厚壁径向极化压电陶瓷薄圆环的研究

本文对厚壁径向极化压电陶瓷薄圆环进行了研究,得出了振子的谐振和反谐振频率的理论方程,并用有限元法分析了和实验测试了径向振动模态,给出了理论、有限元法和实验数据的一个对比。结果表明:本文的理论较为完善,对实际运用有一定的指导意义。     

原子双光子电离截面的理论计算

我们在Hartree-Slater自洽场理论的基础上,以Cs,Xe原子为例,具体计算了其双光子电离截面。本文的理论方法可容易地应用于其它双光子过程的计算,同时还可推广到更多光子过程的计算。将计算结果和相应的实验以及其它理论结果作了比较和讨论。明确了本文理论计算的精确程度,对碱金属元素(例如Cs)本文的理论值与最近的精确实验符合得较好。 关键词：     

向列型液晶理论评述

本文评述了向列型液晶的唯象理论和微观理论。由简单的关于对称性的讨论,推得了以序参数张量为变量的唯象的Landau自由能密度展开式。然后在下列三方面阐明了Landau-deGennes理论的应用:计算了向列型—各向同性型相变的热力学性质,研究了大块向列型液晶对于外界干扰的响应,并描述了涨落和界面效应。关于向列型液晶微观理论的讨论又分为两部分,一是讨论基于位致排斥相互作用而给出的理论,另一是讨论基于分子间的吸引相互作用而给出的理论。本文将表明,虽然每一类型的理论都能阐明向列序存在的物理基础的某些方面,但没有一个理论能够全面地说明向列型液晶的状态和它向各向同性相的转变。最后,本文指出了某些尚未解决的问题及其可能的解决途径。     

三合板梁弯曲问题

一.引言 三合板的弯曲问题在航空工业上有广泛的应用。近十年来出现了不少关于这方面的理论,但是这些理论都是以線性问题观点来处理的,在实际结果与理论出入太大时,一般都认为是材料的品质和结构的缺点的问题。本文的理论分析了非線性的因素,无论是線性及由線性扩展到非線性范围;而且根据本文的理论结果得到了很好的实验证明。     

向列型液晶理论评述

本文评述了向列型液晶的唯象理论和微观理论。由简单的关于对称性的讨论,推得了以序参数张量为变量的唯象的Landau自由能密度展开式。然后在下列三方面阐明了Landau-deGennes理论的应用:计算了向列型—各向同性型相变的热力学性质,研究了大块向列型液晶对于外界干扰的响应,并描述了涨落和界面效应。关于向列型液晶微观理论的讨论又分为两部分,一是讨论基于位致排斥相互作用而给出的理论,另一是讨论基于分子间的吸引相互作用而给出的理论。本文将表明,虽然每一类型的理论都能阐明向列序存在的物理基础的某些方面,但没有一个理论能够全面地说明向列型液晶的状态和它向各向同性相的转变。最后,本文指出了某些尚未解决的问题及其可能的解决途径。     

玻尔理论的比较研究--纪念玻尔理论诞生90周年

本文回顾了玻尔理论，系统地分析了玻尔理论和经典理论、量子力学之间的联系与本质区别，简要论述了玻尔理论对物理学发展的贡献与历史地位。     

混响室内声功率发射的实验研究

本文简要论述了马大猷教授用简正波理论分析混响室内声功率测定问题所提理论。对位置函数Ｆ（ｄ）进行了实验研究。证明位置函数确实存在。理论与实验结果符合甚好。本文最后提出了进一步的实验设想。     

激光散斑测量刚体的旋转及工程应用

本文描述了激光散斑的形成,详细地讨论了激光散斑摄影技术的理论。并用散斑摄影法测定刚体的旋转,以验证理论的实用性。     

利用只读式光盘机提取磁光信息的理论及实验研究

本文以Philips VP—700为对象,利用琼斯矩阵法对只读武光盘光学系统以及光学元件进行了详细分析,提出了在只读式光盘机上实现光磁信息处理的理论模型。根据这一模型,本文进而建立了实验系统。实验结果表明理论分析正确。     

Frohlich极化子的能带非抛物性效应理论

本文对Frohlich极化子的能带非抛物性效应进行了理论研究。所使用的模型是用一个简化的双能带近似。我们发现能带非抛物性对极化子束缚能和有效质量重整化会产生影响。与早期的理论相对照,我们考虑了能带非抛物性,并附加了极化子效应。本文的理论与实验结果符合。     

Observations on lifetimes and excitation processes for the upper states in atomic helium

Lifetime observations have been made on 49 energy levels of helium. Good overall agreement with theory is obtained, with significant exceptions, the most striking of which are the 3¹D and 3³D states, where 50% discrepancies with theory and some of the older measurements are found. The new measurements are, however, in harmony with recent results using the Hanle effect.The existence of the upper-state transfer process is clearly delineated by the results for n > 6.     

Laser-induced shifts and splittings of hyperfine structure lines in electron spin resonance spectra of 35Cl atoms

Laser-induced shifts and splittings of the hyperfine structure (hfs) lines in the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of ³⁵Cl atoms have been studied using both dressed-atom theory and semiclassical dispersion theory. In resonant cases, the calculated results by the dressed-atom theory of the ac Stark effect indicate that laser-induced hfs ESR shifts of ³⁵Cl atoms in the ground state 3p^{5 2}P⁰ _3/2 can be more than 1 MHz W^?1 cm², and a single ESR hfs line is split into four lines under the action of a laser beam with intensity 10 W cm^?2. In non-resonant cases, the two theories give similar results for the shifts. The laser-induced broadening of the ESR hfs lines is also calculated and is less than the shifts. The laser-induced shifts in ESR can be observable within the resolution of ESR experiments.     

A unified theory of Stark broadening for hydrogenic ions—III: Results for He II Lyman-α

Calculations have been performed for He II Lyman-α using a previously developed theory (Papers I and II in this series) in which the effect of time-ordering in the required time development operator is retained. Representative results are given for an electron density of 10¹⁷ cm^-3 and a temperature of 40,000°K. Compared with non-time ordered results, these profiles are about 17% lower at line center and up to 16% higher in the wings. In addition, since the perturbing electron is speeded up by the Coulomb attraction, in comparison with neutral hydrogen the static results are not obtained until much further into the line wings. Comparison is also made to the calculations of Kepple for which good agreement is obtained, except near the line center where the difference approaches 25%.     

外电场中Li原子回归谱的分岔效应

半经典闭合轨道在外场和激光参数的某些值附近发生分岔，导致波函数的发散，使原有的半经典闭合轨道理论失效-计算了高激发的Li原子在标度能量为ε=-2-94，标度电场在135 -86-1/4<160-11范围内光吸收谱的Fourier变换，分析了轨道分岔现 象及其影 响，并采用了一种适用于不同能域的统一近似方法修正了分岔点附近波函数-计算中考虑了 原子实多重散射组合回归效应，并把所得回归谱与用标准半经典闭合轨道理论对Li原子及H 原子的计算结果相比较，证明了轨道分岔效应的重要性- 关键词： 分岔 统一近似 半经典闭合轨道理论 回归谱     

New results and a simple model for the anomalous power dependence of the Kapitza resistance of copper

We report a new anomalous Kapitza Resistance, much stronger than the effect previously described by Cheeke and coworkers.¹ The effect can be described using a localised heat transfer model based on the resonant heat transfer theory.^5,6     

QUANTUM EFFICIENCY AND MULTIPHONON NONRADIATIVE TRANSITION OF Er3+ IONS IN FLUORIDE GLASS

Optical absorption, emission and excitation spectra, lifetimes of ⁴S_3/2 state and ⁴F_9/2 state from 10K to 500K, and Raman spectra were measured for Er³⁺ ions in fluoride glass. The radiative transition probabilities were calculated on the basis of Judd-Ofelt theory. The nonradiative transition probabilities and the quantum efficiencies were determined by calculating the difference between the measured lifetimes and the calculated radiative transition probabilities. The temperature dependence of nonradiative transition provavility was investigated using the Huang-Rhys theory of multiphonon relaxation , in which two kinds of phonons as well as the parameter s were taken into consideration. A fairly good agreement of the theoretical calculation with the experimental results has been obtained. The value of s is estimated and the effect of s is discussed.     

One-dimensional quantum theory of the pomeron

The scattering amplitude, originated by the sum over all multi-pomeron exchanges, is evaluated in the zero-slope limit by solving a one-dimensional quantum field theory. In the classical limit, the theory gives back the tree-diagram results obtained in a preceding paper. The constant cross sections obtained in that case for a pomeron with intercept larger than one, are modified only at ultra-asymptotic energies by quantum effects. In the one-dimensional theory, this modification gives rise to cross sections behaving as s^?ΔE where ΔE is a small quantity generated by a tunnel effect.     

Large-eddy simulations of fluid and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence using renormalized parameters

In this paper a procedure for large-eddy simulation (LES) has been devised for fluid and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in Fourier space using the renormalized parameters. The parameters calculated using field theory have been taken from recent papers by Verma [1,2]. We have carried out LES on 64³ grid. These results match quite well with direct numerical simulations of 128³. We show that proper choice of parameter is necessary in LES.     

The lamb shift in helium from a self-consistent field theory of electrodynamics

In this paper we present the results of an investigation of the finite self-consistent field theory of electrodynamics applied earlier to the calculation of the Lamb shift in hydrogen (Sachs & Schwebel, 1961; Sachs, 1972), now applied to the problem of the Lamb shift in the low-lying states of Helium. We construct the covariant nonlinear field equations of this theory for Helium, from the Lagrangian formalism. In the linear approximation, the Hamiltonian associated with this field theory for the two-electron atom is set up. It is equivalent to the Breit Hamiltonian plus two extra terms. This generalization is a direct consequence of the two-component spinor formalism of the factorization of the Maxwell theory of electromagnetism that is contained in this theory of electrodynamics (Sachs, 1971). Thus, the energy spectrum predicted for the Helium atom is the spectrum predicted by the Breit Hamiltonian, shifted by amounts in the different energy states according to the effects of the extra terms in the Hamiltonian. The latter can be associated with the corrections to the Helium spectrum that are conventionally attributed to the Lamb shift. The level shifts for the 1¹ S and 2³ S states are calculated using the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, with the generalization of Charplvy for the two-electron atom. The results are found to be in close agreement with the experimental values for the energy shifts not predicted by the Dirac theory, and with the theoretical values predicted by quantum electrodynamics.     

Neutron–Triton Elastic Scattering

The Kohn variational principle and the hyperspherical harmonics technique are applied to study the n ? ³H elastic scattering at low energies. In this contribution the first results obtained using a non-local realistic interaction derived from the chiral perturbation theory are reported. They are found to be in good agreement with those obtained solving the Faddeev–Yakubovsky equations. The calculated total and differential cross sections are compared with the available experimental data. The effect of including a three-nucleon interaction is also discussed.