原子荧光光谱法测定湖北宜昌茶叶中的微量硒

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定湖北宜昌茶叶中硒含量,利用标准加入法进行数据处理,以加入标准溶液后测得溶液的总浓度(样品及加入标准液的浓度之和)对加入标准液的浓度作图.实验结果表明:氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定茶叶中硒的回收率为93.7%-98.1%.湖北宜昌这种茶叶的硒含量为:2.74±0.12mg·g-1.标准加入法的数据处理方法能够提供更多的信息(如:加标回收率),并且简单、快速.     

原子吸收光谱法测定蔬菜中的铁、锰、铜、铅和镉

采用硝酸-高氯酸消解蔬菜样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定蔬菜中铁、锰和铜,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定蔬菜中的铅和镉。对仪器的工作条件作了探讨。在最佳实验条件下对韭菜、芹菜、洋白菜3种蔬菜进行测定,含量分别为铁：20.01、4.57、5.60μg.g-1,锰：1.445、1.141、1.204μg.g-1,铜：1.031、0.566、0.328μg.g-1,铅：0.106、0.085、0.076μg.g-1和镉：0.012、0.032、0.018μg.g-1。加标回收率为94.0%—106%。该方法简便、准确。     

硒形态流动注射催化光度法分析

基于在pH7的柠檬酸磷酸氢二钠缓冲溶液中,硒(Ⅳ)对Na2S还原天青Ⅰ有强催化作用,建立了流动注射催化光度法测定硒的新方法。考察了不同流路的影响,分别研究了试剂和试样的流速、反应介质及酸度、反应温度、共存物质的影响。利用单纯形优化法选择了各种试剂的最佳用量以及采样体积、反应管长的最佳实验条件。方法的线性范围为01～20mg·L-1,检出限为0015mg·L-1,相对标准偏差小于31%,进样频率为120个·h-1。该方法用于大蒜和硒酵母中有机硒和无机硒的测定,结果发现大蒜对硒有强的富集作用,有机硒的转化率随环境硒浓度的增加而下降。测定的回收率在971%～1043%。     

蔬菜中铁含量的测定及方法比较

用分光光度法直接测定蔬菜中铁的含量,方法简便、快速、准确.分别采用浓盐酸和浓硫酸两种消解方法对样品进行处理,并对其测定结果进行比较,实验结果表明,浓硫酸消解法消解能力更强,测定更为准确.5种蔬菜中木耳铁含量最高,对指导人们合理食用蔬菜进行补铁及进一步开发蔬菜产品提供了可靠的理论依据.     

蒙药新-Ⅱ中微量硒的测定

采用硒 -硫氰酸钾 -罗丹明 B-明胶 - OP体系分光光度法测定蒙药新 - 中微量硒。其含量为 6 .6—7.3μg· g-1 ,回收率为 94 %— 95 %。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法对水中总硒含量测试方法改进研究

为探寻简单可靠的水中硒测试方法,在采用国标中氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定水样中的硒含量时,对影响水中硒消解的因素如消解温度和盐酸用量等进行了比较,并且确定了一种简易可行的新方法,即水样在100℃消解时加入3mL盐酸。采用3,6和10μg.L-1硒标液测定了方法的精密度和准确度,测试的结果分别是2.96,5.43和9.66μg.L-1,回收率在90.50%～98.67%。同时,用不同方法测试了29个水样中的硒含量,国标中氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定水样中的硒含量的标样的误差为8.95%～25.46%,新方法测定标样的误差为1.33%～3.40%。新方法相对于中华人民共和国标准GB/T 5750.6-2006水中硒测试方法而言,具有操作过程简单、易控制和可靠性强、经济等特点。     

氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定螺旋藻中无机硒和有机硒

螺旋藻试样经硝酸、高氯酸消解,原子荧光光谱法测定总硒含量;用水浸提螺旋藻试样,经环己烷萃取后,水相采用硝酸、高氯酸消解后,原子荧光光谱法测定无机硒含量,间接测定螺旋藻中有机硒含量。总硒测定精密度在1.05%—2.10%之间,加标回收率在96.6%—102.3%之间;无机硒的浸提率在95.1%—100.7%之间,测定精密度在2.37%—3.70%之间,加标回收率在93.6%—98.4%之间,检出限为0.47mg/kg,满足螺旋藻中有机硒含量的测定。     

HG-AFS法测定甲鱼肉中硒

采用湿法消解原子荧光光度法对甲鱼肉中硒元素含量进行了分析测定。该方法加标回收率为96．2％～103．0％,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3．69％,猪肉国家标准物质（GBW08552）的测定值与标准值相吻合。结果表明：甲鱼肉中硒元素的含量非常丰富,硒含量是普通动物鲜肉中的1．2～9．4倍;是新鲜瓜果蔬菜的几十至几百倍。本测定结果可为研制开发富硒甲鱼保健食品提供有价值的和可靠的科学依据。     

ICP-MS等三种测定蛹虫草硒含量方法的比较

采用微波消解法对试验样本进行消解,分别通过ICP-MS法、HPLC/荧光法和3,3-二氨基联苯胺比色法三种方法测定了富硒蛹虫草菌丝体中硒的含量,对上述几种硒含量测定方法的工作条件、检出限和精确度进行了对比研究.实验结果表明:ICP-Ms法、HPLC/荧光法和3,3-二氨基联苯胺比色法的检出限分别为0.260 7,0.182 1和10.485 9μg·L-1,ICP-MS法的检出限最低,3,3-二氨基联苯胺比色法的检出限最高.在精密度方面.对同一样品以ICP-MS法测硒的标准差为最低,以3,3-二氨基联苯胺比色法测硒为最高.建议当分析样品中硒含量很低时,可选用HPLC/荧光法和ICP-MS法,如分析样品含硒量相对较大,可采用3,3-二氨基联苯胺比色法.     

红河州不同地区野山茶中微量元素的对比研究

研究了火焰原子吸收法连续测定野山茶中微量元素的工作条件,并以相同方法制备了红河州蒙自、石屏、弥勒等4个县市的野山茶实验样品,分别测定了此4个县市的野山茶样品中Pb,Cr,Cd,Cu等九种微量元素的含量,实验方法的相对标准偏差在0.07%～1.67%之间,回收率在98.7%～116.4%之间。结果表明,对人体有害的元素Pb,Cd,Hg含量最高的是建水县野山茶样品,分别为53.47和6.03,7.68μg.g-1。有益元素Mn在测定的元素中含量最高,平均含量高达913.48μg.g-1;Fe作为半微量元素,其平均含量低于锰,为688.46μg.g-1;Zn的平均含量为116.64μg.g-1。从实验样品中未能检测出Se。从实验结果得出,在红河州的野山茶中含有人体内必须的微量元素Mn,Fe,Zn等,野山茶具有一定的开发价值。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.