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理论分析了射流抛光的紊动冲击射流特点,构建了射流抛光的垂直冲击射流模型和斜冲击射流模型。根据射流抛光冲击射流的特点,比较各种流体模型后,采用RNG k-e 模型应用于射流抛光模型的计算。利用计算流体力学理论的二阶迎风格式对抛光模型方程离散,用SIMPLEC数值计算方法对射流抛光过程的紊动冲击射流和离散相磨粒分布进行数值模拟,得到了射流抛光过程的连续流场和离散相磨粒与水溶液的耦合流场,同时计算出了抛光液射流在工件壁面上的压力、速度、紊动强度、剪切力分布和磨粒体积质量分布,分析了垂直射流抛光模型和斜冲击射流抛光模型紊流流场的特点。 相似文献
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数值模拟研究了高速气流作用下激光加热金属平板温度场。流体控制方程为三维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,固体控制方程为能量方程,湍流粘性系数求解使用k-ε两方程模型。采用流固耦合计算方法,使用两相流模型模拟气流对烧蚀物的剥蚀,较完整地模拟了激光辐照金属材料的物理变化过程,计算得到了不同气流速度下金属平板的温度分布以及烧蚀形貌。分别使用两相流方法和动网格方法对高速气流作用下激光对金属板的烧蚀效应进行了计算,结果表明,两相流方法与动网格方法都能较好地模拟高速气流作用下激光加热金属平板的温度响应,由于两相流方法能够较全面地模拟对流换热、熔化与凝固过程以及金属液体在气流冲刷下的动力学过程,因此能获得比动网格方法更为合理的物理图像。 相似文献
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数值模拟研究了气流和激光辐照双重作用下的金属平板温度场。流体控制方程为3维雷诺平均N-S方程,固体控制方程为能量方程,湍流粘性系数求解使用k-ε两方程模型。采用流固耦合计算方法,使用动网格模型模拟气流的“冲刷效应”,较完整地模拟了激光辐照金属材料的物理变化过程,计算得到金属平板的温度分布及流场分布。结果表明:在较低气流速度及激光功率下,气流的冷却效应占主导地位;当气流速度和激光功率上升到一定程度后,气流的“冲刷效应”和冷却效应共同决定金属平板的温度分布。 相似文献
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温度体动网格模型中控制参数的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用调整导热系数和源项分布的方式,对温度体动网格模型所生成的网格品质进行控制.温度体动网格模型将运动边界的位移虚拟为求解域的温度边界条件,以流体能量方程或固体导热方程作为控制方程,通过选取不同的导热系数或源项分布可以得到适合不同求解问题需要的温度分布,并将求解得到的网格节点的温度作为其动态位移量.采用温度体动网格模型计算平动、三维旋转运动、柔性体运动等流固耦合计算中可能涉及的动网格算例.结果表明,在计算效率和生成网格的品质方面,与已有的动态网格生成方法相比,具有较大的优势,可以有效解决流固耦合数值模拟中存在的动态网格生成难题. 相似文献
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采用守恒型的跨音速全位势方程计算了机翼的气动性能,包括表面压力分布,力和力矩系数。计算中未计及粘性效应。坐标变换采用Joukowsky变挟。计算采用Jameson超松弛逐次线迭代格式(SLOR)和逐次加密网格技术。以ONERA M6机翼作为算例。计算结果表明与其他采用全位势方程的计算结果以及实验结果符合很好。 相似文献
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Sediment transport capacity of hyperconcentrated flow 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
As one of the most important components of river mechanics, sediment transport capacity of sediment-laden flows has attracted
much attention from many researchers working on river mechanics and hydraulic engineering. Based on the time-averaged equation
for a turbulent energy equilibrium in solid and liquid two-phase flow, an expression for the efficiency coefficient of suspended
load movement was derived for the two-dimensional, steady, uniform, fully-developed turbulent flow. A new structural expression
of sediment transport capacity was achieved. Using 115 runs of flume experimental data, which were obtained through two kinds
of sediment transport experiments in the state of equilibrium, in combination with the basic rheological and sediment transporting
characteristics of hyperconcentrated flow, the main parameters in the structural expression of sediment transport capacity
were calibrated, and a new formula of sediment transport capacity for hyperconcentrated flow was developed. A large amount
of field data from the Yellow River, Wuding River, and Yangtze River, etc. were adopted to verify the new formula and good
agreement was obtained. These results above contribute to an improved theoretical system of river mechanics and a reliable
tool for management of rivers carrying high concentration of sediments.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grand No. 10672024) and the Scientific Research Foundation
for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Education of China 相似文献
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A weighting function model of unsteady skin friction in smooth-walled, one-dimensional ducts is derived using an idealized form of the radial viscosity distribution. The model is an enhancement of earlier work by the authors in which additional simplifying assumptions were made. Important improvements include (1) replacing the assumption of uniform (solid) behaviour in an extensive core region by an assumption of uniform turbulent viscosity and (2) relating the wall shear stress to the mean flow velocity instead of to the maximum velocity. The resulting model can be used directly in numerical analyses of transient flows in pipes. It can also be used to deduce numerical values of an empirical coefficient in a popular alternative model of skin friction in which the unsteady contribution is assumed to be proportional to the instantaneous mean acceleration. 相似文献
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A turbulent velocity model is proposed to describe certain types of turbulent flows. An expression of the photon correlation function for laser cross-beam light scattering based on this model is presented, and it is found to give excellent agreement with experimental data. With least-square fitting, the measured spectrum allows the simultaneous determination of the mean flow velocity, turbulent velocity, and the number of scatterers. 相似文献
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Sergei B. Kuksin 《Communications in Mathematical Physics》2008,284(2):407-424
We study distributions of some functionals of space-periodic solutions for the randomly perturbed 2D Navier-Stokes equation,
and of their limits when the viscosity goes to zero. The results obtained give explicit information on distribution of the
velocity field of space-periodic turbulent 2D flows. 相似文献
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由于有机物质分解等原因,实际的海底沉积物中存在气泡,气泡的存在会显著影响沉积物低频段的声学特性,因此研究气泡对沉积物低频段声速的影响机理具有重要意义.考虑到外场环境的不可控性,在室内水池中搭建了大尺度含气非饱和沙质沉积物声学特性获取平台,在有界空间中应用多水听器反演方法首次获取了含气非饱和沙质沉积物300—3000 Hz频段内的声速数据(79—142 m/s),并同时利用双水听器法获取了同一频段的数据(112—121 m/s).在声波频率远低于沉积物中最大气泡的共振频率时,根据等效介质理论,将孔隙水和气泡等效为一种均匀流体,改进了水饱和等效密度流体近似模型.模型揭示了气泡对沉积物低频段声学特性的影响规律,理论上解释了沉积物中声速的降低.通过分析模型预报声速对模型参数的敏感性,根据测量得到的声速分布反演得到了沉积物不同区域的气泡体积分数,气泡体积分数从1.07%变化到2.81%.改进的模型为沉积物中气泡体积分数估计提供了一种新方法. 相似文献
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Results are reported on an assessment of the application of coherent Doppler and cross-correlation techniques to measure nearbed boundary layer flow. The approaches use acoustic backscattering from sediments entrained into the water column from the bed, to obtain high-resolution profiles of the nearbed hydrodynamics. Measurements are presented from a wave tunnel experiment in which sediment was entrained by unidirectional, oscillatory, and combined flows. The data collected have been used to evaluate the capability of the two flow techniques to measure boundary layer mean, turbulent, and intrawave velocity profiles. Further, the backscattered signal has been used to measure suspended sediment concentration profiles, which have been combined with the velocity profiles to obtain high-resolution measurements of boundary layer sediment flux. 相似文献
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壁面在展向作周期运动的槽道湍流的大涡模拟 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分别采用3种亚格子模式:传统的Smagorinsky模式、动力Smagorinsky模式和Cui(2004)基于Kolmogorov方程所提出的新模式,对壁面在展向作周期运动的槽道湍流进行了大涡模拟,以考察这3种模式对平均运动为三维、非定常的湍流流动的模拟能力.通过对湍流基本统计量的分析,发现动力模式和新模式都可以较好地预测这种三维非定常的湍流流动;对相位平均的湍流统计量,动力模式的结果略优于新模式;传统的Smagorinsky模式对这种流动的预测结果是最差的. 相似文献
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基于水动力学的水体组分垂直结构对遥感信号的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于水动力模型和辐射传输模型,模拟不同风速条件下水体组分(浮游植物和悬浮颗粒物)垂直分布对遥感反射率的影响,对比分析现有的两种水体光学均一函数(Zaneveld权重函数和Gordon权重函数)在不同层化程度水体中的应用。结果表明,悬浮颗粒物垂直分布对500~650nm范围内的遥感反射率(Rrs)影响较大,随着参考深度悬浮颗粒物质量浓度增加(由5~70mg/L),悬浮颗粒物垂直分布对Rrs的影响不断减小(变异系数由27.46%减小到3.38%),同时Rrs受到悬浮颗粒物影响的最大波长位置向长波方向移动(由585nm逐渐移动到685nm);在浮游植物垂直分布影响下,400~725nm范围内的Rrs值随着风速的增加呈现先增加再逐渐减小趋势,400~450nm范围内的Rrs受浮游植物垂直分布影响较小,变异系数仅为1%;500~600nm范围内的Rrs受浮游植物垂直分布影响较大,最大变异系数可达27.18%。在水体组分层化较弱水体中,Zaneveld与Gordon权重函数对水体光学均一处理效果较为相似;但在水体组分层化较为严重的水体中,Zaneveld权重函数光学均一处理效果要好于Gordon权重函数。 相似文献
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这篇论文的内容是关於不可压缩流体的湍流理论近代发展的综合性介绍舆分析。我们首先评述了根据Reynolds的平均运动方程所建立的混合长度理论。其次,分析关於均匀各向同性湍流的主要理论工作。第三,讨论了运用Reynolds的平均运动方程和根据速度涨落方程求得的速度关联函数的动力学方程来处理具有Reynolds剪应力的普通湍流运动问题。同时说明这个方法虽然能够给出比混合长度理论舆实验较为接近的理论结果并能提出速度涨落平方平均值的理论分布,但是由於在求出的速度关联的动力学方程中出现高次元的速度关联,它继续地导致不封闭的微分方程组因而遇到不易克服的困难。因此,从以上湍流理论发展的回顾和最近关於均匀各向同性湍流在后期衰变运动的涡性结构工作,我们在最后提出了对今后湍流理论研究工作的新看法:湍流运动的基本组成部分是流体粘性作用所引起的涡旋运动;这个涡旋运动的动力学根据是用平均的方法后Navier-Stokes方程所导出的Reyonlds的平均运动方程典带度涨落方程。我们并着重说明Reynolds认识到湍流运动可分作平均运动与涨落运动的重要性。今后的理论工作则在於求这两组动力学方程的涡旋运动解,而这种类型的解并须满足像Колмогоров在高Reynolds数运动的局部各向同性湍流理论中所提出的统计条件,方能使解满足惟一性并可舆实验结果相比较。 相似文献
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Stefan Heinz 《Journal of Turbulence》2013,14(11-12):929-958
ABSTRACTThe universality and mathematical physical structure of wall-bounded turbulent flows is a topic of discussions over many decades. There is no agreement about questions like what is the physical mean flow structure, how universal is it, and how universal are theoretical concepts for local and global flow variations. These questions are addressed by using latest direct numerical simulation (DNS) data at moderate Reynolds numbers Re and experimental data up to extreme Re. The mean flow structure is explained by analytical models for three canonical wall-bounded turbulent flows (channel flow, pipe flow, and the zero-pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer). Thorough comparisons with DNS and experimental data provide support for the validity of models. Criteria for veritable physics derived from observations are suggested. It is shown that the models presented satisfy these criteria. A probabilistic interpretation of the mean flow structure shows that the physical constraints of equal entropies and equally likely mean velocity values in a region unaffected by boundary effects impose a universal log-law structure. The structure of wall-bounded turbulent flows is much more universal than previously expected. There is no discrepancy between local logarithmic velocity variations and global friction law and bulk velocity variations. Flow effects are limited to the minimum: the difference of having a bounded or unbounded domain, and the variation range of mean velocity values allowed by the geometry. 相似文献