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1.
采用二维相关光谱(2D-COS)技术,以氘代氯仿为溶剂,解析了丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮标准品的近红外光谱(NIR)。丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮二维相关切片谱在1 600~1 800,1 900~2 230和2 300~2 400 nm处有特征吸收,其中丹参酮ⅡA在1 640和2 140 nm处有不同于隐丹参酮的呋喃环双键一级倍频和组合频吸收,1 696 nm为丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮分子中甲基伸缩振动二级倍频,1 726和1 740 nm处吸收为丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮环己烯亚甲基伸缩振动二级倍频,2 146和2 220 nm为丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮苯环C—C伸缩振动与C—H伸缩振动的组合频,2 300~2 400 nm处一系列峰为丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮甲基伸缩振动与弯曲振动组合频吸收。以丹参酮提取物为载体,以丹参酮ⅡA和隐丹参酮光谱解析特征波段及组合间隔偏最小二乘(SiPLS)筛选特征波段分别建立偏最小二乘(PLS)定量模型,模型的决定系数R2均大于0.9,校正均方根误差(root mean of square error of calibration, RMSEC)和交叉验证均方根误差(RMSECV),预测均方根误差(RMSEP)均较小。结果表明,2D-COS技术解析特征波段与SiPLS波段筛选所建PLS模型均稳定。2D-COS技术使近红外定量模型更具解释性,可解析出结构差异特征吸收,同一波段可实现结构类似物的同时定量测定。  相似文献   

2.
基于GA和CARS的真空包装冷却羊肉细菌菌落总数高光谱检测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在光谱建模过程中,采用不同的变量筛选算法进行光谱特征波段的提取已成为提高模型效果的重要方法。以真空包装的冷却羊肉细菌菌落总数作为研究指标,比较了两种变量筛选算法对其高光谱偏最小二乘(partial least squares,PLS)模型效果的影响。研究提取了样品肌肉感兴趣区域(ROIs)的羊肉光谱并进行预处理,进而采用遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)和竞争性自适应重加权法(competitive adaptive reweighted sampling,CARS)分别对预处理后的473~1 000 nm范围光谱进行特征波段的提取,对比分析了不同波段下羊肉细菌菌落总数的GA-PLS,CARS-PLS和全波段PLS(W-PLS)模型效果。结果表明,GA-PLS和CARS-PLS的模型效果均优于W-PLS,且CARS-PLS模型效果最好,其校正集的决定系数(R_c~2)和均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSEC)分别为0.96和0.29,交互验证的决定系数(R_(cv)~2)和均方根误差(root mean square errorof cross validation,RMSECV)分别为0.92和0.46,预测集的决定系数(R_p~2)和均方根误差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)分别为0.92和0.47,预测相对分析误差(relative prediction deviation,RPD)为3.58。因此利用高光谱图像技术结合CARS-PLS可以实现羊肉细菌菌落总数快速无损准确检测。  相似文献   

3.
利用三维同步荧光光谱法获取不同氧化状态下的葵花籽油荧光光谱数据,同时采集葵花籽油品质指标。运用平行因子法对三维同步荧光光谱矩阵进行降维处理,通过iPLS(interval partial least squares),BiPLS(backward interval partial least squares)和SiPLS(synergy interval partial least squares)模式识别方法进行数学建模。结果表明:波长差Δλ=50 nm时,样品同步荧光光谱具有显著差异,筛选用于数学建模初始数值。不同模式识别方法建模结果显示,iPLS,BiPLS和SiPLS法所得校正集模型和预测集模型的相关系数分别为0.908 3,0.961 2,0.954 5和0.872 3,0.925 2,0.852 5,交互验证均方根误差分别为0.050 3,0.033 1,0.035 9和0.073 3,0.054 1,0.065 5,比较发现采用BiPLS法建模效果最好。该研究将为葵花籽油品质快速辨别提供理论基础和技术支持,为其他食用油脂的快速检测提供方法指导。  相似文献   

4.
为探寻一种快速可靠的分析方法用于橄榄油中掺杂煎炸老油含量的测定,实验采用可见和近红外透射光谱分析技术结合区间偏最小二乘法(interval partial least squares,iPLS)、联合区间偏最小二乘法(synergy interval partial least squares,SiPLS)和反向区间偏最小二乘法(backward interval partial least squares,BiPLS),对掺杂不同含量煎炸老油的橄榄油建模分析,并对不同模型比较优选。采集样品400~2500 nm范围内的光谱,对光谱数据进行Savitzky-Golay(SG)平滑去噪。剔除奇异样本后,采用sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distance(SPXY)法划分样本集,以不同的iPLS优选建模区域,建立煎炸老油含量预测模型。结果表明:对掺杂不同含量煎炸大豆油的橄榄油,采用划分20个区间,选择2个子区间[4,16]建立的SiPLS模型预测效果最好,相关系数(R_p)达0.998 9,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)为0.019 2。对掺杂不同含量煎炸花生油的橄榄油,采用划分20个区间,选择2个子区间[2,16]组合建立的SiPLS和BiPLS模型具有相同的预测效果,预测均方根误差(RMSEF)为0.0120,均优于iPLS模型。此外,与SiPLS模型相比,BiPLS模型运算量少,速度快。由此可见,基于掺杂油样品的可见和近红外透射光谱,分别采用组合区间偏最小二乘法(SiPLS)和反向区间偏最小二乘法(BiPLS)优选建模光谱区域,可以对橄榄油中掺杂煎炸大豆油和煎炸花生油含量进行准确测定。而且,实验过程无需对掺杂油样品进行预处理,无环境污染,操作简单,快速无损。  相似文献   

5.
探索了以声光可调滤波器(acousto-optic tunable filter,AOTF)为分光器件的新一代近红外(NIR)光谱仪用于气体检测的可行性,并提出一种多组分混合气体近红外光谱分析的新方法.将一个自制的气室与AOTF-NIR光谱仪配接,从而实现了当前仅限于固体和液体检测的AOTF-NIR光谱仪对气体的检测.实验首先获取并比较了甲烷在不同浓度下的近红外光谱.结果显示,当浓度大于0.1%时,甲烷的吸光度明显地随其浓度的增加而增加.随后参照仪器对甲烷的检测低限设计了甲烷、乙烷和丙烷三组分混合气体样本,并采集了它们的近红外光谱.三种组分气体的定鼍分析模型由核偏最小二乘(kernel partial least squares,KPLS)回归法建立,模型的预测能力采用检验集的预测均方根误差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)评定.与偏最小二乘(PLS)回归分析效果的对比研究表明,KPLS回归较PLS回归在NIR光谱数据的分析上更具优越性.  相似文献   

6.
近红外漫反射光谱和紫外吸收光谱分别用于燃油的辛烷值和单芳香族化合物含量的测定,偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)用于光谱多元校正模型的构建。基于互信息(mutual infor-mation,MI)理论的变量筛选方法用于模型优化以提高模型的预测精度,降低模型的复杂度。结果表明,MI-PLSR可以有效的提高燃油品质模型的预测精度,简化分析模型。辛烷值的预测均方根误差(root meansquare error of prediction,RMSEP)由0.288减小为0.111,预测相关系数R从0.985提高到0.998,建模变量由401减小为112;单芳香族化合物含量的RMSEP从0.753减小为0.478,R由0.996提高为0.998,建模变量由572缩减为37。说明振动光谱结合MI-PLSR方法可用于燃油品质检测,具有高效率低成本的特点。  相似文献   

7.
多元散射校正预处理波段对近红外光谱定标模型的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用近红外光谱对非均匀样品进行分析时,所得样品光谱中包含由光散射导致的干扰信息,通常需要借助多元散射校正算法(multiple scattering correction,MSC)对光谱进行预处理。由于不同波段光谱中所包含的散射信息、噪声水平、基线漂移程度等存在差异,利用MSC方法对光谱进行预处理时,基于不同波段的光谱数据会得到不同的校正结果,进而影响所得定标模型的可靠性。以60个全麦粉样品为研究对象,确定定标区间后,对包含定标区间的不同波段的原始光谱分别进行MSC处理,并利用固定区间内的光谱数据结合偏最小二乘回归(partial least square regression,PLSR)方法建立分析样品中蛋白质含量的定标模型,研究了MSC光谱预处理波段对定标模型的影响,并对MSC光谱预处理波段进行了优化,使定标模型的相关系数由0.96提高到0.98,交互验证均方根误差(root mean squares error of cross validation,RMSECV)由0.37%降低到0.32%。结果表明:利用MSC方法对样品光谱预处理时,光谱预处理波段会影响多元散射校正对光谱中非化学吸收信息的校正能力,确定合适的预处理波段是获得可靠分析结果的一个前提条件。  相似文献   

8.
A hyperspectral imaging system is developed to detect dichlorvos residue on the surface of navel orange.After acquiring hyperspectral images of 400 navel oranges,the actual content of dichlorvos residue is measured by gas chromatography.Optimal wavelengths are extracted using the regression coefficients of partial least squares (PLS),and a PLS model with 12 factors is established.In the prediction set of 0.2282 11.652-mg/kg pesticide residue,the correlation coefficient and the root mean standard error are 0.8320 and 1.3416,respectively.The hyperspectral imaging technology can meet the requirement of online fast nondestructive detection.  相似文献   

9.
采用傅里叶变换近红外光谱仪结合积分球附件对20个液体咖啡样品以漫反射方式采集近红外光谱,分别针对速溶咖啡、植脂末、糖建立定量校正模型。结果表明,速溶咖啡、植脂末、糖的模型因子数分别为4,5和4;测定系数(R2)分别为98.97%,99.94%和99.18%;校正均方根误差(root mean square error ofcalibration,RMSEC)分别为1.62,0.42和1.58;交互验证均方根误差(root mean square error of cross vali-dation,RMSECV)分别为2.12,0.72和2.01;F检验结果表明,三个模型的预测值-化学值之间存在极显著的相关关系。研究表明,近红外光谱法可以快速、准确地对液体咖啡中的三种主要成分同时进行定量测定,可为液体咖啡质量控制以及液体配方食品中具有一定组成的混合物的定量测定提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

10.
分别利用中红外(mid-infrared,MIR)、近红外(near-infrared,NIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)采集了31种不同比例的低密度聚乙烯/聚丙烯(LDPE/PP)共混物样本的光谱,利用偏最小二乘法(partial least-square,PLS)建立了光谱数据与LDPE含量的模型,研究了不同光谱范围和预处理方法对模型准确性的影响,并比较了三种光谱定量测量的准确性。结果表明,对于光谱差异小、存在噪音或基线干扰的谱图,预处理方法和光谱范围对模型的准确性均有较大的影响;经过三种预处理以及选择合适的光谱范围建立的模型决定系数(R2)分别从未处理前的0.887 6,0.849 3和0.875 7提升到0.990 6,0.997 3和0.997 2,校正均方根误差(root mean square error of calibration,RMSEC)则分别从10.15,11.75和10.67降低到2.941,1.561和1.598;三种光谱在经过预处理之后均能够较好地定量测量LDPE的含量,NIR和Raman模型准确性更高,由于两者的测量速度快,因此尤其适合于进行快速、准确的定量测量。  相似文献   

11.
Various barium strontium titanate borosilicate glasses were prepared by a rapid melt-quench technique. Spectroscopic studies have been carried out on investigated glasses for their structural information. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies showed that these glasses are formed by glass-forming network of borate and silicate as well as network modifiers in the form of cations of alkaline earth atoms. The borate and silicate networks are modified by barium, strontium, titanium, and iron cations in glass matrix. The network of triborate unit is modified in tetraborate unit by adding ferric oxide in a glassy matrix. The optical studies are performed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and it confirms that the band gap decreases with increase in the concentration of ferric oxide.  相似文献   

12.
In this article, the historical development of spectroscopy is examined and the spectroscopy devices used today are described. Then, we focus on infrared (IR) spectroscopy, which cannot give valuable signal in aqueous solution. Attenuated total reflection (ATR)-IR technique solves the problem. In addition, we specifically mention newly developed disposable ATR-IR crystals and micromachined silicon (Si) ATR-IR. Disposable crystal systems and microfluidics systems can be integrated with existing miniature ATR analyzers. If the integration is successful, the technique might be used in biomedical measuring instruments, reactions' analyses, and ultra-high-pressure analyses.  相似文献   

13.
一种实现光声光谱的导数光谱的新方法   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
提出了一种实现光声光谱的导数光谱的新方法,为了获得光声光谱的导数光谱,利用一台单色仪和一个分光棱镜研制成一个波长-光强分束器,并用这个波长-光强分束器同时获得两束光强相等而波长有微小差别的两束光,这两束光经过一个互补调制器调制后在光声探测器内叠加,可以实现光声信号的差分,扫描单色仪的波长,就可以获得光声吸收光谱的导数光谱。实验证明这种方法可以准确实现光声光谱的一阶导数光谱,而且导数光声光谱比光声吸收光谱具有更高的光谱分辨率。  相似文献   

14.
激光长程吸收光谱法测量高分辨率大气吸收光谱   总被引:11,自引:7,他引:4  
用脉冲可调谐光参量振荡器作光源 ,使用光程长达 1km的 8m长吸收池 ,采用分时复用的单探测器探测方法 ,组成测量系统 ,测量了一系列高分辨率的模拟和实际大气的吸收光谱。系统的灵敏度为 0 .5× 10 - 6cm- 1 ,分辨率为 0 .0 2cm- 1 。 1.315 μm附近实际大气的吸收光谱与HITRAN96模拟结果比较 ,强线符合得很好。水汽光谱的大多数强线的分子线强度相对误差在 10 %以下。  相似文献   

15.
Abstract: In the analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon–contaminated soils for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the roles of spectroscopic and nonspectroscopic techniques are inseparable. Therefore, spectroscopic techniques cannot be discussed in isolation. In this report, spectroscopic techniques including Raman, fluorescence, infrared, and visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopies, as well as mass spectroscopy (coupled to a gas chromatograph) and nonspectroscopic techniques such as gravimetry, immunoassay, and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection are reviewed. To bridge the perceived gap in coverage of the quantitative applications of Vis-NIR spectroscopy in the rapid determination of TPHs and PAHs in soils, a detailed review of studies from the period 1999–2012 are presented. This report also highlights the strengths and limitations of these techniques and evaluates their performance from the perspective of their attributes of general applicability, namely economic portability, operational time, accuracy, and occupational health and safety considerations. Overall, the fluorescence spectroscopic technique had the best performance (85% total score) in comparison to the others, and the gravimetric technique performed the least (60% total score). Method-specific solutions geared toward performance improvement are also suggested.  相似文献   

16.
磁旋转腔增强光谱技术   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
为了提高吸收光谱的探测灵敏度,在弱吸收或短光程吸收的情况下实现高灵敏探测,将腔增强光谱技术与磁旋转光谱技术有效地结合起来,发展了高灵敏的磁旋转腔增强吸收光谱技术,并通过测量O2 的三重禁戒跃迁谱线验证了该技术的探测灵敏度。实验采用环型增强腔,以避免光束的返回对激光器的干扰。给出了腔的耦合匹配条件,以及镜面反射率、腔损耗对增强因子的影响;同时也给出了在实验中对光谱信号的处理方法。测量结果表明,在谐振腔精细度为F=48,腔内总损耗为13%,以及腔镜的耦合效率为 95%的情况下,对 O2 分子最小相对吸收度约为4.5×10-8(1 s积分时间)。  相似文献   

17.
The rotational spectra of the deuterium cyanide isotopic species DCN, D13CN, DC15N, and D13C15N were recorded in the vibrational ground and first excited bending state (v2=1) up to 2 THz. The R-branch transitions from J=3←2 to J=13←12 were measured with sub-Doppler resolution. These very high resolution (∼70 kHz) and precise (±3-10 kHz) saturation dip measurements allowed for resolving the underlying hyperfine structure due to the 14N nucleus in DCN and D13CN for transitions as high as J=10←9. Additional high JR-branch (J=25←24 to J=28←27) transitions around 2 THz and direct l-type (ΔJ=0, J=19 to J=25) transitions from 66 to 118 GHz were recorded in Doppler-limited resolution. For the ground state of D13C15N, the J=1←0 transition was measured for the first time. The transition frequency accuracies for the other deuterated species were significantly improved. These new experimental data, together with the available infrared rovibrational data and previously measured direct l-type transitions, were subjected to a global least squares analysis for each isotopomer. This yielded precise sets of molecular constants for the ground and first excited vibrational states, including the nuclear quadrupole and magnetic spin-rotation coupling constants of the 14N nucleus for DCN and D13CN. The hyperfine structure due to the D, 13C, and 15N nuclei have not been resolved, but led to a broadening of the observed saturation dips.  相似文献   

18.
The pure rotational spectra of the ground and five excited vibrational states of pyridine were measured, assigned and fit in the 75-110 and 260-370 GHz frequency bands. An improved set of spectroscopic constants was obtained for the ground state, and all the rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants were obtained for the excited vibrational states.  相似文献   

19.
本文测定了SnO A'Ⅱ-X'∑~+(ν′=4←ν″=0)的激光感生荧光(LIF),同时标识了光谱中SN~(118)O和Sn~(120)O归属的转动结构,首次报道了同位素位移对光谱中微扰中心的影响,并用Kovacs方法对微扰特性作为分析。  相似文献   

20.
Previous work involving the rotational spectrum of aniline was limited to the lower frequencies of 8-40 GHz with very few lines being assigned. This work extends the earlier studies. Here we present a much more extensive measurement and assignment of the rotational spectrum of aniline in the frequency range of 75-110 GHz. The observed frequencies have been assigned to the ground (0+), first (0), and second excited (1+) states in the inversion vibration. With the newly assigned lines, significantly improved rotational constants and all five centrifugal distortion constants have been obtained.  相似文献   

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