系统电磁脉冲一维边界层的数值模拟

应用准第一性原理的PIC程序对系统电磁脉冲(SGEMP)一维边界层进行数值模拟,研究无限大介质板发射单一能量为2 keV、发射率为3.3×1020 m-2·s-1的光电子,发射角分布为余弦角分布,且平板上留下等量正电荷时的SGEMP效应,得出稳态后电子所能到达的最大距离约在5.8~7.5 cm之间振荡;发射表面z=0处的电荷密度在(6.0~9.0)×10－6 C/m3之间振荡;表面电场值在50~55 kV/m之间振荡;边界层达到准稳态的时间约为14.0 ns。将稳态模拟结果和理论估算结果进行对比,模拟结果较理论结果更加准确、形象地反映出SGEMP一维边界层的形成过程及稳态结构。     

圆柱腔内系统电磁脉冲的数值模拟

应用3维全电磁粒子模拟程序研究腔体的内SGEMP,作为校验,模拟计算了光电子由圆柱腔体端面向内发射的SGEMP模型,并与文献结果进行了对比;使用该程序对圆柱腔体的3维内SGEMP进行模拟研究,得出注量为100 J/m2,特征温度为2 keV的黑体谱X射线,垂直入射高为4.5 cm、半径为7.5 cm的圆柱腔体侧面时,发射电流为20 A,产生的电场最高可达150 kV/m,磁场高达3.0×10?5 T。并对不同X射线注量下的电荷和电场分布情况进行了初步研究。     

圆柱体外SGEMP的三维数值模拟

研究复杂模型的系统电磁脉冲（SGEMP）特性,开发三维全电磁粒子模拟程序,用Monte Carlo方法计算电子发射的余弦角分布和指数能谱分布,作为校验,首先模拟光电子由圆柱端面向外发射的SGEMP模型,并与文献二维计算结果对比;用该程序对半径为10 cm,长度为20 cm的圆柱体只有一半侧面向外发射的三维SGEMP进行模拟,发现当发射电流为3.3A时,产生的电场最高可达56 kV·m^-1,磁场高达3.0×10^-6 T.     

电子脉冲在飞秒电子衍射系统中的传输特性

优化设计了一套超快电子衍射系统.用轨迹追踪法讨论了光电子在阴极上有150 fs的时间弥散量，及其静态、动态特性(电子束斑、时间弥散、方位角、倾角)在超快电子衍射系统中的传输情况.用Monte Carlo方法对光电子的初始状态进行抽样、用有限差分法计算二维、三维空间电场分布，用有限元法计算磁场分布.     

系统电磁脉冲综合环境中导线响应的计算

采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)、粒子模拟(PIC)方法和Holland细线算法,对圆柱腔体内带负载导线的系统电磁脉冲(SGEMP)综合环境响应进行了模拟。计算结果表明:导线负载上的响应电流从大到小依次由透射X射线、SGEMP场和前向电子产生;透射X射线和前向电子产生的响应电流极性相反;SGEMP场在导线负载上响应电流的极性与场分布有关;3种环境在负载上的综合响应中透射X射线的响应最大。对于腔体内的导线来说,SGEMP综合环境防护时透射X射线是重点考虑的因素。     

二维系统电磁脉冲

本文讨论了内电磁脉冲(IEMP)和系统电磁脉冲(SGEMP)之间的关系,并给出在x射线照射条件下,二維系统电磁脉冲的数值计算结果。     

光电子能量角度分布和空间电荷效应对变像管条纹相机的影响

基于飞秒条纹相机系统和飞秒电子衍射系统设计需求,通过蒙特卡罗方法模拟研究了在阴栅加速区光电子能量、角度分布和空间电荷效应对光电子时间弥散和能量弥散的影响。确定了紫外和软X射线波段入射光电阴极时,光电子六种初始能量分布的时间弥散精确值。分析了光电子发射电流密度、加速电场和时间弥散的关系。发现了电子脉冲在加速区轴向速度的线性啁啾、能量弥散变化和在自由区不相同。     

圆柱腔体光电输运的蒙特卡罗模拟

应用三维并行蒙特卡罗程序JMCT, 计算了特征温度分别为1, 3, 5, 8keV的黑体谱X射线入射到铝、二氧化硅、金的表面的背散射光电产额和电子能谱, 并与文献结果进行对比, 验证了程序的正确性, 进而针对系统电磁脉冲(SGEMP)研究中的典型几何结构——金属圆柱腔体, 模拟计算了其在黑体谱X射线照射下的光电输运过程, 用温度为1keV、注量为1J/m2的黑体谱X射线平行照射圆柱腔侧面, 半个侧面发射光电子, 计算得出了和方位角相关的不同面上发射光电子的光电产额、能谱分布和角分布, 结果表明掠入射的X射线会产生更高的光电产额; 光电子的发射角分布都基本符合余弦角分布的规律。     

飞秒条纹变相管的设计

设计了一种飞秒条纹变相管.采用静电聚焦,用Monte Carlo方法对光电子的初能量、初角度以及初位置进行抽样；用有限差分法计算阴极和栅极之间以及偏转板之间的电场分布；用四阶Lunge-Kutta法模拟跟踪大量（3000个）光电子的运行轨迹；统计分析了3000个电子在最佳像面上的时间分布、位置分布；给出了变相管的空间调制传递函数、时间分辨能力等基本参量.其时间分辨能力可望达到290.4 fs.     

线缆系统电磁脉冲效应测量系统研制和试验

分析了实验室瞬态X射线产生的系统电磁脉冲(SGEMP)效应测试所面临的技术问题,提出了解决方法、措施以及实验室模拟瞬态X射线的SGEMP模拟试验方法。通过电子屏蔽、电磁屏蔽、光电隔离、信号对称提取等特殊技术处理,解决了SGEMP效应模拟试验方法和测量系统抗X射线、抗电磁辐射等技术问题,并在大型瞬态X射线模拟源上,测出了瞬态X射线辐照时金属腔内线缆的SGEMP效应波形及幅值。     

非齐次边界条件时的半无界弦自由振动问题

基于达朗贝尔公式,讨论了半无界弦自由振动时的非齐次边界条件的延拓问题.结果表明:对半无界弦自由振动时的非齐次边界条件的延拓,理论上可有多种方法,尽管延拓表达式不同,但不会影响最终结果.文中最后还给出了两种相对简单的延拓方法.     

Landau theory of phase transitions in thick films

A simple expression is used for the free energy density with a one-component order parameter, and the boundary conditions at the surfaces of a film of thickness L are given by means of an extrapolation length δ. Exact expressions are given for the critical temperature and the order parameter profile in terms of elliptic functions, and the nature of the phase transition is discussed.     

非均匀纵向场对等离子体平衡的影响

讨论了纵向不均匀磁场导致磁面与等离子的畸变。对于锐边界情形和具有体电流分布情形求解了平衡方程，特别是给出了磁面变形依赖于各参量变化的表达式。     

固体间界面的物理模型和界面对声波的反射

简要描述了模拟两固体间界面特性的弹簧模型，该模型最早是根据静力学方法提出的，后来用固体间界面薄层的声波反射方法加以改进，从界面弹簧模型可以方便地得到界面外近似边界条件，其中包含界面“弹簧”振子的劲度常数和质量，文章还给出了两相间固体中界面声反射系数的表达式，介绍了测量界面劲度常数的超声反射谱方法。最后讨论了仍关声波与界面相互作用研究领域中最近的一些研究进展。     

微平行管道内Eyring流体的电渗滑移流动

研究了微平行管道内非牛顿流体––Eyring 流体在外加电场力和压力作用下的电渗流动. 在考虑微尺度效应, 电场作用, 非牛顿特性, 滑移边界等情况下, 建立Eyring流体在微平行管道内电渗流动的力学模型. 通过解线性Possion-Boltzmann方程和Cauchy动量方程, 给出Eyring 流体速度分布的精确解和近似解析解, 并探讨了上述因素对电渗流动的影响. 将电场力和压力对于Eyring流体电渗流动的速度分布的影响进行了比较分析, 得到有意义的结果.     

General Solutions for Hydromagnetic Free Convection Flow over an Infinite Plate with Newtonian Heating,Mass Diffusion and Chemical Reaction

The problem of hydromagnetic free convection flow over a moving infinite vertical plate with Newtonian heating, mass diffusion and chemical reaction in the presence of a heat source is completely solved. Radiative and porous effects are not taken into consideration but they can be immediately included by a simple rescaling of Prandtl number and magnetic parameter. Exact general solutions for the dimensionless velocity and concentration fields and the corresponding Sherwood number and skin friction coefficient are determined under integral form in terms of error function or complementary error function of Gauss. They satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions and can generate exact solutions for any problem with technical relevance of this type. As an interesting completion, uncommon in the literature, the differential equations which describe the thermal, concentration and momentum boundary layer, as well as the exact expressions for the thicknesses of thermal, concentration or velocity boundary layers were determined.Numerical results have shown that the thermal boundary layer thickness decreases for increasing values of Prandtl number and the concentration boundary layer thickness is decreasing with Schmidt number. Finally, for illustration,three special cases are considered and the influence of physical parameters on some fundamental motions is graphically underlined and discussed. The required time to reach the flow according with post-transient solution(the steady-state),for cosine/sine oscillating concentrations on the boundary is graphically determined. It is found that, the presence of destructive chemical reaction improves this time for increasing values of chemical reaction parameter.     

Exact solution of two collinear cracks normal to the boundaries of a 1D layered hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal

The electroelastic problem related to two collinear cracks of equal length and normal to the boundaries of a one-dimensional hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal layer is analysed. By using the finite Fourier transform, a mixed boundary value problem is solved when antiplane mechanical loading and inplane electric loading are applied. The problem is reduce to triple series equations, which are then transformed to a singular integral equation. For uniform remote loading, an exact solution is obtained in closed form, and explicit expressions for the electroelastic field are determined. The intensity factors of the electroelastic field and the energy release rate at the inner and outer crack tips are given and presented graphically.     

Quantum dynamics in a time-dependent cylindrical trap

Solutions to the Schrödinger equation are examined for a particle inside a cylindrical trap of a circular time-dependent cross-section. Analytical expressions for energy and momentum expectation values are derived with respect to the exact solutions; and the adiabatic and sudden change of the boundary are discussed. The density profile as a function of time in a given observation point, resembles the diffraction-in-time pattern observed in a suddenly released particle but with an enhanced fringe visibility. Numerical computations are presented for both contracting and expanding boxes.     

Notes on hydrodynamic modes in a He II layer of arbitrary thickness

Hydrodynamic modes of a given frequency which can exist in a layer of superfluid helium adiabatically enclosed between two plane parallel boundaries are investigated. Starting from the linearized Landau-Khalatnikov equations the exact dispersion relations and fields of all possible modes are calculated numerically and compared with previous results obtained by various approximations. E.g., it is shown that the existence of the strongly attenuated thermoviscous wave in the bulk fluid implies the existence of many modifications of it in a layer, and that the layer modifications of the viscous wave exist in a classical fluid, too, but behave differently in the thin layer region. For the resistance parameter needed in the often used approximation of averaging the two-fluid-equations over the layer the correct thickness dependence is given for the region of thick layers. The necessity of a fourth boundary condition is discussed.     

Capacitance analysis of a circular disk on a dielectric layer

Using the Hankel transform, the mixed boundary value problem of a conducting, circular disk on a dielectric layer in an electric field was reduced to the solution of dual integral equations. Analytical expressions of the capacitance of the electrical system to the second approximation were derived for the ratio of the layer thickness to the disk radius being larger than one and the ratio being less than one, respectively. Both expressions yield numerical results in accord with those reported in literature. The capacitance of a circular disk on a semi-infinite dielectric can be used for a ratio larger than or equal to 4. Using the results, the thickness effect on electrowetting of a disk-like conducting film on a dielectric substrate was discussed. There exists an upper bound of the electric voltage applied to the film above which the saturation of contact angle or local instability will occur.