Experiment study of wavelength conversion in a dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber

Wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing(FWM)has been demonstrated using a 40-m dispersion flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber(HNL-PCF).A conversion efficiency of-26 dB for a pump power of 19.5 dBm and a conversion bandwidth of 28 nm have been obtained,which are limited by the continuous wave(CW)laser wavelength range and tunability of optical band pass filters(OBPFs).     

Solar cell performance improvement via photoluminescence conversion of Si nanoparticles

Photoluminescence (PL) conversion of Si nanoparticles by absorbing ultraviolet (UV) lights and emitting visible ones has been used to improve the efficiency of crystalline Si solar cells. Si nanoparticle thin films are prepared by pulverizing porous Si in ethanol and then mixing the suspension with a SiO2 sol-gel (SOG).This SOG is spin-deposited onto the surface of the Si solar cells and dries in air. The short-circuit current as a function of Si nanoparticle concentration is investigated under UV illumination. The maximal increase is found at a Si concentration of 0.1 mg/mL. At such concentration and under the irradiation of an AM0 solar simulator, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the crystalline Si solar cell is relatively increased by 2.16% because of the PL conversion.     

All-optical format conversion of NRZ-OOK to QPSK and 16QAM signals via XPM in a SOA-MZI

This letter proposes a scheme for the format conversion of on-off keying (OOK) signal to quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) and 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) signals via cross-phase modulation (XPM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Theoretical and experimental analyses of the format conversion scheme are conducted to validate its feasibility. The phase changing is obtained because of the XPM in the SOA. The QPSK and 16QAM signals are converted from the OOK signal. The performance of the 10 Gb/s format conversion system is evaluated and discussed. The receiver sensitivities of the converted QPSK and 16QAM signals after detection are -27.25 and -23.5 dBm, respectively, at a bit error rate (BER) of 109 .     

Influence of the KTP crystal boundary temperature on conversion efficiency in high power green laser

The influence of the KTiOPO4 (KTP) crystal boundary temperature on conversion efficiency in high power green laser has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Temperature distribution inside the KTP crystal has been analyzed by solving the thermal conductivity equation. From the temperature distribution inside the KTP crystal, we have calculated the optimal phase-matching angles of the type-Ⅱ KTP crystal as a function of temperature. The second-harmonic conversion efficiency as a function of temperature has also been calculated. In the experiment, two KTP crystals with different phase-matching angles were used in the intrcavity-frequency-doubled resonator. When the boundary temperature of KTP-A (φ=23.6°, θ = 90° under the condition of 27 ℃ temperature) was setting at 4 ℃, a maximum green light power of 104 W was generated at repetition rate of 20.7 kHz and pulse width of 132 nm with pumping current of laser diode of 18.3 A, leading to 10.2% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency. When KTP     

High-Average-Power Third Harmonic Generation at 355 nm with CsB3O5 Crystal

A 17.7W average power output at 355nm by the third harmonic generation (THG) of 1064nm light has been obtained with the nonlinear optical crystal CsB305 (CBO). The fundamental light source is a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 70ns and a repetition rate of 7kHz. A CBO crystal cut for type-Ⅱ PM angles is used in the experiment. The THG energy conversion efficiency with CBO is twice as large as that with LBO. As a THG crystal, CBO has better performance than that of LiB305 crystal (LBO).     

Influence of the KTP crystal boundary temperature on conversion efficiency in high power green laser

The influence of the KTiOPO4 (KTP) crystal boundary temperature on conversion efficiency in high power green laser has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Temperature distribution inside the KTP crystal has been analyzed by solving the thermal conductivity equation. From the temperature distribution inside the KTP crystal, we have calculated the optimal phase-matching angles of the type-Ⅱ KTP crystal as a function of temperature. The second-harmonic conversion efficiency as a function of temperature has also been calculated. In the experiment, two KTP crystals with different phase-matching angles were used in the intrcavity-frequency-doubled resonator. When the boundary temperature of KTP-A (φ = 23.6°,θ = 90° under the condition of 27 ℃ temperature) was setting at 4 ℃, a maximum green light power of 104 W was generated at repetition rate of 20.7 kHz and pulse width of 132 nm with pumping current of laser diode of 18.3 A, leading to 10.2% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency. When KTP-B crystal (φ = 24.68°, θ = 90° under the condition of 80 ℃ temperature) was employed, an average output power of 110 W at 532 nm has been achieved with values of 11.5% and 2% for the optical-to-optical efficiency and the instability, respectively. The optimal boundary temperature of this KTP crystal has been found to be 48.8 ℃.     

Enhancement of corona discharge induced wind generation with carbon nanotube and titanium dioxide decoration

Dip-coated double-wall carbon nanotubes(DWCNTs) and titanium dioxide(TiO_2) sol have been prepared and smeared onto the tip of a conductive iron needle which serves as the corona discharge anode in a needle–cylinder corona system.Compared with the discharge electrode of a CNT-coated needle tip, great advancements have been achieved with the TiO_2/CNT-coated electrode, including higher discharge current, ionic wind velocity, and energy conversion efficiency,together with lower corona onset voltage and power consumption.Several parameters related to the discharge have been phenomenologically and mathematically studied for comparison.Thanks to the morphology reorientation of the CNT layer and the anti-oxidation of TiO_2, better performance of corona discharge induced wind generation of the TiO_2/CNT-coated electrode system has been achieved.This novel decoration may provide better thoughts about the corona discharge application and wind generation.     

Three-wavelength generation from cascaded wavelength conversion in monolithic periodically poled lithium niobate

Tunable coherent emission is generated in a single-pass,cascaded wavelength conversion process from mode-locked laser-pumped monolithic periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN).Three ranges of wavelength,including visible output from 628 nm to 639 nm,near-infrared output from 797 nm to 816 nm,and mid-infrared output from 3167 nm to 3459 nm,were obtained from the monolithic PPLN,which consists of a 10-mm section for 532-nm-pumped optical parametric generation(OPG)and a 7-mm section for 1064-nm-pumped sum frequency generation(SFG).A pump-to-signal conversion efficiency of 23.4%for OPG at 50°C and a quantum efficiency of 26.2%for SFG at 200°C were obtained.     

Widely tunable all-optical wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing using two orthogonally polarized pumps

The principle of broad-band orthogonal-pump (BOP) four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers is analyzed in theory. The conversion efficiency reduces rapidly as the detuning of wavelength between the signal and pump increase which can be solved by introducing a BOP method. The constant conversion efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio are obtained over a large wavelength detuning range. The wavelength conversion efficiency with variation smaller than 3.88 dB over 52-nm range has been experimentally demonstrated by using BOP, with the 10-GHz output of distributed feedback/electro-absorption modulator as signal. Conventional single-pump scheme is also performed for comparison and the experimental results fit well with the theory.     

Diode-pumped Nd:Y_xGd_(1-x)VO_4 crystal continuous-wave laser

The diode-pumped Nd:YxGd1-xVO4 crystal continuous wave (CW) laser operating at 1.06 μm with a simple plane-concave cavity and a "V-shaped" folded cavity for intracavity frequency-doubling have been studied. With the incident pump power of 8 W, an output power (1.06μm) of 3.4 W was achieved, giving an optical conversion efficiency of 42.5%. 884 mW of stable green radiation was generated with the incident pump power of 5.9 W, giving an optical conversion efficiency of 15%.