EDTA-Dy分子后,载流子迁移率得到了提高,并且可以看到显著的量子霍尔电导平台.其弱局域化效应相比被修饰之前得到了抑制,这意味石墨烯中可能引入了内禀的Kane-Mele型自旋-轨道相互作用,增强了Elliot-Yafet型电子自旋弛豫机制.进一步通过矢量磁体磁阻测量,发现该分子覆盖在石墨烯上后造成了石墨烯微弱的涟漪,这种涟漪引起的弯曲声子效应模拟了Kane-Mele型自旋-轨道相互作用.     

红宝石晶体的基态能级分裂及Jahn-Teller效应

应用不可约张量方法和群的理论构造了三角对称晶场中考虑自旋-轨道相互作用，自旋-自旋相互作用的3d³/3d⁷离子的可完全对角化的120阶微扰哈密顿矩阵，利用该矩阵计算了红宝石晶体的基态能级、零场分裂参量和Jahn-Teller效应，研究了自旋-轨道的自旋二重态对基态能级的贡献，证明其二重态对基态能级的贡献是不可忽略的，理论计算值与实验值相符合.在此基础上，进一步研究了自旋-自旋相互作用对红宝石晶体的光谱精细结构和零场分裂参量的影响，发现自旋-自旋相互作用对零场分裂参量的影响是不可忽略的. 关键词： 基态能级 精细结构 自旋-轨道相互作用 零场分     

磁性纳米结构中由激光引起的超快自旋动力学研究

以单个磁性中心的NiO以及由Co和Ni等元素构成的双磁性中心的纳米结构为例,总结了近年所做的主要工作.为了在理论上实现磁性纳米结构中的超快自旋翻转和转移,提出了一种称为Λ进程(Λ process)的超快自旋转换机理.在实际计算中,首先采用量子化学第一性原理计算得到磁性纳米结构中精确的隙间d电子态,然后考虑外加磁场和自旋轨道耦合分析磁性原子中的自旋局域化程度,最后引入激光脉冲项,研究在其作用下材料的自旋态经由Λ进程实现转换的时间历程.研究结果表明自旋翻转和转移可以在线偏振光的作用下在亚皮秒的时间尺度内完成. 关键词： 超快自旋动力学 第一性原理计算 Λ进程 磁性纳米结构     

张量力对原子核性质的影响(英文)

最近一段时期, 对张量力性质研究成为原子核结构研究的热点之一。 基于自洽的Skyrme平均场理论讨论了张量力研究的最新进展。 同时, 讨论了张量力和Skyrme能量密度中的中心交换项对原子核单粒子态的演化以及多极巨共振的贡献。 发现考虑张量力贡献后,利用Skyrme平均场计算可以基本描述Z=50和N=82原子核单粒子态演化的实验结果。而张量力对于原子核电多极巨共振基本没有影响,只对其低能集体态有一定的影响。 张量力的引入使得原子核磁单极巨共振的能量和强度发生显著的改变。 通过对数值结果的分析,发现张量力会产生吸引的粒子-空穴剩余相互作用。The impact of the tensor force on the properties of finite nuclei is discussed by analyzing the spin orbit splittings and the multipole giant resonances in nuclei. It is found that the tensor force do plays an important role in nuclear structure. The experimental isospin dependence of the spin orbit splitting is very well depicted when the tensor force is included. The tensor force has a larger effect on the spin flip magnetic dipole states than on the natural parity isoscalar quadrupole(2+) states. By analyzing the modifications to the Hartree Fock mean field induced by the tensor terms,and the specific features of the residual particle hole tensor interaction,we find that the tensor force gives an attractive contribution to the particle hole matrix elements.     

Spin Hall and spin Nernst effects in graphene with intrinsic and Rashba spin-orbit interactions

The spin Hall and spin Nernst effects in graphene are studied based on Green’s function formalism.We calculate intrinsic contributions to spin Hall and spin Nernst conductivities in the Kane-Mele model with various structures.When both intrinsic and Rashba spin-orbit interactions are present,their interplay leads to some characteristics of the dependence of spin Hall and spin Nernst conductivities on the Fermi level.When the Rashba spin-orbit interaction is smaller than intrinsic spin-orbit coupling,a weak kink in the conductance appears.The kink disappears and a divergence appears when the Rashba spin-orbit interaction enhances.When the Rashba spin-orbit interaction approaches and is stronger than intrinsic spin-orbit coupling,the divergence becomes more obvious.     

Spin-orbit lateral superlattices: Energy bands and spin polarization in 2DEG

The Bloch spinors, energy spectrum, and spin density in energy bands are studied for a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with Rashba spin-orbit (SO) interaction subject to the one-dimensional (1D) periodic electrostatic potential of a lateral superlattice. The space symmetry of the Bloch spinors with spin parity is studied. It is shown that the Bloch spinors at fixed quasi-momentum describe the standing spin waves with the wavelength equal to the superlattice period. The spin projections in these states have components both parallel and transverse to the 2DEG plane. The anticrossing of the energy dispersion curves due to the interplay between the SO and periodic terms is observed, thus, leading to the spin flip. The relation between the spin parity and the interband optical selection rules is discussed, and the effect of magnetization of the SO superlattice in the presence of an external electric field is predicted. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Spin edge states in two-dimensional electron systems in the presence of Zeeman effect

We study the spin edge states, induced by the combined effect of Bychkov-Rashba spinorbit and Zeeman interactions or of Dresselhaus spin-orbit and Zeeman interactions in a twodimensional electron system, exposed to a perpendicular quantizing magnetic field and restricted by a hard-wall confining potential. We derive an exact analytical formula for the dispersion relations of spin edge states and analyze their energy spectrum versus the momentum and the magnetic field. We calculate the average spin components and the average transverse position of electron. It is shown that by removing the spin degeneracy, spin-orbit interaction splits the spin edge states not only in the energy but also induces their spatial separation. Depending on the type of spin-orbit coupling and the principal quantum number, the Zeeman term in the combination with spin-orbit interaction increases or decreases essentially the splitting of bulk Landau levels while it has a weak influence on the spin edge states.     

Spin polarization in parallel double dots with spin-orbit interaction

Spin polarization in parallel double quantum dots embedded in arms of Aharonov-Bohm interferometer is investigated. The spin-orbit interaction exists in quantum dots. We find that the spin polarization is quite large even with a weak spin-orbit interaction. The direction and the strength of the spin polarization are well controllable and manipulatable by simply varying the strength of spin-orbit interaction or the energy levels in quantum dots. Moreover, electron-electron interaction strengthens the spin accumulation when the energy levels of the two quantum dots are identical. As the energy levels are unequal, electron-electron interaction cannot increase the spin accumulation. It is worth mentioning that the device is free of a magnetic field or a ferromagnetic material and it can be easily realized with present technology.     

Spin Hall effect on edge magnetization and electric conductance of a 2D semiconductor strip

The intrinsic spin Hall effect on spin accumulation and electric conductance in a diffusive regime of a 2D electron gas has been studied for a 2D strip of a finite width. It is shown that the spin polarization near the flanks of the strip, as well as the electric current in the longitudinal direction, exhibit damped oscillations as a function of the width and strength of the Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction. Cubic terms of this interaction are crucial for spin accumulation near the edges. As expected, no effect on the spin accumulation and electric conductance have been found in case of Rashba spin-orbit interaction.     

Zero field spin splitting in asymmetric quantum wells

Spin splitting of asymmetric quantum wells is theoretically investigated in the absence of any electric field, including the contribution of interface-related Rashba spin-orbit interaction as well as linear and cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction. The effect of interface asymmetry on three types of spin-orbit interaction is discussed. The results show that interface-related Rashba and linear Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction can be increased and cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction can be decreased by well structure design. For wide quantum wells, the cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction dominates under certain conditions, resulting in decreased spin relaxation time.     

Effects of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling on Hofstadter's butterfly

We study the effect of Rashba spin-orbit coupling on the Hofstadter spectrum of a two-dimensional tight-binding electron system in a perpendicular magnetic field. We obtain the generalized coupled Harper spin-dependent equations which include the Rashba spin-orbit interaction and solve for the energy spectrum and spin polarization. We investigate the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the fractal energy spectrum and the spin polarization for some characteristic states as a function of the magnetic flux α and the spin-orbit coupling parameter. We characterize the complexity of the fractal geometry of the spin-dependent Hofstadter butterfly with the correlation dimension and show that it grows quadratically with the amplitude of the spin-orbit coupling. We study some ground state properties and the spin polarization shows a fractal-like behavior as a function of α, which is demonstrated with the exponent close to unity of the decaying power spectrum of the spin polarization. Some degree of spin localization or distribution around +1 or -1, for small spin-orbit coupling, is found with the determination of the entropy function as a function of the spin-orbit coupling. The excited states show a more extended (uniform) distribution of spin states.