标签密集环境下天线互偶效应研究

基于射频识别技术原理及Friis传输方程, 导出了无源超高频射频识别系统链路模型, 结合二端口网络分析方法, 导出了标签密集环境下的标签天线互阻抗计算表达式.利用单阅读器单标签时的标签阻抗匹配条件, 基于功率传输系数及调制因子, 分析了互偶效应对系统链路的影响.在开阔室内环境中, 测试了双标签及标签单、双平面布置情形下的阅读器天线最小发射功率及系统识别率.测试结果表明, 双标签及双平面情形下, 阅读器天线最小发射功率变化率分别为(-7%, 11.6%)及(-10%, 12.5%). 关键词： 射频识别 密集环境 互偶效应 互阻抗     

低场核磁共振短死时间射频线圈与射频开关的设计

本文以核磁共振（NMR）射频线圈振铃信号产生原理为对象进行分析研究,提出了一种适用于低场环境下由环状间隙腔线圈与螺线管线圈构成的收发分离式短死时间射频线圈设计方案,采用优化调谐匹配网络提高发射效率;根据射频线圈方案需求设计了快速切换的射频开关及驱动．在此基础上依据仿真结果制作了短死时间射频线圈,并应用于自主研制的低场9.51 MHz便携式NMR谱仪系统,进行NMR实验,结果显示可将收发切换时间缩短至10 μs以内,验证了该设计方案的可行性．     

基于ATEasy的通用射频测试系统研究与实现

针对引进现代电子装备及系统中射频模块故障频发的问题,为实现对引进电子装备及系统射频模块的自动测试及故障诊断,达到降低外送维修成本、缩短维修周期、提高维修效率等目的,研制通用射频测试系统。通用射频测试系统硬件基于GPIB及VXI总线技术集成精密测试仪器仪表实现,利用VXI矩阵开关构建模块串并回路,设计系统通用接口适配器,提出自动测试射频模块工作电流及电压的电路设计;软件架构及测试程序采用美国GEOTest公司的ATEasy8.0。目前基于ATEasy集成开发环境开发射频模块测试程序,已实现20余种射频模块的自动测试及故障诊断。经验证,测试结果有效。该系统为引进现代电子装备及系统射频模块的测试开辟新的途径,提供新的支持。     

光学频率梳非线性传输及其在相位噪声探测中的应用

光纤传递链路中相位噪声探测是基于光纤的精确射频标准传递系统中重要组成部分。为解决光纤链路相位噪声探测中节点反射干扰的问题, 本文基于广义非线性薛定谔方程, 理论上研究了窄带光学频率梳在色散位移光纤中的非线性光学传播特性。在理论分析的基础上, 结合密集波分复用架构, 提出了一种基于锁模光学频率梳进行光纤传递射频信号的相位噪声探测新技术, 克服了节点反射干扰, 给出了初步实验验证。     

BEPCⅡ直线加速器相控系统的建立

为了获得高品质束流, BEPCⅡ直线加速器采用相位系统来优化和控制16个速调管的RF相位. 相控系统分布: 低相位噪声射频信号源作为直线系统的主振荡器; 加以恒温水系统控制的稳定相位参考线用以提供相控PAD装置Local输入; 基于EPICS操作界面的控制软件用以连接16个控制环路的精确测量并对加在每个速调管前级输入的IΦA移相器加以调控; 基于能量最大法相位分析测试方法的引入对系统的测试进行了优化从而提高了系统的测试精度. 整个系统的建立最终控制了直线因温度缓慢变化引起束流相对加速微波相位偏移而造成的能散度变化.     

新型SOI基3×3多模干涉波导光开关的优化设计

提出了一种基于SOI材料的新型3×3多模干涉(MMI)波导光开关,在开关的多模波导中引入折射率调制区,利用硅的等离子色散效应改变多模波导局部区域的折射率,使得光场在传输过程中的相位发生变化,进而确定输出光场位置,实现开关功能。采用有限差分光束传播法(FD-BPM)方法对开关的各个状态进行了模拟和分析,并对器件的结构参量进行了优化设计,采用优化后的结构参量,开关可实现的最大消光比达到-17.27 dB。     

PN9000相位噪声测试系统扩频方法研究

在航天测控领域,相位噪声指标已成为系统性能的限制性因素,精确测量载波的相位噪声显得尤为重要;PN9000相位噪声测试系统可直接应用于相位噪声测试,具备测试灵敏度高、系统稳定、测试快速等优点;随着航天测控领域所用频率的不断提高,针对PN9000相位噪声测试系统基本配置的频率范围已无法满足测试需求的问题,为满足PN9000相位噪声测试系统扩频需求,文中提出基于相位检波器法(基本型)和基于中频相位检波器法两种扩频方法,并对两种方法进行原理分析和实验验证;根据实验结果,两种方法均能有效实现扩频功能,但在系统本底相位噪声及经费使用方面各有不同特点;文中提供的方法及实验数据,对PN9000相位噪声测试系统扩频升级及配件选购等具有很好的借鉴作用。     

无源超高频射频识别系统路径损耗研究

基于射频识别技术原理及Friis传输方程, 导出了自由空间下无源超高频射频识别(RFID) 系统路径损耗表达式. 结合菲涅耳区理论, 分析了菲涅耳余隙及阅读器天线至标签间距两因变量条件下 第一菲涅耳区受阻隔对RFID系统路径损耗的影响, 并提出了双斜率对数距离路径损耗模型. 在开阔室内环境下, 测试了菲涅耳余隙及阅读器天线至标签间距变化时的系统路径损耗. 测试结果表明: 菲涅耳余隙大于第一菲涅耳区半径1.5倍时, 刃形障碍物对系统路径损耗影响较小; 相比传统对数距离路径损耗模型, 双斜率模型标准差减小10%. 关键词： 射频识别 路径损耗 菲涅耳区 线性回归     

基于电吸收调制激光器的双功能微波光子系统

提出了一种基于电吸收调制激光器的双功能系统,可以同时实现微波信号的产生和其相位噪声的测量。该系统由基于电吸收调制激光器的光电振荡器模块和基于光延时线技术的相位噪声测量模块构成。通过使用单个电吸收调制激光器代替激光源和强度调制器,所提出的双功能系统不仅成本低廉、结构简单,而且性能表现优异;有利于在基于OEO的射频系统,特别是信号产生系统的研制、优化与工作过程中,及时评估信号源的质量并作出相应的参数调整以优化其性能,为光电振荡器的相位噪声测试提供了简单的解决方案。实验结果表明,由光电振荡器生成的9.952 GHz信号的边模抑制比为66dB,相位噪声为-116.53dBc/Hz@10kHz。此外,相位噪声测量系统的相位噪声基底达-133.71 dBc/Hz@10 kHz,其测量灵敏度优于商用信号分析仪R&S FSV40。     

采用分步迭代算法设计制作衍射光学元件

 结合均匀照明相位器件的设计实例，介绍最新提出的基于迭代框架的优化方法，并应用该方法设计制作了16台阶的衍射光学元件并对其进行了测试，验证了设计原理及方法的正确性，且对加工中可能出现的误差进行了分析和讨论。测试结果验证了采用多台阶相位结构的设计方案能有效提高工艺宽容度。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.     

Real-time restoration of rotational blurred image using gradient-loading

The key to the restoration of rotational motion blurred image is how to restore the image under a low cost and to correct the irreversibility of the degradation function matrix.Based on the special qualities of degradation function matrix and precise deduction in space-domain, we present a new approach using gradient-loading for restoration of rotational blurred image.By easily adding a gradient operator, the irreversibility of the original matrix is corrected and can be applied for inverse filtering then.Gradientloading is the optimized approach which combines the advantages of both the approaches using constrained least square filtering and traditional diagonal-loading.Compared with the approach using least square filtering, its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved from 3.18 to 6.46dB, while the computing time is reduced to 1/2-1/3.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, noise-resistibility, robustness, and low complexity of this approach, which make it more suitable for real-time environment.     

All-Optical Logic Device Using Bent Nonlinear Tapered Y-Junction Waveguide Structure

We propose an all-optical logic device made of a bent tapered Y-junction waveguide with a Kerr-type nonlinear interface. It could provide an AND gate, OR gate, and exclusive-OR (XOR) gate. We could obtain different transmission results by adjusting the bending angle. The numerical simulation results show that the device functions as AND, OR, and XOR gates.