Z箍缩动态黑腔负载装配用胶粘剂

由于Z箍缩动态黑腔负载中的低密度聚合物泡沫柱具有多孔结构和极低的力学强度,在装配过程中对胶粘剂有一定的特殊要求。实验以聚氨酯丙烯酸酯为主体树脂,丙烯酸异冰片酯为活性单体,配以光引发剂和偶联剂制得了适用于低密度泡沫粘接用的紫外光固化胶粘剂。测试表明,所研制的胶粘剂的体积收缩率仅为2.25%,且具有较高的固化速率和适当的粘接强度,能够满足稳固、快速装配的要求。通过对粘接界面的观测发现,胶粘剂在诊断孔内没有明显的扩散,且在低密度致密结构泡沫中的扩散厚度较小,均匀性好。     

新型环氧光学胶及各组分在降低弹性模量中的作用

<正> 在光学仪器的制造过程中经常会用到光学胶粘剂。对光学胶粘剂的主要要求是:无色透明;在可见光区没有吸收或散射;折射率尽可能与被粘接物接近;有足够的粘接强度;胶层的内应力小,固化后不产生光圈变形、脱胶或被粘物碎裂;耐老化性能好;使用方便等。环氧光学胶就能较好地满足上述要求。新近发展起来的紫外光固化型光学胶粘剂能使胶接工艺得到大大改善,它具有许多独特的优点,已开始得到各方面的重视。现在使用的各种光学胶粘剂在进行大面积     

紫外光固化丙烯酸酯/二氧化硅杂化光学增透膜的研制

 采用旋转镀膜工艺和紫外光固化技术在石英基片上制备出了快速固化的丙烯酸酯/二氧化硅有机/无机杂化单层宽带光学增透膜，考察了丙烯酸酯与正硅酸乙酯的物质的量之比对薄膜增透性能等的影响。实验结果表明，该比值为2.0时，增透膜的最大透射率为99.0%，采用旋转镀膜工艺制备的有机/无机杂化单层增透膜在425～1060nm的较宽波段范围内透射率均达98%以上。     

复合结构界面粘接强度的声-超声评价研究

基于Ritec-SNAP测量系统建立了声-超声技术实验系统,分析了在声-超声技术评价过程中用声信号的幅频特性及应力波因子表征复合结构界面粘接强度的可行性。用粘接层的固化过程模拟复合粘接板粘接强度的变化过程,以粘接层的固化时间作为粘接强度的间接表征参量,借助于已建立的实验系统对复合结构粘接强度的评价问题进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,应力波因子与反映界面粘接强度的粘接层固化时间呈单调对应关系,且不同固化时期的应力波因子存在明显的不同特性,表明用应力波因子评价复合结构的界面粘接强度具有可行性。     

惯性约束聚变实验用玻璃微球堵口特种胶研究

 通过对不同固化和热处理过程后的胶粘剂的剪切强度、表面形貌特征、热性能的研究，分析了增韧剂和偶联剂对环氧有机硅胶粘剂性能的影响。研究表明：随着增韧剂含量的增加，胶粘剂热分解温度下降；增韧剂质量分数为25%时，有机硅与环氧树脂相容性较好，制备的胶粘剂综合性能较好；硅烷偶联剂能改善胶层与金属界面的胶接强度，提高环氧有机硅胶粘剂的拉伸剪切强度。显微组织观察分析表明，环氧有机硅胶粘剂中环氧树脂分子链与有机硅高分子链处于一定微相分离状态。     

胶粘剂对石英音叉剪切力控距的影响

粘接音叉和光纤探针的胶粘剂对由石英音叉和光纤探针构成剪切力控距体系的品质因数有明显的影响。通过对比不同胶粘剂的物理特性 ,选择了适合于粘接音叉和光纤探针的胶粘剂。研究发现 ,室温快速固化环氧树脂胶粘剂HY 91 4 ,GHJ光学用环氧型胶粘剂 (Opticalepoxy)和 50 2胶能满足实验要求。理论分析指出 ,对于同样的音叉和光纤探针来说 ,胶粘剂的密度和用量是影响音叉 探针体系品质因数的主要因素     

耐高低温黏结剂材料的制备

在ICF研究中，根据物理实验目的不同，需在靶丸充入高原子序数（刁的诊断气体，由于高Z气体扩散系数很低，通过扩散的方法难以制备满足物理实验要求的充气压力，因此这两种靶球一般采取打孔充气的方法充入高Z气体。充气结束后，需要封口以维持球腔内的气体压力。考虑到靶球的充气、保存、使用环境，需要一种能够在常温快速固化、耐有机溶剂、耐高低温的密封黏结剂。本年度采用酸酯化法合成了可紫外光（UV）固化的环氧丙烯酸酯树脂（ERA-1）、改性丙烯酸酯树脂的合成（PA）、环氧丙烯酸酯／二氧化硅（SiO2）杂化树脂（ERA—H2）及改性丙烯酸酯／SiO2杂化树脂（FIA—H），并研究了催化剂对环氧丙烯酸酯合成的影响。以这4种树脂为基础，制备了不同无机含量的UV固化杂化黏结剂，研究了黏结剂在不同温度、组分时的高低温性能。     

钛合金和碳纤维的粘接技术

简述了某空间遥感相机中碳纤维桁架杆与钛合金接头的粘接工艺,通过对粘接剂的选择、粘接表面处理、胶层厚度等粘接强度影响的分析和破坏性力学试验表明,J133胶粘剂适用于钛合金和碳纤维材料的粘接;适当提高粘接表面的粗糙度、用化学法对粘接表面进行处理均可提高粘接强度;对该例的套接形式胶层厚度控制在0.15mm—0.2mm可保证得到好的力学性能和粘接质量。     

负载型聚酰亚胺/SnO2杂化膜的结构和性能

通过溶胶凝胶法， 以硅藻土-莫来石陶瓷膜管为支撑体，TiO2为过渡层， 利用具有大量支链的聚酰亚胺和SnO2溶胶制备了系列不同SnO2含量的负载型聚酰亚胺/SnO2杂化膜．采用TEM、FTIR、XPS、TG/DTA、DSC、BET和气体渗透测定对系列膜的微观型态、化学结构、热稳定性、孔结构和气体渗透性能进行了表征和测试． 结果表明，SnO2相与聚酰亚胺支链羧酸基发生化学键连； 杂化膜具有较好的有机无机兼容性， 当SnO2达到15%时，SnO2相在杂化膜中以颗粒状存在， 其粒径约为5 nm；SnO2相与聚酰亚胺间的化学键连有效的提高了杂化膜的玻璃化温度； 随着SnO2含量的增加， 杂化膜的热分解温度逐渐下降； 系列膜具有均匀的孔道结构， 其孔径分别为3.8、3.1、2.8和2.4 nm． 相对于聚酰亚胺膜， 杂化膜对H2、CO2、CO和H2O具有较高的分离性，SnO2为15%的杂化膜对H2/N2、CO2/N2、CO/N2和H2O/N2的分离因子分别达到54.1、30.2、35.9和40.1．     

紫外光固化阳离子复合胶粘剂的制备与表征

 以三芳基六氟磷酸硫鎓盐为引发剂,钛酸四异丙酯(TIP)为无机前驱体,3,4-环氧环己基甲基3,4-环氧环己基甲酸酯为单体,制备了含TiO2纳米结构的紫外光固化阳离子复合胶粘剂。通过原子力显微镜对复合胶粘剂形貌进行表征,研究了TIP含量对胶粘剂折射率和光透过率的影响。结果表明：TiO2无机相均匀地分散在胶粘剂的聚合物基体中,平均粒径约为20 nm;随着体系中TIP质量分数的变化,复合胶粘剂折射率为1.510 3~1.540 9可调;胶粘剂的光透过率随TIP质量分数增加略有减低,但当TIP含量高达40%时,光透过率维持在90%左右。     

Improving Epoxy Adhesives with Zirconia Nanoparticles

Zirconia nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol–gel route and dispersed into an epoxy base for structural adhesives. Nanoparticles were used as-synthesized or after calcination. Moreover, the effect of silane functionalization was also investigated. According to preliminary tensile mechanical tests on bulk nanocomposite samples, calcined and untreated zirconia nanoparticles were selected for the preparation of adhesives with various filler contents. The glass transition temperature increased up to a filler content of 1 vol% and then decreased, probably due to the concurrent and contrasting effects of chain blocking and reduction of the crosslinking degree. Also tensile modulus, stress at break and fracture toughness of bulk adhesives samples were positively affected by the presence of an optimal amount of zirconia nanoparticles. Mechanical tests on single lap aluminium bonded joints indicated that zirconia nanoparticles led to relevant enhancements of the shear strength of the joints. In particular, the shear strength increased by about 60% for an optimal filler content of 1 vol%, and an adhesive failure mechanism was evidenced for all the tested specimens. Concurrently, a significant decrease of the equilibrium contact angle with water was observed for adhesives containing zirconia nanoparticles. It can therefore be concluded that the addition of zirconia nanoparticles can effectively improve epoxy adhesives, both by increasing their mechanical properties and by enhancing the interfacial wettability with an aluminium substrate.     

The role of alumina nanoparticles in epoxy adhesives

Both untreated and calcined fumed alumina nanoparticles were dispersed into an epoxy-based adhesive at various percentages. The glass transition temperature of the nanofilled adhesives increased up to an optimal filler loading and then decreased, probably due to concurrent and contrasting effects of chain blocking and reduction of the crosslinking degree. Tensile modulus, stress at break, and fracture toughness of bulk adhesive were positively affected by the presence of untreated alumina nanoparticles at an optimal filler content. Mechanical tests on single-lap aluminum bonded joints indicated that untreated alumina nanoparticles markedly improved both the shear strength and fatigue life of the bonded joints. In particular, the shear strength increased by about 60% for an optimal filler content of 1 vol.%, and an adhesive failure mechanism was evidenced for all the tested specimens. Concurrently, a relevant decrease of the equilibrium contact angle with water was observed for nanofilled bulk adhesives. In summary, alumina nanoparticles can effectively improve the mechanical performances of epoxy structural adhesives, both by increasing their mechanical properties and by enhancing the interfacial wettability with an aluminum substrate.     

Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane/Epoxy Intercross-linked Polymer Network Adhesives for Metal Substrates

Castor oil based polyurethane (CO-PU) was first synthesized from castor oil and 4, 4’-diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate (MDI). Then, a series of CO-PU/epoxy (EP) intercross-linked polymer network (ICPN) adhesives for metal substrates were prepared by a sequential method. The functional groups, tack -free time, mechanical properties, adhesive properties, and thermal stability were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that an ICPN structure was formed through the introduction of CO-PU into EP. Results of adhesive measurements showed that the maximal value of lap shear strength was achieved at the CO-PU content of 20%. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that thermal stability of the adhesive film decreased with increased CO-PU content.     

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析高温对木材-胶粘剂界面性能的影响

胶合木层板间界面起传递应力的作用，是构件承载的重要参数，其高温胶合性能决定了构件的抗火性能。以兴安落叶松结构材，以及结构用间苯二酚-酚醛树脂胶粘剂(PRF)和三聚氰胺-脲醛树脂胶粘剂(MUF)为研究对象，研究了20～280 ℃中木材含水率、密度、顺纹弦向抗剪强度和木材-胶粘剂界面胶合性能等216个试件在高温中的物理力学性能变化规律，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱分析高温中胶粘剂官能团变化，揭示了高温对木材-胶粘剂界面性能的劣化机理。结果表明，20～150 ℃时，兴安落叶松主要发生由水分释放导致的木材密度降低等物理反应，木材颜色未发生明显变化；150～200 ℃时，木材热降解开始，密度下降速度变缓，木材颜色逐渐加深；温度继续升高时，木材热降解加剧，颜色急剧加深，木材密度损失快速增加；当温度升至280 ℃时，木材发生炭化、完全转化为黑色，密度降至常温的72.49%。高温对兴安落叶松顺纹弦向抗剪强度有明显的劣化作用；20 ℃时木材抗剪强度为9.654 MPa，20～110 ℃时木材抗剪强度下降较快，150 ℃时降至常温的60.68%；150～280 ℃时，木材顺纹抗剪强度急剧下降，280 ℃时降至1.054 MPa。木材-胶粘剂界面的高温性能与胶粘剂的耐热性能密切相关；常温时，兴安落叶松与PRF和MUF均有较好的胶合性能，其界面抗剪强度分别为9.071和9.619 MPa，木破率均在80%以上；随着温度的升高，两种胶粘剂的界面抗剪强度均明显降低，木材-PRF界面较木材-MUF具有更好的耐高温性能。20～150 ℃时，两种胶粘剂界面抗剪强度劣化规律与木材抗剪强度相似，150 ℃时木材-PRF和木材-MUF的界面抗剪强度分别为常温的60.61%和60.92%，木破率均高于70%。150～280 ℃时，木材-PRF界面抗剪强度劣化规律仍与木材顺纹抗剪强度相似，280 ℃时降至0.774 MPa；木材-MUF界面胶合性能受温度影响更大，220 ℃时其木破率为10%，280 ℃时界面抗剪强度降至0 MPa。傅里叶变换红外光谱图中，20～150 ℃时PRF化学结构无明显变化；温度高于150 ℃时主要发生胶粘剂的进一步交联，以及醚键和亚甲基桥的断裂，PRF开始热解，但化学结构仍较完整；20～150 ℃时MUF的化学结构无明显变化，温度高于200 ℃时，羟甲基特征峰减弱、异氰酸酯基团产生，热降解剧烈，PRF较MUF具有更高的耐热性能。研究结果将为木结构工程合理选择原材料提供数据支撑，并为完善木结构抗火设计理论和方法提供依据。     

Thermosets as compatibilizers at the isotactic polypropylene film and thermomechanical pulp fiber interphase

The objective of this study was to improve interfacial adhesion properties at the interface of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fiber and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) using thermoset adhesives such as phenol formaldehyde (PF) and urea formaldehyde (UF). This study also attempted to achieve fiber-to-fiber adhesion using thermoset adhesives before the molten iPP would flow into the fiber web. The fracture surfaces with thermoset adhesive showed identical differences in terms of fracture modes at the interface. An increased TMP fiber failure was observed with increased thermoset quantity at the interface. Using one percent resin content of weight fraction of TMP fiber handsheet, the tensile strength properties increased almost two fold higher than the strength of control samples. Additional adhesive contents of three and five percent showed gradual strength enhancement. However, the enhanced strength was statistically insignificant. UF resin showed slightly better strength performance over PF resin. This result may be caused by solid contents and additional pigments of resins.     

Synthesis and Curing Kinetics of UV-Curable Waterborne Bisphenol-S Epoxy-Acrylate/Polyurethane-Acrylate/Methylacryloylpropyl-POSS Nanocomposites

In order to prepare waterborne UV-curable polyurethane-acrylate (PUA) /epoxyl-acrylate (ERA) nanocomposites, the PUA, bisphenol-S epoxy acrylate (BPSEA) and methylacryloylpropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (MAP-POSS) were synthesized. UV-curable BPSEA/PUA/MAP-POSS nanocomposites were prepared. The curing process, kinetics, and properties of the nanocomposites were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The base-acid resistance ability, adhesive strength, and hardness of coating films were determined. The results showed that these nanocomposites could be cured by both UV-light irradiation and a thermal free radical polymerization. Under the UV-light irradiation, they could be cured basically completely in about 20 min. The thermal free radical curing reaction could be described by a two-parameter autocatalytic ?esták-Berggren (S-B) model. The dynamic mechanical loss peak temperature, T_p, of the cured nanocomposites increased with increasing MAP-POSS content up to 8 wt%, an enhancement of 5.8°C over the pure BPSEA/PUA system, and then decreased. Films of the nanocomposites also had better base-acid resistance ability and hardness than pure BPSEA/PUA.     

Effect of interfacial slippage in peel test: Theoretical model

Peel test is an efficient method to assess the performance and characteristics of materials such as adhesives and adhesive tapes. Recent experiments evidenced that the measured adhesive strength is closely related to the shear-induced interfacial slippage near the delamination front due to the concomitant Poisson contraction effect of the adhesive. Based on the experimental observations, a theoretical model is presented in this paper to examine the effect of the shear-induced interfacial slippage in the peel test. The influence of the interfacial slippage, represented by the shear displacement in the cohesive zone, on the fracture energy of decohesive zone is analyzed. An implicit expansion method with a Gauss-Chebyshev quadrature scheme is used to derive the solution. It is found that the length of the slippage zone and the receding contact angle of adhesives are the two most significant contributors to the total fracture energy of the decohesive zone. These results demonstrate that the mechanism of interfacial slippage plays a significant role in the adhesion and peeling behaviors of adhesives.     

有机蒙脱土改性脲醛树脂的结构与纳米力学研究

蒙脱土(MMT)作为一种天然矿物质,在树脂胶粘剂的增强改性方面应用前景广阔。为了探明蒙脱土增强作用机理,本文采用有机蒙脱土改性脲醛树脂,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析蒙脱土和改性树脂的化学和晶体结构;并制造木质复合材料,采用纳米压痕技术(NI)比较研究复合材料界面区域树脂的纳米力学性能,测定复合材料的宏观胶合强度。FTIR和XRD分析表明,经十六烷基三甲基溴化铵分析纯(CTAB)改性后的蒙脱土在2 929和2 855cm~(-1)附近出现新的吸收峰,蒙脱土原土中的金属阳离子和有机阳离子实现有效交换,其(001)面强衍射峰向小角度移动,蒙脱土原土纳米片层的间距从1.51nm增加至2.71nm,有助于蒙脱土均匀分散于树脂体系中,并与体系中聚合物分子基团发生化学反应。蒙脱土片层的物理填充、化学反应形成的弹性体结构使得胶粘剂在加载过程中可以有效地分散应力,从而有利于提高脲醛树脂的力学性能,有机蒙脱土改性脲醛树脂的微观弹性模量和硬度分别增加了66.9%和24.2%。改性后树脂的耐水性能得到明显改善,木质复合材料的湿胶合强度增加了约97%。