用传输矩阵法(TMM)研究二维光子晶体传输特性

将传输矩阵法(TMM)用于光子晶体传输特性的理论研究，采用Mur近似吸收边界和周期边界来截断计算区域，研究了以TM模正入射时，二维方格子光子晶体在完整周期结构下和有缺陷结构下的透过率谱；在微波波段制作了光子晶体模型，并设计了实验装置；实验与数值模拟计算取得了基本一致的结果。     

具有缺陷模的氧化铝光子晶体的光学传感性能

采用在周期性氧化电压信号中插入恒压波形的方法成功制备了具有缺陷模的一维氧化铝光子晶体. 这种晶体的透射光谱研究表明,缺陷的厚度对缺陷模的透过率具有显著影响,当缺陷厚度在180 nm时,光子禁带内部出现透过率为55%、半峰宽约为18 nm的缺陷模. 该缺陷模能够对进入到氧化铝孔道内部的液体物质做出响应,其位置与液体的折射率线性相关.     

基于连续和脉冲激光泵浦的相关光子实验比对

为在相关光子定标技术工程化过程中选择合适的泵浦机制及相位匹配模式,开展了基于连续和脉冲激光的相关光子比对实验.采用355nm连续激光泵浦偏硼酸钡晶体产生相关光子对,对晶体吸收、透射损耗以及光学元件透过率进行测量和修正,同时使用基于时间幅度转换的符合测量方法,得到单光子探测器量子效率为59.15%.利用518nm脉冲激光泵浦周期极化磷酸钛氧钾晶体,采用准相位匹配技术获取相同波段的相关光子,基于时间幅度转换的符合测量方法得到单光子探测器量子效率为59%.比对实验结果,两套定标装置方法的测量结果之差在0.25%以内,主要误差来源于单光子探测器的响应非线性、光路透过率修正误差和单光子探测量子效率面非均匀性.实验结果验证了相关光子定标技术可随时随地复现的优点,以及相关光子定标结果不受泵浦机制差异和实验装置差异的影响,可为相关光子技术工程化中的激光器工作模式和相位匹配方式的选择提供参考依据.     

高质量三维光子晶体的制备及其透射谱研究

设计了简易的压强可控自组装实验装置,制备了由直径为260 nm的聚苯乙烯(PS)胶体球组成的面心立方光子晶体.分析了压强的变化对光子禁带(PBG)深度及光子带隙边缘(PBE)坡度的影响,确定了合适的压强生长环境(P=5999.5 Pa).利用该实验装置,还进行了光子晶体的小批量制备,一次性制得了三块光子晶体,并从不同角度对每一块光子晶体的透射谱及不同光子晶体的透射谱进行了测量.同一光子晶体不同位置透射谱的重合、同一批次制备的不同光子晶体透射谱的一致性及光子禁带两侧的Fabry-Pérot振荡等均说明:该装置制备的光子晶体在大区域、大面积上是高度有序、均一和平整的;利用该实验装置进行光子晶体的小批量制备是可行的.     

缺陷态复周期光子晶体的特性研究

利用传输矩阵法计算复周期结构的光子晶体的色散关系和滤波特性 ,并重点研究了含有缺陷的类似于谐振腔结构的光子晶体滤波特性.由于这种缺陷态复周期结构的可调参数多,人们很容易得到在红外波段1550 nm附近窄带滤波窗口,透过率可达到近90%,而窗口以外的透过率在0.02%以下.当改变中间夹层厚度、周期数及缺陷层数时,窄带滤波窗口的位置和带宽发生改变.因此,它在高速,长距离光通信中将有很好的应用.     

光子晶体光纤重叠光栅理论模型与光谱特性研究

本文对光子晶体光纤重叠光栅的传输光谱及特性进行了研究.在理论上,提出了基于V-I传输矩阵法的光子晶体光纤重叠光栅分析模型,仿真研究了布拉格叠栅和啁啾叠栅的反射谱和时延特性.在实验上,利用193 nm紫外激光在光敏单模光子晶体光纤中实验制备了定制波长间隔的四重布拉格重叠光栅和波长间隔0.82 nm的啁啾重叠光栅.研究结果显示布拉格光栅的重叠光栅可通过各子光栅写制参数实现光谱灵活定制;基于啁啾光栅的重叠光栅具有周期性宽带滤波特性,谐振周期可由光栅周期偏移调整,且具有平坦的幅度响应和呈良好线性的群时延.实验所得光栅光谱与理论分析很好地符合.研究结果为光子晶体光纤重叠光栅的设计、制备及应用提供了重要的参考依据.     

一维向列相液晶光子晶体的研究

从理论和实验相结合的角度,研究了一维液晶光子晶体透射谱特性.实验给出了不同液晶缺陷层电压下的透射谱,电压范围在0～10 V内,透射峰的相对透过率变化为48%～18%,禁带宽度290 nm调谐范围88 nm,透射峰半峰全宽7 nm.理论计算和实验结果比较接近,这些特性可以使一维液晶光子晶体用于调谐光滤波器和光开关.     

大直径聚苯乙烯小球自组织方法制备高质量opal晶体

通过改进样品池的结构和其他实验条件，用气压法制备了大直径聚苯乙烯小球（直径为1 μm和700 nm）的人造蛋白石（opal）样品，并测量了其能带特性.对于制备能带位置在红外波段的三维光子晶体，这一实验结果将有很广阔的用途. 关键词： 光子晶体 光子带隙 人造蛋白石（opal）     

超窄带和梳状多通道光子晶体滤波器设计

 设计了一种因掺杂而具有超窄带滤波特性的光子晶体滤波器和一种复周期结构的梳状多通道光子晶体滤波器。在两种均匀介质交替分布的周期结构中间插入一层折射率不同的介质膜后，通过传输矩阵法的数值计算，发现采用前后不对称的周期结构并调节参数，可以在1 550 nm处找到一个透射率接近100%的极窄的透过峰，因而可得到一种超窄带光子晶体滤波器。另外，在以高低两种折射率的介质交替分布，并以两种单独的单元周期合并组成一个复周期，然后进行周期重复构成的光子晶体中，利用通道数等于复周期数减1的规律，并配合各层厚度的调节，设计出在1 550 nm附近梳状8通道和16通道的光子晶体滤波器，各通道透过峰的透射率均接近100%，由此设计出一种梳状多通道光子晶体滤波器。     

二维平板光子晶体直波导的制备和光传输特性的测量

利用聚焦离子束刻蚀的方法在SOI(silicon on insulator)基片上制备了W3型二维光子晶体直波导.观察并测量了近红外激光通过光子晶体波导的散射图形和透过谱.实验结果说明，激光在有引入引出脊形波导的光子晶体直波导中具有很好的传输特性. 关键词： 光子晶体波导 光子带隙 脊型波导     

Frequency Response of Near-Wall Coherent Structures to Localized Periodic Blowing and Suction in Turbulent Boundary Layer

We experimentally investigate the frequency response of near-wall coherent structures to localized periodic blow- ing and suction through a spanwise slot in a turbulent boundary layer by changing the frequency of periodic disturbance at similar velocities of free stream. The effects of blowing and suction disturbance on energy redistri- bution, turbulent intensity U^＋ rums over y^＋ and waveforms of phase-averaged velocity during sweeping process are respectively discussed under three frequencies of periodic blowing and suction in near-wall region of turbulent boundary layer, compared with those in a standard turbulent boundary layer. The most effective disturbance frequency is figured out in this system.     

Second harmonic generation from closed packed hexagonal structure of nano-nickel arrays

A closed packed hexagonal structure of nickel nanoparticles was fabricated by deposition of thin nickel films on self-assembled polystyrene micron spheres, which were made of nanospherical lithography in conjunction with left-off the micro spheres. The optical second harmonic generation from these periodically arrayed nickel nanoparticles reveals intensity with a value much larger than that generated from a uniform nickel-film of the same thickness. Quasi phase matching contributed from Bragg wave vectors of the periodic arrayed nickel nanoparticles can satisfactorily express this enhancement.     

Effect of chromium interlayer deposition on periodic silver nanoparticle array structure fabricated by nanosphere lithography

Effect of chromium interlayer deposition on 2-dimensional, periodic silver nanoparticle array structure was systematically investigated. The silver nanoparticle array was fabricated by nanosphere lithography with assembled polystyrene nanospheres being as a deposition mask. The chromium interlayer was deposited by thermal evaporation either on the nanosphere mask or directly on the silicon substrate. The structures of the achieved silver nanoparticle arrays were characterized by scanning electron microscope and were compared with that of silver nanoparticle array without the interlayer. With analysis of the anomalies among the structures the critical role of the interlayer in the periodic nanoparticle array fabrication was revealed.     

Magnetic field modulation of photonic bandgap on FeCo/NiO half-shell array

FeCo/NiO half-shell arrays were fabricated based on the periodic monolayer polystyrene spheres. The two-dimensional magnetic periodic arrays form well-defined photonic crystals with pronounced stop bands. Quite interestingly, it is found that the stop bands can be tuned by an external magnetic field. The underlying mechanism is attributed to the controllable dielectric constant of the magnetic FeCo film under an applied magnetic field. The results shown here may open up an avenue for magnetically tunable photonic crystal stop bands, which may be useful for the creation of new magneto-optical devices.     

Femtosecond pulsed laser-induced periodic surface structures on GaN/sapphire

Femtosecond pulsed laser-induced periodic surface structure on GaN/sapphire is reported in this paper. It was found that the period of the laser-induced ripples was much dependent on the incident laser fluence. Through finely adjusting laser fluence and pulse number, uniform ripples could be formed on the sapphire surface. We attributed the formation of such periodic two-dimensional structures to optical interference of the incident laser light with scattered waves from a surface disturbance. Also, it was found that the GaN capping layer played a very important role in forming the periodic structures on the sapphire surface.     

Fibrillar crystals of isotactic polystyrene. I. Morphological aspects

Fibrillar crystals have been prepared by the crystallization of isotactic polystyrene from stirred solutions in 1,3,5-trimethylben-zene and cyclohexanol. Similar microfibrils have been prepared in the nascent state by the polymerization of styrene in 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene with a heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The microfibrils varied in width between 140 and 250 Å and were characterized by periodic lamellar overgrowths which were believed to give rise to a discrete X-ray reflection having a d-spacing of 90 A. Thermal analysis suggested that high growth temperatures favored greater crystal perfection. During crystallization from stirred cyclohexanol solutions, a fractionation of high molecular weight chains occurred which was more efficient at higher crystallization temperatures. In comparison to crystallizations under quiescent conditions, a marked facility of the crystallization process was observed in the formation of stirrer-crystallized and Ziegler-Natta polystyrene. The ease of crystallization of the shear-regenerated and nascent microfibrils has been related to a reduction in the free energy of nucleation. Mechanisms have been proposed to account for a favored nucleation process.     

高精度有限差分法模拟Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性

 WENO有限差分格式有较高的分辨精度,适合复杂流场的计算,在国际上被广泛采用。本文利用WENO有限差分格式求解2维守恒型欧拉方程,实现了对无粘流体中Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性的数值模拟。速度剪切方向采用周期边界条件;扰动增长方向采用嵌边出流边界条件,一个不稳定波长分布64个网格。数值模拟给出的扰动幅值线性增长率与线性稳定性分析给出的结果很好符合,显示了该格式的有效性和精度。数值模拟给出了清晰的密度等值线,表明该方法还具有较好的界面变形捕捉能力。     

蝎虎天体OJ287中等时标光变的周期特性研究

收集了蝎虎天体OJ287光学B, V, R, I波段37年的观测数据, 获得了从1972年至2009年的光变曲线. 运用Lomb-Scargle傅里叶变换方法分析中等时标光变的周期性特性, 发现存在52.0±1.1 d与255±23 d的主要周期成分,并模拟了存在倍周期分岔的准周期信号, 与不同时段观测数据的相图和关联维数进行对比. 结果表明, OJ287具有多周期尺度特征, 不同时段准周期光变中谐波成分不同, 谐波成分的变化与次黑洞对主黑洞吸积流的扰动有关, 光变中的谐波成分可能是主黑洞吸积流受强扰动时分岔形成的.     

基于磁悬浮作动器的自适应有源振动控制研究

针对周期扰动提出一种基于磁悬浮作动器的非线性前馈自适应有源振动控制算法。算法中将磁悬浮作动器视为具有时变非线性的单输入输出系统,并使用径向基函数神经网络进行控制,分别采用聚类算法和随机梯度算法对其隐层中心点和输出层权值进行自适应调整。该算法摆脱了传统磁悬浮控制对模型的依赖,在正常工作条件下不需对作动器建模。仿真和实验结果表明:在单自由度主动隔振系统中,非线性自适应算法可以显著降低周期振动的能量,同时能对磁悬浮作动器的时变非线性进行有效的补偿。      

Time-varying coupling-induced logical stochastic resonance in a periodically driven coupled bistable system

Coupling-induced logical stochastic resonance(LSR) can be observed in a noise-driven coupled bistable system where the behaviors of system can be interpreted consistently as a specific logic gate in an appropriate noise level. Here constant coupling is extended to time-varying coupling, and then we investigate the effect of time-varying coupling on LSR in a periodically driven coupled bistable system. When coupling intensity oscillates periodically with the same frequency with periodic force or relatively high frequency, the system successfully yields the desired logic output. When coupling intensity oscillates irregularly with phase disturbance, large phase disturbance reduces the area of optimal parameter region of coupling intensity and response speed of logic devices. Although the system behaves as a desired logic gate when the frequency of time-periodic coupling intensity is precisely equal to that of periodic force, the desired logic gate is not robust against tiny frequency difference and phase disturbance. Therefore, periodic coupling intensity with high frequency ratio is an optimal option to obtain a reliable and robust logic operation.