二烯丙基二硫对12C6+离子束辐照损伤小鼠的保护作用研究

研究大蒜素重要活性成分二烯丙基二硫( Diallyl disulfide, 简称DADS) 对12C6+离子束辐照损伤小鼠的保护作用。利用4 Gy 剂量12C6+离子束对不同浓度DADS 预处理的雄性昆明小鼠进行单次全身照射。随后检测骨髓细胞微核率和肝组织中丙二醛(MDA) 含量、蛋白质总羰基含量、总抗氧化能力( TAOC)及谷丙转氨酶(ALT ) 活性。结果显示,与单纯照射组相比,低浓度DADS 预处理组骨髓细胞微核率和肝组织ALT 活性均显著降低(p<0.001),而肝组织T-AOC明显增强( p < 0.05 );中浓度DADS 预处理组肝组织中MDA 含量和蛋白质总羰基含量均显著减少( p < 0.05 )。结果提示,DADS通过抑制氧化应激,有效地保护了脂质、蛋白质和遗传物质免受12C6+离子束辐照引起的损伤。The radioprotective effect of Diallyl disulfide (DADS) on 12C6+ ion irradiation was studied. Pretreated with DADS of different concentration, male Kung-Ming mice were exposed to whole body irradiation with dosage of 4 Gy 12C6+ ion. The animals were sacrificed after irradiation. Then the bone marrow cells micronucleus rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, content of protein carbonylation, total antioxidant capacity ( T-AOC) and alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) activity were measured. As compared with those in irradiated group, the ratio of micronucleus cells in marrow and the hepatic ALT activity in the pretreatment group with low dose DADS decreased significantly ( p < 0.001 ). Similarly,the content of protein carbonylation and the levels of MDA droped dramatically in the group with middle dose DADS treatment ( p < 0.05 ). On the contrary, the hepatic T-AOC increased markedly in the group of pretreatment with low dose DADS ( p < 0.05 ). The results showed that DADS protect lipoid, protein and genetic material from 12C6+ ion irradiation by right of resisting oxidative stress.     

酵母β-葡聚糖对C离子辐射损伤小鼠免疫系统的防护作用

用12C6+离子束对小鼠进行一次性全身辐照, 检测不同剂量的酵母β-葡聚糖对12C6+辐射损伤小鼠免疫系统的防护作用。 辐照后观察小鼠的体重、 毛色及行为变化, 照后第2天和第7天检测小鼠外周血中白细胞含量, 照后第8天检测小鼠胸腺和脾脏内SOD, GSH PX活性和MDA含量。 实验结果表明, 给予酵母β 葡聚糖能减缓辐照引起的小鼠体重急剧下降, 增加小鼠外周血中白细胞含量,不同程度地恢复胸腺和脾脏SOD和GSH PX活性, 降低胸腺和脾脏MDA含量。 表明酵母β-葡聚糖对12C6+引起的小鼠辐射损伤具有防护作用。 To detect Yeast β-glucan’s protective effect on mice’s immune system after C ion beam radiation, mice were used as the test model. We observed the weight, hair color and behavior of mice everyday within a 7 d period of time after irradiation. Meanwhile, the content of white blood cell, on the 2nd and 7th day after irradiation was detected. We detected the thymus and spleen SOD, GSH PX activity and MDA content of the mice on the 8th day. The results showed that yeast β glucan could reduce the rapid weight loss of mice, increase white blood cell content, increase thymus and spleen SOD, GSH PX activity, decrease MDA content of thymus and spleen. These results indicate that yeast β glucan can protect mice’s immune system against C ion beam radiation damage.     

稀土镧对雄性小鼠睾丸cAMP和自由基的影响

采用酶联免疫吸附法和分光光度法,通过腹腔注射不同剂量稀土镧,研究小鼠睾丸环磷腺苷(cAMP)和自由基水平的变化。在稀土镧作用下,与对照组相比,处理组小鼠睾丸cAMP含量显著降低(P<0.05);MDA含量显著升高(P<0.05);GSH-PX活力无显著变化(P<0.05)。400mg·kg-1·d-1剂量组睾丸SOD活力显著降低(P<0.05)。腹腔注射稀土镧导致小鼠睾丸cAMP含量和SOD活力降低,可能是导致小鼠精子质量下降的重要原因。     

两种保护剂对C离子诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的应答

比较了N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)及乙酰左旋肉毒碱(ALCAR)对12C6+离子照射小鼠的损伤效应,并探讨了其可能的作用机制。利用4Gy剂量的12C6+离子束对预先给予NAC(100mg/kg)和ALCAR(100mg/kg)保护的昆明小鼠进行单次全身照射。随后检测肝组织中总抗氧化能力(TAC)、DNA单链断裂和细胞凋亡率。结果显示,与照射对照组相比,提前给予NAC和ALCAR均极显著地增强了肝组织的抗氧化能力(P0.001),减轻了12C6+离子导致的肝组织中DNA断裂(P0.001)和细胞凋亡(P0.001)。此外,还发现ALCAR组抗重离子辐照损伤的能力显著地高于NAC组(P0.05)。实验结果提示了NAC和ALCAR可通过抵御组织内的氧化胁迫,阻止DNA链的断裂和细胞的凋亡,实现对C离子辐照损伤的保护效应。而且ALCAR比NAC可能更适合成为有潜力、有希望的抗C重离子辐射药物。     

全氟辛酸致小鼠肝脏氧化损伤的实验

研究了低（1mg/kg/d）、中（5mg/kg/d）、高（25mg/kg/d）三个剂量组全氟辛酸（Perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA）致小鼠肝脏脂质过氧化损伤的作用.结果发现,PFOA能抑制小鼠体重的增长,对肝组织造成一定的脂质过氧化损伤.各组小鼠出现不同程度的体重增长缓慢甚至减轻,中、高剂量组出现明显的减轻（P＜0.01）;低、中、高剂量组肝脏系数,均明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）;与对照组相比,各剂量组的肝组织中MDA、NO及LDH含量明显增高,SOD、SDH及GSH-Px活性均明显降低（P＜0.05）.     

GANRA类药物的抗辐射效应研究

以昆明小鼠为实验模型, 连续进行GANRA类药物灌胃3 d后, 使用8 Gy 100 kVp的X射线进行辐照处理, 然后对血象、 脏器指数、 小鼠存活率、 肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等参数进行了统计分析。 结果表明: (1) 药物灌胃对小鼠存活率没有影响。 辐照后, 小鼠存活率显著下降, 存活率下降至50%所需时间分别为: 照射对照组20 d、 DMSO组9 d、 1#药物组29 d、 5#药物组24 d; (2) 药物灌胃对小鼠脏器指数没有明显影响, 辐照后的对照组和DMSO组小鼠的肝脏指数、 脾脏指数升高, 药物组的脏器指数低于照射对照组和DMSO组; (3) 辐照导致各实验组的MDA水平升高、 SOD活性下降, 但是5#药物的SOD活性高于DMSO组、 MDA水平低于DMSO组; (4) 药物灌胃对小鼠血象没有产生明显毒性效应;辐照后各实验组小鼠的白细胞等都显著下降。 从上述实验结果可以看出, GANRA类1#和5#药物具有抗辐射作用, 其机制可能与GANRA类药物的自由基清除能力有关。 After three days of medicine administrated, Kunming mice were exposured to 8 Gy of 100 kVp X rays. Hemogram, viscere, survival, MDA yields and SOD activity were examined. Results showes that, (1) Survival of medicine administrated mice were similar to the control group. After irradiation, survival dropped significantly. It took 20 days for the control group to reach to 50% survival, while 9 days for DMSO group 29 days for 1# drug group, and 24 days for 5# drug group. (2) The medicine per se had no obvious impacts on visceral indexes. Liver index and spleen index of the control group and DMSO group were elevated after irradiated, while those of medicine administrated group did not change much. (3) The groups treated by DMSO and 1# drug had high yield of MDA, but low activity of SOD. Compared with DMSO group, 5# drug had high SOD activity while low MDA level. Irradiation increased MDA level but decreased SOD activity of every group, However, 5# drug still showed higher SOD activity and lower MDA level than DMSO group. (4) The medicine did not show distinctive contributions to variation of hemogram. In summary, our results demonstrated that GANRA like 1# and 5# medicine had radioprotective effects and their mechanisms might be related to the scavenging ability of free radicals.     

辐射损伤小鼠胸腺组织的FTIR光谱变化与辐射剂量的关系

应用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱分析辐射损伤小鼠胸腺组织随辐射剂量增加的生化变化过程,为临床评估患者辐射剂量提供新的研究思路。结果表明,随着辐射剂量的增加,辐射损伤小鼠胸腺组织FTIR光谱的主要吸收峰位变化表现在照射2,3,5Gy时,在1550,1460,1400及1640cm-1处峰位发生移位(P0.05),峰高差异表现在:(1)与核酸有关的谱带1085和1236cm-1的峰强比呈下降趋势,(2)与蛋白质有关的谱带1640与1550cm-1的峰强比随剂量增加明显下降,(3)与脂类有关的谱带2958,2925,1460及1400cm-1未发生明显的变化。研究结果表明傅里叶变换红外光谱有望成为临床估算受照剂量的新方法。     

12C6+ 离子束辐照对大鼠离体主动脉环内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响

利用兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL) 提供的高能12C6+离子束(能量为300 MeV/u,剂量率为0.5 Gy/min) 辐照大鼠离体胸主动脉环,考察了12C6+离子束辐照对主动脉环内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响,并采用NBT 还原法测定血管环生成超氧阴离子(O2􀀀) 水平,加入外源性超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) 干预探讨了O2􀀀在内皮功能损伤中的作用。研究结果表明,2.0,4.0 和6.0 Gy 的12C6+离子束辐照大鼠胸主动脉环后,可致血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的剂量依赖性明显受损(P <0.01 vs control group),并可致血管环NBT 还原能力剂量依赖性增加(4.0 Gy 时,P <0.05;6.0 Gy 时,P <0.01 vs control group)。辐照前加入外源性SOD 对6.0 Gy 12C6+离子束辐照所致血管环NBT 还原能力升高有明显抑制作用(P <0.01),对血管环内皮依赖性舒张功能也有明显的保护作用(P<0.01),但辐照后10 min 加入外源性SOD,其保护作用明显不及前者。结论显示,12C6+ 离子束辐照大鼠胸主动脉环可致血管内皮功能受损,O2 清除剂SOD 对内皮功能受损有保护作用,说明O2􀀀介导了辐照所致内皮功能损伤。Heavy ion beam has many characteristics,and it is expected to be the most suitable radiation therapy technique for malignant tumor. It is lack of depth-understanding on the potential adverse reactions caused by using this technique, because heavy ion radiotherapy is applied to clinical for a short time. Studies have shown that the vascular injury plays a pivotal role in normal tissue damage induced in the conventional radiation therapy, but there was no research report on heavy ion beam irradiation-induced vascular injury. In the present study, the isolated aortic rings of rats were irradiated by 12C6+ ion beam (300 MeV/u, 0.5 Gy/min) delivered by HIRFL(Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou), the effects of 12C6+ ion beam irradiation on aortic rings with endothelium dependent diastolic function have been investigated.NBT reduction method was used for assaying the vascular ring formation of superoxide anion (O2􀀀) level, and the involvement of superoxide anion in endothelial function injury in rats was investigated through the intervention test of exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) on O2. The results showed that, the vascular endothelial dependent vasodilation was impaired significantly (P < 0:01 vs control group) by irradiation with 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 Gy 12C6+ ion beam in a dosedependent manner, and the NBT reduction of vascular rings increased dose-dependently (P <0.05 at 4.0 Gy, P <0.01 at 6.0 Gy vs control group). Adding exogenous SOD before irradiation could significantly inhibit the increasing of NBT reduction (P<0.01), and also had protective effect on vascular endothelium dependent diastolic function (P<0.01), but 10 min after irradiation with exogenous SOD, its protective function was significantly less than before. Conclusion indicated that 12C6+ ion beam irradiation could cause endothelial function impaired, O2􀀀 scavenger SOD has a protective effect on endothelial dysfunction, suggesting that O2􀀀 mediates endothelial injury induced by heavy ion irradiation.     

~(188)Re内照射肝癌(H_(22))剂量与组织病理学评价

对建立的肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠实体瘤体局部注射188Re后,采用CRCR-15型核素测量仪分别测定1和24h瘤体内放射性计数,计算188Re注入瘤体内24h内照射吸收剂量以及放射性滞留率。188Re-S注射至肿瘤内后,1和24h放射性药物滞留要高于单纯188Re注射液,188Re-S(0.1mCi)和(0.2mCi)组24h瘤体内照射剂量分别为159.78和361.52Gy。病理学检查结果:(1)模型组,瘤细胞生长旺盛,肿瘤内新生微血管丰富;(2)治疗组,瘤组织生长受到不同程度的抑制,瘤细胞生长稀疏,微血管减少,坏死区由瘤组织外周向中心渐进。电镜观察显示,188Re-S(0.1mCi)治疗组可见肿瘤组织细胞凋亡小体。将188Re-S置入小肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠实体瘤局部,在肿瘤局部形成高活度放射性聚集区,起到靶向治疗肿瘤作用的同时,可减少全身用量,以降低毒副作用。     

12C6+离子束辐照番茄种子当代效应

利用辐射能量为80 MeV/u 的12C6+重离子束辐照番茄种子, 辐照剂量分别为30, 60, 90, 120和160 Gy研究其对番茄M1代的生物学效应。结果表明, 随着辐照剂量的增大, 番茄的发芽率和成苗率降低, 且成苗率明显低于发芽率, 发现辐照损伤主要抑制了根的生长; MDA和脯氨酸含量变化的总体趋势为随着辐照剂量的增大先升后降再升高, 说明高剂量C离子辐照对生物膜造成更严重的损伤; APX活性随着辐照剂量的增大呈先升后降再升高的趋势, 表明APX在清除活性氧中起主要作用; POD和SOD活性的总体趋势是随着辐照剂量的增大而降低, 且明显低于对照组。综合分析表明, 12C6+重离子束辐照番茄种子, 对M1代具有明显的损伤效应, 高剂量辐照对番茄种子造成的损伤更大, 使酶的活性降低, 抑制植株生长。 To investigate the M1 biological effects of heavy ions irradiation on Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., its seeds were irradiated by 12C6+heavy ions (80 MeV/u) with the dosages of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 160 Gy respectively . The results showed that with doses increased gradually, germination rate and seedling rate of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. were decreased, and the latter was lower than the former, mainly due to the inhibition of root growth. The irradiation increased the content of MDA and proline evidently, showing irradiation could damage biomembrane, and also decreased the activities of POD and SOD with distinct inhibition pattern. However, the low dose and high dose irradiation promoted APX activity, illustrating APX was induced to protect irradiation injury. In brief, exposure to 12C6+ heavy ions had obvious injury effects on the seeds of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.. Heavy ions irradiation damaged biomembrane, inhibited activities of enzymes, and finally inhibited the growth of the first generation of these seeds.     

低能N+ 离子预处理对水稻UV-B辐射的当代损伤效应的影响

采用3种不同注量的N离子对供试材料进行了离子注入预处理, 再用10.08 kJ/(m2d1)增强UV-B辐射对其幼苗进行辐照试验, 测定了过氧化物酶（POD）活性、 过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、 过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性、 丙二醛（MDA）含量、 还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量和可溶性糖含量的变化。 研究结果表明: 经N离子注入预处理的水稻材料受到UV-B辐射时其POD和SOD活性明显升高, 并在注量为2.0×1017 ions/cm2时活性达到最强; CAT活性和MDA含量明显降低, GSH含量显著增加, 而可溶性糖的含量则变化程度很小。 从这些研究结果可以看出, 经过一定注量离子注入预处理的水稻材料当受到UV B辐射时能产生较强的抗氧化能力和防御能力,而且抗氧化系统优于碳水化合物系统而先于表达。 由此可见, 离子注入预处理对水稻UV-B辐射的生物学效应的影响相当明显。 The seedlings of rice (xindao18) were exposed to UV B (10.08 kJ/(m2d1 )) irradiation follo wing the pretreatment with three different implantation dosages of low energy N+ ions. Changes in the levels of the superoxide (POD),superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA),glutathione (GSH) and soluble sugar were measured. The result showed that the UV-B irradiation on the seedlings of rice pretreated with low energy ions implantation could lead to increase activities in POD and SOD,and the maximum appeared on the dose of 2.0×1017 ions/cm2. Meanwhile,it made the content of GSH increased, and caused the activity of CAT and the content of MDA to be decreased. But there was no obvious change in soluble sugar. It was suggested that the rice pretreated by low energy ion implantation could enhance the antioxidation capacity and defensive ability when irradiated by UV-B, and the antioxidation system could be induced earlier than carbohydrate system. Therefore, the biological effects of UV-B irradiation on rice pretreated by low energy ion implantation were quite obvious.     

~(12)C~(6+)离子束与电子束辐照对薰衣草当代诱变效应的比较

采用100 MeV的~(12)C~(6+)离子束和1.2 MeV的电子束辐照薰衣草干种子,研究了2个品种的薰衣草干种子对不同辐射源的辐照生物学效应,以期找到薰衣草干种子的最佳诱变参数。结果表明:不论是薰衣草701还是702,经~(12)C~(6+)离子辐照后,其发芽率表现为先增大后减小的趋势;经电子束辐照后,发芽率随着剂量的升高而降低,电子束辐照后的发芽率要低于~(12)C~(6+)离子束。另外,2个品种的薰衣草经~(12)C~+离子辐照后,其胚轴胚根长度以及幼苗鲜重也较电子束辐照后的大。由此可知,重离子的辐照效果优于电子束的,有利于后期筛选出新的薰衣草突变株。     

12C6+离子束辐照黄花蒿干种子当代生物学效应

利用12C6+重离子束对黄花蒿干种子辐照后，利用发芽率、根长、下胚轴长和株高4个指标研究不同剂量12C6+离子束辐照对黄花蒿的生物学效应。结果表明，随着辐照剂量的增加，黄花蒿的存活率和根长都呈现逐渐降低的趋势，而下胚轴长先上升后下降，株高总体呈现下降的趋势，但在60和90 Gy同时存在矮化与增高的植株。利用SRAP （sequence related amplified polymorphism）技术对辐照后M1代的黄花蒿植株进行研究，结果表明对照组和处理组之间的差异体现为特异性条带的变化。综合分析表明，12C6+的重离子辐照黄花蒿干种子可以产生显著的当代损伤效应，同时引起植物DNA的多态性变化。     

12C6+离子对阿维链霉菌累进辐照诱变效应研究

选用12C6+ 离子束对阿维链霉菌诱变选育高产菌株与原始菌株进行辐照诱变, 研究其累进辐照效应。实验结果表明,在辐照剂量为10 Gy时, 原始菌株比诱变高产菌株存活率高, 抗辐射能力强;辐照剂量高于30 Gy时,诱变高产菌株比原始菌株存活率高, 抗辐射能力强。原始菌株正突变率最高的辐照剂量为50 Gy, 致死率99.43%,正突变率最高, 达34.2%;对诱变高产菌株辐照剂量为30 Gy,致死率94.97%,正突变率最高, 达23.5% 。累进辐照效应降低了最佳辐照剂量。 Mutagenic effect on the mutant high producing strain ZJAV Y1 203 and the original strain ZJAV A1 irradiated by ion beam of 12C6+ have been investigated. The experimental results indicated that the original strain has higher survival rate and stronger resistance to radiation than mutant high producing Strain at dose of 10 Gy. The mutant high producing strain has higher survival rate and stronger resistance to radiation than the original strain at the dose higher than 30 Gy. The lethality was 97% and the highest rate of orthomutation was 34.2%, when ZJAV A1 was irradiated by 50 Gy 12C6+ beam. The lethality was 94.97% and the highest rate of orthomutation was 23.5% when ZJAV Y1 203 was irradiated by 30 Gy 12C6+ beam. The best radiation dose is decreased by progressivity irradiation.     

羧甲基-β-1,3-葡聚糖对人肝癌HepG2细胞的放射增敏作用

本研究旨在探讨羧甲基-β-1，3葡聚糖（CMG）对人肝癌HepG2细胞X射线或12C6+离子束辐射敏感性的影响。首先用CCK-8法检测CMG对HepG2细胞的生长抑制情况，得到半数抑制浓度（IC50）为120.6μg/mL。用浓度为0.1×IC50的CMG预处理HepG2细胞24 h，再给予2 Gy X射线或12C6+离子束辐照（CMG+辐照组）；CMG未处理组直接接受2 Gy X射线或12C6+离子束辐照（辐照组）。对比分析辐照组和CMG+辐照组细胞的克隆存活、DNA损伤、凋亡与周期分布、细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平。发现:与X射线辐照组相比，相同剂量的12C6+离子辐照组克隆存活率更小，DNA损伤和周期阻滞更加严重，细胞凋亡率和细胞内ROS水平也更高。与单独X射线或12C6+离子束辐照组相比，CMG+辐照组克隆存活率明显降低，细胞凋亡率随辐照后CMG作用时间的延长而明显增加，CMG使辐照后细胞内ROS维持在一个较高的水平，同时CMG明显加重了单独辐照诱导的DNA损伤和周期阻滞。结果表明，与X射线相比，HepG2细胞对相同剂量的12C6+离子辐射更敏感；CMG可增加HepG2细胞对X射线或12C6+离子辐射的敏感性；CMG可能通过增加受照HepG2细胞内的ROS水平，加剧辐照诱导的DNA损伤，促进辐射诱导细胞凋亡而起到辐射增敏作用。This study aims to investigate the effect of carboxymethy-β-1, 3-glucan (CMG) on the sensitivity of human hepatoma HepG2 cells to X-rays or 12C6+ ions irradiation. First, the inhibitory effect of CMG on the growth of HepG2 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 120.6 μg/mL. HepG2 cells were pretreated with CMG at a concentration of 0.1×IC50 for 24 h and then irradiated with 2 Gy X-ray or 12C6+ ion beams (CMG + irradiation group). CMG untreated group was directly irradiated by 2 Gy X-rays or 12C6+ ions beam (irradiation group). The clone survival, DNA damage, cell apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in irradiation group and CMG + irradiation group were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the clone survival rate was lower, DNA damage and cycle arrest were more serious, and the rate of apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels were higher in 12C6+ ions irradiation group than those in the same dose of X-rays irradiation group. Compared with X-rays or 12C6+ ions irradiation group, the clone survival rate of CMG + irradiation group was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate significantly increased with the prolongation of CMG treatment post-irradiation; CMG maintained intracellular ROS at a higher level after irradiation, CMG also significantly aggravated radiation-induced DNA damage and cycle arrest. These results indicated that HepG2 cells were more sensitive to 12C6+ ions radiation than those at the same dose of X-rays. CMG increased the sensitivity of HepG2 cells to X-rays or 12C6+ ions irradiation by increasing intracellular ROS level, exacerbating radiation-induced DNA damage and promoting radiation-induced apoptosis in irradiated HepG2 cells.     

12C6+离子束辐照菘蓝干种子当代效应

利用兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL) 提供的12C6+ 离子束辐照菘蓝干种子(辐照剂量为10,35,60,90 和140 Gy,剂量率20 Gy/min),探讨了重离子束辐照对菘蓝M1代的生物学效应。研究发现,不同剂量的12C6+ 离子束辐照后,菘蓝种子的发芽率、成苗率、株高、根长和根冠比等生物学性状以及对菘蓝中靛玉红和4(3H) 喹唑酮含量均发生了变化,其中株高和根长随辐照剂量的增加而降低;菘蓝叶和根中的4(3H) 喹唑酮和靛玉红的含量随辐照剂量增加呈马鞍形增加关系。这表明:12C6+ 重离子束辐照菘蓝种子具有明显的当代损伤效应, 并可显著提高菘蓝中靛玉红和4(3H) 喹唑酮的含量,其辐照适宜诱变剂量为35 Gy。To investigate the M1 biological effects of heavy ions on Isatis indigotica Fort, its dry seeds were irradiated by 12C6+ beam with the dose of 0, 10, 35, 60, 90 and 140 Gy respectively,at the rate of 20 Gy/min delivered by the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL). The results showed that biological characters such as germinating rate, germinating potential, survival rate, plant height, root height and root-shoot ratio were changed after irradiation. Moreover, the plant height and root height decreased in a dos dependent manner. The indirubin and 4(3H) quinazolinone content of Isatis indigotica Fort was improved and exhibited obviously “saddle” trends with irradiation dose increasing.Data suggest that exposure with low-dose 12C6+ to seeds of Isatis indigotica Fort has obvious injury effects at the first generation, and the active ingredient content of Isatis indigotica Fort may be improved by carbon ion beamirradiation. It is concluded that the suitable irradiation dose of mutation breeding is 35 Gy for the seeds of Isatis indigotica Fort.     

12C6+束辐照引起的实验猪皮肤急性损伤反应的研究

探讨了正常皮肤对重离子辐照急性损伤反应的耐受性, 为重离子治癌临床应用提供安全性检测的实验依据。实验前10 min, 实验猪肌肉注射复方氯胺酮1.2 mg/kg进行麻醉, 然后在兰州重离子研究装置（HIRFL）辐照终端利用12C6+束照射, 辐照剂量分别为0, 12, 21和27 Gy, 辐照分3次完成, 剂量率约为1.2 Gy/min, Bragg峰区照射, 辐照后每隔7 d对照射野拍照并活检取样, 做HE组织病理学观察。不同剂量12C6+离子束辐照实验猪皮肤后, 皮肤外观反应随辐照剂量增大而加快, 表现为肿胀和色素沉积等; 皮肤组织结构的变化明显, 上皮细胞排列紊乱、 萎缩、 空泡变性; 基本恢复正常所需时间也越长, 且都存在明显的剂量效应关系。结果表明, 辐照剂量范围为0—27 Gy时, 重离子对正常皮肤的辐照是安全的。The tolerance of the normal skin to the acute radiation injury reaction induced by heavy ion beams has been studied experimentally. The experimental pigs were injected with 1.2 mg/kg ketamine in 10 min before irradiation and were irradiated with 0, 12 , 21 and 27 Gy 12C6+ ion at a dose rate of 1.2 Gy/min at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou（HIRFL）. The total radiation dose was finished by 3 times at Bragg Peak Region of Heavy Ion Beams.The radiation fields of skin were taken photo and performed biopsy. The contaneous tissues of radiation fields were stained by HE and examined histopatholo gical changes every seven days after irradiation. The results indicated that the cutaneous appearance reaction became more faster with radiation dosage rising and presented with swollen, melanin forming and so on after irradiated by the carbon ions at different dosage. The Pathological examination showed noticeable changes in histological and structural of experimental pigs skin, such as atrophy, vacuolation, denaturation and arranged irregularly in epithelial cells. Furthermore, the time for return to normality became longer with the increasing of radiation dosage. All indexes demonstrated correlation between the does and effects. It is concluded that the irradiation of heavy ion beams to normal skin is security when the radiation dose range is about 0—27 Gy.