激光辐照热力耦合问题的相似性

 由量纲理论出发，分析了激光辐照热力耦合理论的无量纲化基本方程组。在一定的近似条件下，导出了激光辐照热力耦合问题的一般相似性准则，该相似准则不受与温度相关的材料特性的约束。在此基础上给出了强激光辐照充压圆柱壳体热力效应的缩比方法，并对一组实例进行了计算，得到了缩比模型与原型结果几乎完全相似的结论。理论分析与数值计算表明，激光辐照热力耦合问题在合理的近似下满足相似律。     

A scaling formalism for the representation of rotational energy transfer in OH (A 2Σ+) in combustion experiments

In order to predict spectra and temporal decays of the OH radical measured by Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF), the collisional energy transfer between different quantum states must be taken into account. At the elevated temperatures relevant for combustion studies, the large number of interacting quantum states and corresponding state-to-state energy transfer coefficients precludes the experimental measurement of all necessary information for the appropriate mixtures of colliders. Therefore, a scaling procedure has been devised which allows the representation of the matrix of Rotational Energy Transfer (RET) coefficients on the basis of measured data with four scaling coefficients. The scaling coefficients have been determined by comparison of the calculated RET rates with available measured data. The mathematical formalism for the scaling law - the ECS-EP law - is based on the Energy Corrected Sudden (ECS) law and includes an Exponential Power law (EP) for the representation of the basis coefficients.     

Multiple-plateau structure and scaling relation in photoelectron spectra of high-order above-threshold ionization

By developing a full quantum scattering theory of high-order above-threshold ionization,we study the energy spectra and the angular distributions of photoelectrons from atoms with intense laser fields shining on them.We find that real rescattering can occur many times,and even infinite times.The photoelectrons from the rescattering process form a broad plateau in the kinetic-energy spectrum.We further disclose a multiple-plateau structure formed by the high-energy photoelectrons,which absorb many photons during the rescattering process.Moreover,we find that both the angular distributions and the kinetic-energy spectra of photoelectrons obey the same scaling law as that for directly emitted photoelectrons.     

约束模式,普适定标与局部反常热导

从温度剖面不变性出发,利用两个机制独立的局部反常热导系数,从能量约束的观点对托卡马克等离子体存在多种约束模式给出一个统一的解释,并相应地得到了对各种模式普适的能量约束时间定标准。当应用到具体模式时,所得普适定标准与基于实验资料的相应定标律符合得相当好。     

High brightness keV harmonics from relativistically oscillating plasma surfaces

X-ray harmonic radiation extending to 3.3 Å, 3.8 keV from Petawatt class laser-solid interactions is presented. The harmonic spectra display a relativistic limit scaling up to ~3000th order, above which an intensity dependent scaling roll-over is observed. Highly directional beamed emission for harmonic photon energy hν > 1 keV is found to be into a cone angle < 4°, significantly less than that of the incident laser cone (20°).     

HT-6M中性注入加热电荷交换能谱分析

用电荷交换中性粒子能谱分析的方法,研究了HT-6M托卡马克中性注入加热期间的氢离子能谱,得到了离子温度的增加。测量结果与实验定标律的估算在误差范围内相符;并与根据Fokker-Planck方程计算的注入过程中的离子能谱和温度变化进行了比较。 关键词：     

A scaling law of high-order harmonic generation

Using a nonperturbative quantum electrodynamics theory of high-order harmonic generation (HHG), a scaling law of HHG is established. The scaling law states that when the atomic binding energy E_b, the wavelength λ and the intensity I of the laser field change simultaneously to kE_b, λ/k, and k³I, respectively. The characteristics of the HHG spectrum remain unchanged, while the harmonic yield is enhanced k³ times. That HHG obeys the same scaling law with above-threshold ionization is a solid proof of the fact that the two physical processes have similar physical mechanisms. The variation of integrated harmonic yields is also discussed.     

Spectral analysis of K-shell X-ray emission of magnesium plasma produced by ultrashort high-intensity laser pulse irradiation

Spectral analysis of K-shell X-ray emission of magnesium plasma, produced by laser pulses of 45 fs duration, focussed up to an intensity of ～10¹⁸ W cm^?2, is carried out. The plasma conditions prevalent during the emission of X-ray spectrum were identified by comparing the experimental spectra with the synthetic spectra generated using the spectroscopic code PrismSPECT. It is observed that He-like resonance line emission occurs from the plasma region having sub-critical density, whereas K-α emission arises from the bulk solid heated to a temperature of 10 eV by the impact of hot electrons. K-α line from Be-like ions was used to estimate the hot electron temperature. A power law fit to the electron temperature showed a scaling of I ^0.47 with laser intensity.     

Simulation of island aggregation influenced by substrate temperature, incidence kinetic energy and intensity in pulsed laser deposition

Using kinetic Monte Carlo method, we have simulated a pulsed energetic growth process in pulsed laser deposition. During the growth of film, substrate temperature mainly influences upon film morphology by directly enhancing the adatom mobility through the temperature-dependent thermal vibration. By contrast, the effect of incidence kinetic energy on film growth is complex resulting from the collisions between the incident particles and the adatoms. The results show that improving incident kinetic energy cannot significantly accelerate the migration rate of adatom but change surface microstructure and promote single adatom formation resulting in more island aggregation density. Moreover, since pulse-influx characterizes pulsed laser deposition, the intensity per pulse contributes to the evolvement of nucleation density and the results illustrate that a general scaling law different from ordinary power law still exists in energetic growth of pulsed laser deposition.     

Laser acceleration of ion bunches at the front surface of overdense plasmas

The acceleration of ions in the interaction of high intensity laser pulses with overdense plasmas is investigated with particle-in-cell simulations. For circular polarization of the laser pulses, high-density ion bunches moving into the plasma are generated at the laser-plasma interaction surface. A simple analytical model accounts for the numerical observations and provides scaling laws for the ion bunch energy and generation time as a function of pulse intensity and plasma density.     

自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的尺度律

根据质量守恒、动量守恒及能量守恒原理,建立了自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的理论模型。通过方程分析法,导出了该问题的尺度律,在此基础上给出了激光辐照液体贮箱的缩比方法,并对一组实例进行了数值计算,得到了缩比模型与原型结果完全相似的结论,模拟结果证明了该问题尺度律的成立。为验证理论模型与数值求解的正确性,本文还针对小尺度模型进行了实验研究,数值模拟结果与实验测量结果符合较好,表明理论模型可靠有效。     

激光大气闪烁的小波频谱分析

激光对数光强起伏的快速傅里叶变换功率谱的无标度区间的标度指数在许多情况下很不稳定,并且超出了理论界限,因而本文引入了离散小波变换（ＤＷＴ）频谱分析。通过对１／ｆ信号的快速傅里叶变换频谱和离散小波换频谱的对比分析,验证了离散小波变换频谱分析的优越性。激光大气闪烁的离散小波变换频谱的无标度区间的标度指数在一天内（除日出后和日落前两段时间外）的变化比较稳定,并且超出理论界限。这此结果表明,对于一般在大气     

1．053μm激光在腔靶中反常吸收和超热电子的研究

从１９９０年到１９９３年，在神光Ⅰ上我们利用多种能量卡计和谱仪，全面系统地研究了基频光在腔靶中产生的反常吸收和超热电子。实验获得了腔靶反常吸收光谱、能量和硬Ｘ光谱，给出了ＳＲＳ能谱和能量、超热电子能量和温度与激光参数和靶型的关系，证明了采用短波长激光。     

Field ionization process of Eu 4f~76snp Rydberg states

The field ionization process of the Eu 4f76 snp Rydberg states, converging to the first ionization limit, 4f76s9S4, is systematically investigated. The spectra of the Eu 4f76 snp Rydberg states are populated with three-step laser excitation, and detected by electric field ionization(EFI) method. Two different kinds of the EFI pulses are applied after laser excitation to observe the possible impacts on the EFI process. The exact EFI ionization thresholds for the 4f76 snp Rydberg states can be determined by observing the corresponding EFI spectra. In particular, some structures above the EFI threshold are found in the EFI spectra, which may be interpreted as the effect from black body radiation(BBR). Finally, the scaling law of the EFI threshold for the Eu 4f76 snp Rydberg states with the effective quantum number is built.     

A Diode-Pumped Actively Q-Switched and Injection-Seeded Tm:LuAG Laser at Room Temperature

We elaborate a diode-end-pumped actively Q-switched injection-seeded Tm:LuAG laser. To achieve power scaling with good beam quality, we construct a more flexible laser with longer cavity accommodated strongly aberrated thermal lens in a Tm:LuAG laser and took special care in designing the laser resonator. Under Q-switched operation, we achieve a maximum output energy of 2.6 mJ with a pulse width of 318.2 ns at a pulse repetition frequency of 50 Hz. To control the spectral, temporal, and phase characteristics of the Tm:LuAG laser, the ring laser is injected by a seed laser, which provides a 50 mW single longitudinal-mode laser output at a wavelength of 2,022.6 nm. We achieve an output energy of 1.8 mJ with a pulse width of 293.0 ns after employing the injection seed.     

利用轫致辐射谱回推超热电子温度

超短超强激光打靶产生的超热电子与固体靶相互作用时会产生轫致辐射X射线。利用蒙特卡罗方法,对电子在固体靶中传输产生的轫致辐射X射线进行了模拟。1 MeV电子束与固体靶作用产生的轫致辐射谱模拟结果表明,轫致辐射谱高能段斜率受靶厚度及靶材料的影响不明显。麦克斯韦分布的电子束及单能电子束与30 m铜靶作用的模拟结果显示,两种电子源产生的轫致辐射谱在电子束能量或温度较高时基本一致。给出了一种利用轫致辐射谱斜率反推超热电子温度的定标方法。模拟了不同温度下超热电子产生的轫致辐射光子的能量角分布及光子数角分布,结果显示辐射光子能量通量和光子数随着电子温度的提高越来越向前倾,并给出了另外一种由轫致辐射能量角分布反推超热电子温度的定标关系。     

Electronic structure and impurity states in GaN quantum dots

We study the electronic structure of spherical GaN quantum dots (QD's) with a substitutional acceptor impurity at the center. The size-dependent energy spectra are calculated within the sp³s* tight-binding model, which yields a good agreement with the confinement-induced blue shifts observed in undoped QD's. The acceptor binding energy is strongly enhanced in a QD and decreases with increasing size following a scaling law that extrapolates to the bulk experimental value. The size-dependent average radius of the hole orbit is also calculated. The results are in agreement with the available experimental data for Mg impurity in bulk GaN.     

Relativistic nonperturbative above-threshold phenomena in strong laser fields

Relativistic features of various nonperturbative above-threshold phenomena in strong laser fields are discussed and compared. This includes above-threshold ionization of multiply charged ions as well as pair production in an ultrastrong laser wave, superimposed with either a nuclear Coulomb field or another counterpropagating laser wave. For the probability of above-threshold pair production, a new scaling relation is given. Particular attention is paid to similarities among these processes, regarding the energy and angular spectra of the particles as well as the total reaction rates.     

Unified scaling law in the coherent noise model

The waiting time distribution between successive events and the unified scaling law is studied using the coherent noise model. It is shown that, although this model generates uncorrelated event sizes and does not exhibit criticality, it still provides the unified scaling law. We argue the role of characteristic kink observed in the unified scaling law and the meaning of the parameter C$C$ used to fix the peak of the kink to unity. Our results indicate that the parameter C$C$ is indeed a physical quantity localizing the end of the linear tendency in the scaling law, which corresponds to the completion of the dominance of correlated events in time.     

Domain Branching in Uniaxial Ferromagnets: A Scaling Law for the Minimum Energy

We address the branching of magnetic domains in a uniaxial ferromagnet. Our thesis is that branching is required by energy minimization. To show this, we consider the nonlocal, nonconvex variational problem of micromagnetics. We identify the scaling law of the minimum energy by proving a rigorous lower bound which matches the already-known upper bound. We further show that any domain pattern achieving this scaling law must have average width of order L ^2/3, where L is the length of the magnet in the easy direction. Finally we argue that branching is required, by considering the constrained variational problem in which branching is prohibited and the domain structure is invariant in the easy direction. Its scaling law is different. Received: 15 April 1998 / Accepted: 14 August 1998