宽光谱干涉显微术快速提取内指纹

指纹识别是一种广泛应用的生物特征识别技术,但现有指纹身份识别装置由于容易被指纹膜欺骗而存在安全问题,手指表面弄脏、太湿或者磨损也会导致识别失效,存在鲁棒性差的问题。手指内部220～550 μm的皮肤层,具有表面(外部)指纹相同的拓扑特征。这些内部层,充当“主模板”导致外部指纹按照它的形状生长,另外,手指内部的汗腺和微血管结构也和指纹有跟随形状。这些皮下指纹,和对应层面的汗腺等组织结构,具有终生不变性,我们称之为内指纹。内指纹难以仿制,可以用于准确而高度鲁棒的生物身份识别。但是目前报道的用扫频层析术获得内指纹图像,由于对二维正面图像提取需要扫描,并最终从三维指纹结构中重构正面图像,数据量大,提取速度太慢,限制了其实用性。提出一种基于宽光谱干涉显微术的手指皮肤下内部指纹成像系统,以宽光谱弱相干白光激光实现3.5 μm轴向分辨率,采用低数值孔径的光路提高了穿透深度,利用光源空间非相干性和阵列探测器无需扫描一次性获得6.14 mm×6.14 mm的内指纹图像,实现了0.4 s每帧的快速读取,并以三维分层图像展示了手指内部指纹,及其汗腺结构等特征,该工作确认了宽广谱干涉显微术快速提取内指纹用于生物识别的可行性,为高安全度生物识别提供了新方法。     

基于CCD尺寸测量中图像边缘退化及恢复技术研究

针对直边衍射效应造成的图像边缘退化问题,建立边缘退化模型。从菲涅尔直边衍射理论出发,基于信号与系统理论的图像边缘退化数学描述方法,分析了造成图像边缘退化的原因。通过分析不同光源波长和成像物距下直边衍射强度分布曲线的特点,构造简单函数实现衍射光强分布的近似,进而得到退化系统传递函数;利用退化系统传递函数构造滤波器对获取图像的边缘进行恢复,从而提高尺寸测量精度。实验结果表明:经边缘恢复方法校正后的测量结果误差约为0.02 mm,相对未校正数据的测量结果误差减小0.04 mm,提高了尺寸测量精度。     

Real-time display with large field of view on fourier domain optical coherence tomography at 1310 nm wavelength for dermatology

A Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system with 1310 nm light was demonstrated to study inflammatory human skin and the skin coated with a moisturizer in vivo. By using a graphics processing unit (GPU), the display rate could reach 20 frames/s with 1000 A-scans contained in one image. The field of view (FOV) of the cross-sectional image is 7 mm in the lateral direction and the penetration depth is ??1 mm in skin. The result shows that, in inflammatory skin, the epidermis became thicker and had a decreased scattering; furthermore, the region of the severe lesion present an uneven thickness of the epidermis compared with the peripheral area. For the result of a finger tip coated with the moisturizer, the antireflection effect was significant and the stratum corneum became more transparent. In this letter, we demonstrated that real-time display with a large FOV could enable screening of a large tissue area; thereby increasing the dermatologic diagnostic potential of the method by permitting a comparison of the lesion and the normal peripheral region.     

PSF-based restoration with edge adaptive regularization for structured light measurement

Edge information is important for measurement based on structured light. The presented effort puts forward an image restoration method with edge regularization for structured light measurement, which detects the edge of image, then updates the parameters of image degradation model and restores results in iteration. The diffraction limit of optics and nonlinear distortion of sensors are calculated as prior knowledge for semi-blind deconvolution. Blur metric is introduced for constraints of deconvolution iterations. Images before and after restoration are sent to shape recognition and automatic calibration modules for comparison. From experimental results we can conclude that the proposed approach can effectively enhance image quality and edge details, so that greater precision can be achieved.     

Image enlargement with high-frequency component augmentation based on predefined codebook describing edge blurring properties

Image super-resolution as high-quality image enlargement is achieved by some type of restoration for high-frequency components that deteriorate through the image enlargement. The estimation methods using the given image itself are effective for the restoration, and we have proposed a method employing the codebook describing edge blurring properties that are derived from the given image. It is, however, unfavourable to apply those image-dependent methods to movies whose scene varies momentarily. In this paper, an image-independent codebook incorporating local edge patterns of images is proposed, and then the predefined codebook is applied. The effectiveness is shown through some experiments.     

Finger vein recognition algorithm based on optimized GHT

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for recognition of vein features based on optimized generalized Hough transform (GHT). The new algorithm involves several steps. First, it extracts singular points from the binary image of finger veins, and segments the finger veins by these points. Then it selects valid segments and sequences them by way of chain codes. Next it uses the optimized GHT to differentiate sectional curves of finger veins from the whole finger vein image. Using this approach reduces the influence of fragmentation, enhances adaptability for displacement, rotation, and zooming, and accordingly improves the quality of finger vein recognition. We have tested the proposed method with actual finger vein images and produced very satisfactory reassembly results.     

Impact of NIR wavelength lighting in image acquisition on finger vein biometric system effectiveness

Finger vein biometric systems become increasingly more popular because they offer higher security comparing to other authentication solutions with respect to positive persons experience. Those systems operate on near infrared light (NIR) in wavelength range from around 700 to 1000 nm, however dedicated research to determine impact of NIR lighting on biometric system effectiveness has not been conducted and presented in the literature ever before. In this paper the study of correlation between wavelengths in NIR spectra and effectiveness of person identification in a biometric system is presented. To achieve that goal, a new model of image acquisition system allowing change of light wavelengths has been created and NIR finger vein dataset containing 11 556 images was established. Furthermore, this model was used to perform experimental work and proof that some NIR wavelengths better suit for vein patterns acquisition, allowing to increase the recognition effectiveness of finger vein biometric systems.     

部分相干信息处理中的逆源问题

本文首先建立描写部分相干光信息处理系统的数学模型。作为例子,把它应用于光学象的退卷积问题,得到了为获得精确退卷积象的充要条件。建立了线性变换过程中的误差传递公式。这不仅可以用来估计退卷积象的误差,还可以用来预言最优光源分布。并且证明,对于带限信号,用合适的扩展光源,可以使退卷积象的误差尽可能小。 关键词：     

实时图像边缘增强空间光调制器

光学相关识别中首先需要一个把非相干到相干光进行转换的输入图像转换器，然后，再进入输入图像的边缘增强预处理，我们研制的光寻址单晶硅液晶光阀能够同时完成这两项功能。给出图像边缘增强的实验结果。     

斜光轴面内位移测量的数字散斑相关法研究

以工程环境中远距离位移和位移场的光学测量为研究课题,分析了远距离斜光轴成像时,像模糊和成像位置变化对白光数字散斑相关方法产生的影响,给出了这两种影响的误差理论计算公式。提出使用参考测量技术克服斜光轴成像位置变化带来影响,给出一种新的远距离斜光轴高精度测量面内位移的方法,在2～50m处作静载挠度测量,其最大相对误差小于1％,测量精度在实验室环境和工程测量环境中都得到了验证。该方法无需共轴光路的测量环境要求,特别适用于桥梁、高速公路立交桥的静载挠度测量等工程应用。使用高速图像采集卡,该方法可应用于斜光轴动态位移测量,拓展了数字散斑相关方法的应用范围。