一种在二步相移数字全息中实现准确相移的方法

相移数字全息中的相移准确性决定了重建结果的质量,本文提出了在二步相移数字全息中实现准确相移的方法.该方法使用数字电压源开环控制普通的压电陶瓷微位移器,通过连续以微小的间隔来改变施加在压电陶瓷微位移器上的电压,可以获得一系列对应于不同相移角的全息图像,进而可以利用这些全息图像重建出来物光波在全息面上的强度分布.实验中采用已被CCD直接记录的物光波在全息面上的强度分布作为标准来评价前面重建结果的质量,计算了这些重建结果和评价标准之间的相关系数,结果表明相关系数达到最大时对应的全息图具有准确的相移角π/2.实验中比较了使用所确定准确相移角和理论相移角分别重建出来物光波的质量,计算机模拟和实验的结果证实了该方法的有效性.     

基于随机相位调制的数字全息相移量提取方法

提出了一种在相移数字全息中提取相移角的方法.该方法通过在相移数字全息中引入随机相位板对物光波的相位进行调制,使得物光波在全息面上的相位分布成为近似理想的随机分布,进而根据这种随机分布的统计性质对相移角进行提取.计算机模拟结果表明,该方法提取出的相移角与设定的相移角之间的相对误差小于千分之一.同时,经过对比采用随机相位板和不采用随机相位板的计算结果发现,物体衍射光波在全息面上的相位分布具有一定的相关性.     

两步相移数字全息物光重建误差分析与校正

系统研究了两步相移数字全息干涉术中相移误差引起的波前再现误差的计算和校正方法. 基于衍射物光相位分布的随机性和振幅相位的相互独立性原理,介绍了相移数字全息中物光波前再现误差的表达形式,推导出步长为π/2的两步算法中物光重建误差的表达式. 通过进一步分析这一重建误差的结构和特点,结合物光表达式,给出了自动校正相移误差引起的波前重建误差的校正方法. 该方法无需增加测量,在未知相移误差大小的情况下,只对标准两步相移算法恢复的物光复振幅进行处理就可以实现对物光振幅和相位的同时校正. 计算机模拟结果表明,校正后可将 关键词： 相移干涉术 数字全息 物光重建 误差校正     

相移同轴无透镜傅里叶数字全息的分析与实验

应用菲涅耳衍射和全息理论，详细分析了无透镜傅里叶变换数字全息图的记录、再现方法和再现像的特点，分析了相移数字全息图的记录和再现方法，并进行了相应的实验验证。结果表明：直接对无透镜傅里叶数字全息图进行傅里叶逆变换可同时得到与物体完全相同的再现像及其共轭像；同轴无透镜傅里叶数字全息术能最大程度满足CCD对采样条件的要求，从而可以增大记录物体的尺寸，减小记录距离，明显提高再现像的清晰度和分辨率；相移数字全息术能有效地消除数字再现光场中的零级光场和共轭像，显著提高再现像的信噪比。条件许可时，相移同轴无透镜傅里叶数字全息术是目前解决数字全息术中再现像的分离与满足采样条件之间矛盾的最佳方法。     

提高数字全息再现像像质的两步相移迭代算法

在两步相移数字全息术中,相移误差直接影响着零级像和共轭像的消除.为了消除相移误差,获得实际相移值,提出了一种基于相位统计特性的两步相移迭代算法.首先利用全息图的相位统计特性计算出初始相移值,然后用数字全息图再现像抽样点强度偏差之和作为评价标准,通过迭代计算寻找参考光的真正相移值.该算法能对任意未知相移量进行提取,从而有效地消除零级像和共轭像,提高了再现像质量.理论分析和光学实验结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

相移相位测量的全息再现算法及测量误差分析

用全息原理和方法研究相移相位测量,得到了N步整周期相移再现物光波复振幅同步叠加函数(N步相移函数),同时提出一种新的相移相位测量误差分析和最大误差估计方法。N步相移干涉图是以理想平行光为参考光的无衍射同轴全息图,将其与对应的相移参考光相乘后求和得到N步相移函数;在理想情况下,这是一种复振幅分离、测量和物光波复振幅函数同步叠加方法,存在误差时计算出的相位是最小二乘方法的最佳期望结果。利用N步相移函数得到的N 1步相移函数,说明非理想N步相移函数是理想N步相移函数与误差函数之和,可以把相位型误差转化为与振幅和强度相对误差同等的误差来对待,降低了相位测量中误差估计的难度,给出了N步相移算法最大误差的估计方法和公式。     

一种在二步相移数字全息中实现准确相移的方法

相移数字全息中的相移准确性决定了重建结果的质量,本文提出了在二步相移数字全息中.实现准确相移的方法.该方法使用数字电压源开环控制普通的压电陶瓷微位移器,通过连续以微小的间隔来改变施加在压电陶瓷微位移器上的电压,可以获得一系列对应于不同相移角的全息图像,进而可以利用这些全息图像重建出来物光波在全息面上的强度分布.实验中采...     

四步相移数字全息中随机误差的抑制方法

 提出一种在四步相移数字全息中消除随机相移误差及CCD噪声的方法。通过多次重复四步相移数字全息的实验过程,使得每一步的相移都有多幅全息图像与之对应,把每一步对应的多幅全息图像进行数学平均就会得到4幅全息均值图像。理论分析表明,使用这4幅全息均值图像进行数字全息的重建,可以得到精确的物光波的分布,有效地消除随机相移误差及CCD噪声的影响。计算机模拟结果表明：该方法有助于提高数字全息重建光场质量。     

基于两步正交相移干涉的振幅图像光学加密技术

提出一种基于两步正交相移干涉的光学图像加密技术.这种相移干涉数字全息只要记录两幅干涉图,不需要记录物光波和参考光波的强度信息,就可以再现没有零级像和共轭像的再现像.物光波对应的光路经过两次菲涅尔变换,并结合双随机相位编码.参考光分别引入0和π/2相位,用数字化记录介质记录两幅数字全息图作为加密图像.解密时只要获得正确的密钥,经过简单的计算就可以重建清晰的原始图像.模拟实验验证了它的可行性和有效性,分析了抗裁剪和噪音的鲁棒性.     

一种实现单步相移无透镜傅里叶同轴数字全息的倒频谱技术

在数字全息技术中无透镜傅里叶同轴数字全息具有高分辨,再现速度快等优点,因此有着广泛的应用前景,但它也存在再现像与直透光场及其共轭像重叠,较难分离的缺点。针对这一问题,在分析了无透镜傅里叶同轴数字全息图记录和再现原理的基础上,提出了单步相移倒频谱技术,并在理论上分析了该技术对分离出清晰再现像的可能性和该技术适用的关键条件。通过仿真实验进行了验证,结果表明:单步相移倒频谱技术能够较好地解决无透镜傅里叶同轴数字全息技术中再现像与直透光场及其共轭像重合这一困难,得到清晰的再现像;同时给出了实际实验中单步相移倒频谱技术能够适用的条件参数,这为后面的进一步实验提供了参考依据。     

Phase-shifting error and its elimination in phase-shifting digital holography

We investigate the influence of phase-shifting error on the quality of the reconstructed image in digital holography and propose a method of error elimination for a perfect image. In this method the summation of the intensity bit errors of the reconstructed image is taken as an evaluation function for an iterative algorithm to find the exact phase-shifting value. The feasibility of this method is demonstrated by computer simulation.     

Spatially incoherent Fourier digital holography by four-step phase-shifting rotational shearing interferometer and its image quality

Spatially incoherent Fourier digital holography using a rotational shearing interferometer for four-step phase-shifting method is proposed. The previous incoherent Fourier holography using a rotational shearing interferometer [Watanabe and Nomura (Appl. Opt. 54:A18, 2015)] employs the two-step phase-shifting method in the vertical and horizontal polarizations. The reconstructed image contains a large bias term. This paper proposes introduction of two kinds of wave plates in one path of a rotational shearing interferometer for a four-step phase-shifting method. A Fourier hologram is obtained from the four recorded holograms for eliminating the bias term and the twin image. The numerical simulation and the optical experiment demonstrate improvement of the image quality of reconstructed image by the twin image and bias level reduction. Furthermore, the effect of the size of an image sensor on the image quality in rotational shearing interferometer is also investigated by the numerical simulations.     

Phase-shifting in-line digital holography on a digital micro-mirror device

A digital phase-shifting in-line holographic system based on the single coherence beam is developed. A series of phase-shifting fringes are generated by computer and outputted by a digital micro-mirror device (DMD). These fringes modulate the coherence beam because of the intensity modulation ability of DMD. In this work, the reconstructed conjugate image would not appear because of applying the phase-shifting algorithm. And calibration for the value of the optical phase shift is not necessary. An experiment based on a lens-less digital in-line micro-holographic setup with a phase grating specimen is conducted to demonstrate the validity of the present method.     

Phase-shifting digital holography with burst imaging method

The application of a burst imaging method to digital holography (DH) with multiple image capturing is firstly demonstrated. Nobody has discussed this approach explicitly, although the burst imaging method is not so uncommon. The burst imaging method intermittently captures several images with a high repetition rate followed by a relatively long rest time. If the light wave from an object has a much smaller complex amplitude change in the frame interval of an image sensor than the precision of the DH system, the wave can be regarded as being in a static state. As a result, this solves a fatal problem in DH for an object that moves or deforms while capturing multiple interference images. In this research, the burst imaging method was applied to phase-shifting DH, and it is simply implemented by a high-speed image sensor and a continuous phase shifting which is good for high-speed phase shifting. The measurement error was analytically solved for the movement speed of an object. Finally, the proposed method was experimentally used to observe an evaporating droplet of ethanol on a glass substrate.

     

用矩阵条件数求解相移最佳采样方式

应用相移干涉术测量物体相位时,相移量与相移帧数存在着最佳取值问题,即最佳采样方式,它决定着系统抗扰动和降低误差的能力.用系数矩阵的条件数衡量相位测量误差矩阵与强度探测误差矩阵方程的性态,即光强方程组对扰动的敏感程度,经数学推导及论证,得出结论:当系数矩阵为正交矩阵时,相位计算的误差最小,或者说在等间距满周期采样情况下,具有最强的抗噪音能力.在推导出最佳采样方式后,对系数矩阵的条件数与采样方式之间的关系进行了计算机模拟,并给出了模拟曲线.     

优化的两步相移算法在图像加密中的应用研究

优化了此前提出的两步相移算法,仅通过两幅去除背景光强(或抑制直流分量)后的干涉图数据和一个(0,π)区间的相移值,就可以成功再现出原始物波场信息,无需借助于物光光强、参考光光强等其他辅助测量信息.与菲涅耳域的双随机相位编码技术结合,该优化算法可以应用于图像加密方案中,通过计算机仿真实验验证了所提方案的可行性,并对几何密钥的灵敏度进行了测试分析.     

Study on the simplified phase-shifting digital holographic microscopy

In this paper, a new simplified technique for effectively eliminating the zero order and the conjugate virtual image in digital holographic microcopy, which makes use of two-step phase-shifting method of just recording two holograms and an intensity image of object wave, is proposed. Meanwhile, combined with the principle of making full use of spatial bandwidth of the CCD sensor by in-line lens-less Fourier holographic recording geometry, the theory and experimental methods to increase the resolution of the reconstructed image in digital holography by using phase-shifting technique are detailedly analyzed. At end, the validity and availability of this technique has been demonstrated through the off-axis and in-line Fourier transform recording geometry. The study provides some theoretical and experimental guidance for the design and operation of a digital holographic microscopy system.