Extra revivals in cooperative atomic inversion in a cavity

We investigate collective and quantum properties of the atomic inversion of A two-level atoms interacting with a strong quantum field of a single-mode loss-free cavity. The dynamics consists of A fast scales of Rabi oscillations, each featuring collapses and revivals. The first revival of the second quasiharmonic scale can be observed with large cooperativity, demonstrating altogether the existence of the extra sidebands of the resonance fluorescence spectrum. There are also A slow cooperative scales which form the slow envelope of the inversion, which for large cooperativity can split the revivals. For the case of half excited initial atomic state the energy exchange between the field and atomic system is strongly suppressed, and there is an average energy loss by the atoms.     

Continuous-variable multimode entanglement in multi-wave mixing

We present a scheme to obtain continuous-variable multimode entanglement via multi-wave mixing. For a four-level atomic system in a diamond configuration, four strong coherence fields are applied to the four dipole-allowed transitions to amplify eight sidebands as cavity fields, respectively. Due to the atomic coherence, the eight side modes constitute a pair of double quantum-beats and combine into two quantum-beat collective modes, which are in a four-wave mixing parametric interaction. As a result, the entanglement occurs between these two collective modes. Correspondingly, any two individual modes from two different collective modes are entangled with each other. This gives rise to continuous-variable eight-mode entanglement with different frequencies, which has extensively application in quantum communication and quantum network.     

Phonon-dressed Mollow triplet in the regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics: excitation-induced dephasing and nonperturbative cavity feeding effects

We study the resonance fluorescence spectra of a driven quantum dot placed inside a high-Q semiconductor cavity and interacting with an acoustic phonon bath. The dynamics is calculated using a time-convolutionless master equation in the polaron frame. We predict pronounced spectral broadening of the Mollow sidebands through off-resonant cavity emission which, for small cavity-coupling rates, increases quadratically with the Rabi frequency in direct agreement with recent experiments using semiconductor micropillars [S.?M. Ulrich et al., preceding Letter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 247402 (2011)]. We also demonstrate that, surprisingly, phonon coupling actually helps resolve signatures of the elusive second rungs of the Jaynes-Cummings ladder states via off-resonant cavity feeding. Both multiphonon and multiphoton effects are shown to play a qualitatively important role on the fluorescence spectra.     

One- and two-photon resonance fluorescence of a three-level atom at high photon densities

We consider the possible physical processes that may arise in a three-level atom when only two of its levels interact with a strong electromagnetic field and when the atomic transition frequency is nearly equal to once and twice the frequency of the laser field, respectively. There have been found pronounced cooperative effects in the spectrum of the two-level system, which is in resonance with the laser field, arising from the presence of the third level. The excitation spectra describing the transitions from the first excited state into the second excited state and from that to the ground state consist, apart from the two central peaks, of two pairs of sidebands which are induced by the laser field of the neighbouring system. Detailed expressions of the spectral functions for the physical processes of one- and two-photon resonance fluorescence have been derived and discussed in the limit of high photon densities. The excitation spectrum of the low frequency modes has been considered and discussed in detail. It is found that quantum beats in spontaneous emission may appear in the spectra of the one- and two-photon resonance fluorescence arising from the interference between the two atomic transition frequencies and the frequency of the laser field. The importance of the low frequency modes that occur in the processes in question has been pointed out.     

CdTe量子点的光谱特性及其应用

研究了水相CdTe量子点的共振散射光谱、荧光光谱和吸收光谱特性。结果表明,随着量子点粒径(d)的增大,CdTe量子点的荧光峰(λ_F)发生红移,吸收峰也发生红移,且吸收峰(λ_A)的峰形变宽、吸光度(A)降低,λ与ln(d)均存在较好的线性关系。其函数关系为λ_A =126.74 ln(d)+395.92和λ_F=155.01 ln(d) +415.5。共振散射光谱研究表明, 共振散射波长λ_R与CdTe量子点粒径（3.8～8.6 nm）的对数存在较好的线性关系,线性回归方程为λ_R=148.37 ln(d)+418.08, 相关系数为0.995 2,而且同一粒径的CdTe量子点,共振散射强度与CdTe量子点的浓度也存在良好的线性关系,粒径为3.8 nm的CdTe量子点在波长597 nm处的线性范围,回归方程,相关系数分别为：22.5～180.0 μmol·L-1;I_{597 nm}=0.572 1c+5.884,0.997 5。共振散射光谱法作为检测CdTe量子点粒径的一种新方法,具有简便快速及较好的应用价值。     

Optical detection of the quantization of collective atomic motion

We directly measure the quantized collective motion of a gas of thousands of ultracold atoms, coupled to light in a high-finesse optical cavity. We detect strong asymmetries, as high as 3:1, in the intensity of light scattered into low- and high-energy motional sidebands. Owing to high cavity-atom cooperativity, the optical output of the cavity contains a spectroscopic record of the energy exchanged between light and motion, directly quantifying the heat deposited by a quantum position measurement's backaction. Such backaction selectively causes the phonon occupation of the observed collective modes to increase with the measurement rate. These results, in addition to providing a method for calibrating the motion of low-occupation mechanical systems, offer new possibilities for investigating collective modes of degenerate gases and for diagnosing optomechanical measurement backaction.     

High efficiency photon counting using stored light

We propose a method that can, in principle, achieve nearly ideal photon counting, by combining the techniques of photonic quantum memory and ion-trap quantum-state measurements. After mapping the quantum state of a propagating light pulse onto metastable collective excitations of a trapped cold atomic gas, it is possible to monitor the resonance fluorescence induced by an additional laser field that couples only to the metastable excited state. Even with a photon collection/detection efficiency as low as 10%, it is possible to achieve photon counting with efficiency exceeding 99%.     

Resonance fluorescence of a two-level atom in a feedback loop

The resonance fluorescence spectrum of a two-level atom in a classical light field, whose phase is changed by a feedback system by π after the detection of each spontaneous photon, has been calculated. The spectrum resembles the well-known Rautian-Mollow triplet. However, the sidebands become sharply asymmetric at a nonzero frequency detuning of the light field from the atomic resonance transition. In addition, the spectrum retains the pronounced triplet shape even beyond the secular approximation, when the sidebands of the Rautian-Mollow structure become unresolved in the absence of the feedback.     

High-precision metrology of highly charged ions via relativistic resonance fluorescence

Resonance fluorescence of laser-driven highly charged ions is investigated with regard to precisely measuring atomic properties. For this purpose an ab initio approach based on the Dirac equation is employed that allows for studying relativistic ions. These systems provide a sensitive means to test correlated relativistic dynamics, quantum electrodynamic phenomena and nuclear effects by applying x-ray lasers. We show how the narrowing of sidebands in the x-ray fluorescence spectrum by interference due to an additional optical driving can be exploited to determine atomic dipole or multipole moments to unprecedented accuracy.     

电介质或导体表面吸附原子的共振光现象

本文借助于线性响应理论方法求得固体表面附近原子的光学布洛赫(Bloch)方程。借助于光学布洛赫方程和量子回归定理,求得了吸附原子的共振荧光谱。通过对该谱的数值分析可得出下述结论:固体表面的存在将对光谱中峰的高度以及两个边带的位置产生明显的影响。当被吸附的原子非常接近固体表面时,两个边带会向两侧移动,其中一个几乎消失,同时各个峰的高度也会大幅度降低。     

Quantum plasmonics with quantum dot-metal nanoparticle molecules: influence of the Fano effect on photon statistics

We study theoretically the quantum optical properties of hybrid molecules composed of an individual quantum dot and a metallic nanoparticle. We calculate the resonance fluorescence of this composite system. Its incoherent part, arising from nonlinear quantum processes, is enhanced by more than 2 orders of magnitude as compared to that of the dot alone. The coupling between the two systems gives rise to a Fano interference effect which strongly influences the quantum statistical properties of the scattered photons: a small frequency shift of the incident light field may cause changes in the intensity correlation function of the scattered field of orders of magnitude. The system opens a good perspective for applications in active metamaterials and ultracompact single-photon devices.     

Efficient entanglement criteria beyond Gaussian limits using Gaussian measurements

We present a formalism to derive entanglement criteria beyond the Gaussian regime that can be readily tested by only homodyne detection. The measured observable is the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation. Its arbitrary functional form enables us to detect non-Gaussian entanglement even when an entanglement test based on second-order moments fails. We illustrate the power of our experimentally friendly criteria for a broad class of non-Gaussian states under realistic conditions. We also show rigorously that quantum teleportation for continuous variables employs a specific functional form of EPR correlation.     

Harmonic generations in coupled quantum wells with few-cycle pulses

When few-cycle laser field propagates in an asymmetric coupled quantum well by solving the Maxwell-Bloch equations, not only the odd harmonic generations but also the even harmonic generations can be found. Interestingly, when the system is the inversion symmetric by adjusting the right well width, a peak near the position of second harmonic generation will be obtained. The origin of the new phenomenon is the sidebands effects and the resonance enhancement.     

Time-dependent transport through a quantum dot: influence of the Coulomb interaction on the quantum dot charge states

We consider the electron transport through one-level quantum dot, out of the Kondo regime, under the influence of the external microwave fields. The influence of the intra-dot Coulomb electron-electron interaction is studied using the equation of motion method for appropriate correlation functions. The formula for the current and the closed set of the integro-differential equations for the expectation values of the quantum dot charge states are given. The most characteristic feature of these time-averaged expectation values is an appearance of the additional structure (sidebands) on the curves of the derivatives of the expectation values with respect to the gate voltage. The sidebands structure formed on both sides of the ‘ionization’ and ‘affinity’ quantum dot levels are also found on the current and differential conductance curves.     

Resonance in quantum dot fluorescence in a photonic bandgap liquid crystal host

Microcavity resonance is demonstrated in nanocrystal quantum dot fluorescence in a one-dimensional (1D) chiral photonic bandgap cholesteric-liquid crystal host under cw excitation. The resonance demonstrates coupling between quantum dot fluorescence and the cholesteric microcavity. Observed at a band edge of a photonic stop band, this resonance has circular polarization due to microcavity chirality with 4.9 times intensity enhancement in comparison with polarization of the opposite handedness. The circular-polarization dissymmetry factor g(e) of this resonance is ~1.3. We also demonstrate photon antibunching of a single quantum dot in a similar glassy cholesteric microcavity. These results are important in cholesteric-laser research, in which so far only dyes were used, as well as for room-temperature single-photon source applications.     

Optical susceptibility of metal nanoparticle-double quantum dot hybrid system

This work is modeling the linear optical susceptibility of a double quantum dot (DQD)–metal nanoparticle (MNP) hybrid system using density matrix equations that consider the interaction between excitons and surface plasmons. The wetting layer (WL)-QD interaction is considered.The absorption of the hybrid DQD-MNP system increases by five times compared to the bare DQD system. The absorption peak is reducing in a similar ratio of increasing MNP radius. A Mollow triplet with asymmetric sidebands appears and decreases with increasing MNP radius, which is compatible with recent experimental evidence. The susceptibility peaks at resonance for a small distance between the hybrid MNP-DQD. The susceptibility is increased by one order for the DQD system compared to a single QD. A similar result is obtained under WL-QD detuning compared to the case of the probe between DQD states. Small DQDs give high absorption and dispersion, offering more shifts from resonance.     

Compact transmission system using single-sideband modulation of light for quantum cryptography

We report a new transmission that can be used for quantum key distribution. The system uses single-sideband-modulated light in an implementation of the BB84 quantum cryptography protocol. The system is formed by two integrated unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers and is based on interference between phase-modulated sidebands in the spectral domain. Experiments show that high interference visibility can be obtained.     

非高斯噪声驱动下一维双稳系统的逻辑操作

本文以成功率作为逻辑随机共振的测度, 主要研究了非高斯噪声激励下一维双稳系统的逻辑随机共振现象, 并用平均首次通过时间的方法对此现象的机理进行了解释. 研究结果表明: 只有在适当的噪声强度带或关联时间带上, 成功率才会达到共振峰值. 通过对系统参数进行优化, 提高了系统实现逻辑操作的可靠性. 关键词： 逻辑随机共振 一维双稳系统 非高斯噪声 平均首次通过时间     

Cooperative effects in the two atom resonance fluorescence spectrum

We consider the resonance fluorescence spectrum of two similar interacting atoms in the limit of high photon densities. The excitation spectrum of the symmetric modes contains two sidebands in addition to the usual three peaks which are analogous to those of the isolated atom. These two new sidebands are due entirely to the cooperative behaviour of the two atoms and vanish when the atoms are far apart. The energy shifts and spectral widths for these two sidebands are two and five times larger than those for the isolated atom respectively. The probability of occurrence of these sidebands depends on the parameters V_AB/Ω and γ²₀/Ω², where V_AB is the dipole-dipole interaction energy, γ₀ is the spontaneous emission probability and Ω is the Rabi frequency. The asymmetric broadening of both sidebands depends on the parameter γ₀/Ω. The possibility to measure the dipole-dipole energy through the observation of these sidebands is discussed.